2019-2020年高考英語一輪 語法專題3 非謂語動詞03 譯林牛津版高考預(yù)練.單項(xiàng)填空1(xx山東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)診斷)What was considered impolite years ago has bee _ now.AaccessibleBadjustableCunbelievable Dacceptable解析：選D。考查形容詞辨析。accessible意為“易接近的，可理解的”；adjustable意為“可調(diào)整的”；unbelievable意為“難以相信的”；acceptable意為“可接受的”。句意：多年前被認(rèn)為不禮貌的事情現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開始逐漸被接受了。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。2(xx山東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模)Im afraid Im not _ to help with the show，for I am fully occupied with my own project.Aacceptable BadaptableCavailable Daccessible解析：選C。考查形容詞。acceptable值得接受的，可接受的；adaptable可適應(yīng)的，有適應(yīng)能力的；available有空的，空閑的，有時間的；accessible容易取得的，可接近的。句意：恐怕我不能在這次展覽上幫忙了，因?yàn)槲艺τ谧约旱捻?xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)。3(xx濟(jì)南模擬)I keep on walking after supper because I cant think of a _ way to keep fit.Abetter BbestCworse Dworst解析：選A。考查形容詞比較級。句意：我堅(jiān)持晚飯后散步，因?yàn)槲蚁氩坏奖冗@更好的保持健康的方法了。根據(jù)語境可知，A項(xiàng)正確。4(xx淄博模擬)The government should develop_ system to predict when wildfires occur and give warnings in time.Aprevious BreliableCreasonable Dresponsible解析：選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。previous意為“以前的；早先的”；reliable意為“可靠的”；reasonable意為“合理的”；responsible意為“負(fù)責(zé)的”。句意：政府應(yīng)開發(fā)出可靠的預(yù)測系統(tǒng)，以便火災(zāi)發(fā)生時能及時發(fā)出警報。故B項(xiàng)正確。5(xx臨沂質(zhì)量檢測)Jenny is always _ for appointments.Why is she late today?She might have got trapped in a traffic jam in the rush hour.Apatient BgratefulCpunctual Davailable解析：選C?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。patient意為“有耐心的”；grateful意為“感激的”；punctual意為“準(zhǔn)時的”；available 意為“有效的，可利用的”。句意：Jenny約會總是很準(zhǔn)時，今天她怎么遲到了？她可能碰到上下班高峰期的交通堵塞了。根據(jù)語境可知。此處用punctual。即C項(xiàng)正確。6(xx遼寧期中測試題)The little girl couldnt work the problem out.She wasnt_clever.Athat BmuchCenough Drather解析：選A。句意：那個小女孩解不出這道題。她沒那么聰明。that作副詞時，相當(dāng)于so；much常修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級以及動詞；enough用在形容詞或副詞后；rather相當(dāng)。7(xx鹽城第二次調(diào)研)Who do you have in mind for the position?I think Peter is the most_person for it.Agenerous BlikelyCoptimistic Dvoluntary解析：選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：你覺得誰適合那個職位？我認(rèn)為彼得最合適。likely“合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)摹保险Z意。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；optimistic“樂觀的”；voluntary“自愿的，義務(wù)的”。8(xx太原市部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)檢測)It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently.Its _ Earth，and hopefully it can support human life.Aalmost three times the size ofBthree times the size thanCthree times almost as large thanDalmost three times as larger as解析：選A?？疾楸稊?shù)表達(dá)法。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法要注意三種結(jié)構(gòu)：A is倍數(shù)the size/height/weight/.ofB；A is倍數(shù)bigger/larger/.thanB；A is倍數(shù)as big/large/.asB。故A項(xiàng)的表達(dá)正確。9(xx山西太原模擬)Look！How much_ Alice looks wearing her new show dress!Awell BgoodCbetter Dbest解析：選C?？疾樾稳菰~的比較級。much后面不能接形容詞的原級和最高級，而應(yīng)該用形容詞的比較級，結(jié)合語意選C項(xiàng)。10(xx濰坊5月份訓(xùn)練)The new discovery challenged the _ theory about lifes origins.Aconventional BparticularCcontrary Dcasual解析：選A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：這個新發(fā)現(xiàn)向生命起源的傳統(tǒng)理論提出了挑戰(zhàn)。conventional意為“習(xí)慣的；傳統(tǒng)的”，符合題意。particular意為“特別的”；contrary意為“相反的；不利的”；casual意為“隨意的”。 21（xx湖南高考）The lecture，_ at 7：00 pm last night，was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.Astarting Bbeing startedCto start Dto be started22（xx江蘇高考）_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.ABased BBasingCBase DTo base23（xx江西高考）Having finished her project，she was invited by the school _ to the new students.Aspeaking Bhaving spokenCto speak Dto have spoken24（xx江西高考）John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.Aoffered BofferingCto offer Dto be offered25（xx遼寧高考）The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them.Ato follow BfollowingCfollowed Dfollows26（xx遼寧高考）This machine is very easy _.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operatingCoperated Dto operate27（xx湖南高考）Time，_ correctly，is money in the bank.Ato use BusedCusing Duse28（xx山東高考）After pleting and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _.Aproviding BprovidedChaving provided Dprovide29（xx陜西高考）_ in a long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.AStanding BTo standCStood DStand30（xx陜西高考）If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.Ameets BmeetingCmeet Dto meet31（xx四川高考）Tom took a taxi to the airport，only_his plane high up in the sky.Afinding Bto findCbeing found Dto have found32（xx浙江高考）“Its such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers.Ato be reserved Bhaving reservedCreserving Dreserved33（xx四川高考）Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car_.Awashed BwashCwashing Dto wash34（xx浙江高考）No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better _ silent.Aremain Bbe remainingChaving remained Dto remain35（xx四川高考）I looked up and noticed a snake_its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.Ato wind BwindCwinding Dwound36（xx江蘇高考）Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.Apared BparingCpares Dbeing pared37（xx安徽高考）Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.Abreak BbreakingCbroken Dto break38（xx浙江高考）Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.Alose BlostCto lose Dhaving lost39（xx浙江高考）Bats are surprisingly longlived creatures，some _ a life span of around 20 years.Ahaving Bhad Chave Dto have40（xx上海高考）Its no use _ without taking any action.Aplain BplainingCbeing plained Dto be plained41（xx浙江名校聯(lián)盟第一次聯(lián)考）When _ properly，a reward system can help to increase students effort，attention and improve their behavior.Ausing Bto useCused Dhaving used42（xx河北普通高學(xué)質(zhì)監(jiān)）Practice greeting your teachers and classmates in English.Remember _！Asmiling Bto smileCto be smiling Dhaving smiled43（xx江蘇南京四校期中）The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. Abeing weighed Bto weighCweighed Dweighing44（xx北京東城區(qū)示范校綜合練習(xí)一）When _ a car，dont drive at an extreme speed.Adriving BdrivenCdrive Dto drive45（xx山西第二次診斷考試）Many people are taking part in various TV programs _overnight success.Aachieving Bto achieveCbeing achieved Dhaving been achieved參考答案21A句意：昨晚7點(diǎn)開始的演講結(jié)束之后，緊跟著的是對月球用望遠(yuǎn)鏡進(jìn)行了一次觀測。此處start用作不及物動詞，表示“開始”，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，相當(dāng)于which started.。而不定式的一般式多表示將來的動作；若start用作及物動詞，則此處要用被動形式，而B項(xiàng)being started表示正在開始，D項(xiàng)to be started表示將來的動作，均與原題中l(wèi)ast night不符。故選A項(xiàng)。22Bbase.on.意為“把建立在基礎(chǔ)上”。由于逗號前后沒有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，可排除構(gòu)成祈使句的C項(xiàng)；該句主語you與base為主動關(guān)系，可排除A項(xiàng)，此項(xiàng)表示被動的過去分詞形式；不定式在句首通常表示目的，不合邏輯，可排除D項(xiàng)；答案為B項(xiàng)，現(xiàn)在分詞形式作條件狀語。句意：如果你把一個重要的決定建立在情感之上而不是理智之上，你遲早會后悔的。23C句意：完成她的工程以后，她被學(xué)校邀請給新生做演講?！白鲅葜v”發(fā)生在was invited之后，所以用動詞不定式的一般式作主語補(bǔ)足語。24B該題容易誤選A項(xiàng)，因?yàn)榇蠹乙话阏J(rèn)為letter與offer存在被動關(guān)系，但此處offer后面有兩個賓語，顯然，應(yīng)使用offer sb.sth.的主動形式作后置定語修飾the official letter，說明信的內(nèi)容。25B句意：這對老年夫婦經(jīng)常晚飯后去公園散步，后面跟著他們的寵物狗。此處是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語dog與作賓語補(bǔ)足語的follow存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，且表示伴隨情況，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。26D句意：這臺機(jī)器很容易操作。任何人幾分鐘就學(xué)會操作。不定式作表語形容詞的狀語，表示在哪一方面存在這個形容詞表示的情況或產(chǎn)生這種情緒的原因。本題結(jié)構(gòu)可換為It is very easy to operate the machine.或To operate the machine is very easy.這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式要用主動式且要用及物動詞或“不及物動詞介詞”。故此處D項(xiàng)正確。27B句意：時間如果運(yùn)用得當(dāng)，就會變成銀行里的錢。此處是非謂語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語time與use之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動。28B所填詞應(yīng)在此作定語修飾envelope, 而且和envelope構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故選用provided表示被動。providing表示主動；having provided也是主動形式，表示動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前；provide為動詞原形，形式錯誤。句意：在完成表格并簽字后，請用提供的信封把表格寄回給我們。故選B項(xiàng)。29A句意：我們排在長長的隊(duì)伍中，等著商店開門買一臺全新iPad。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知所填部分在句中作伴隨狀語，且句子的主語we與stand之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。30Dhave no choice but to do sth.“除了做某事之外別無選擇”。句意：如果接受這份工作，除了迎接更大的挑戰(zhàn)之外他別無選擇。31Bonly后接不定式形式表示意想不到的結(jié)果。to have done表示動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前，與句意矛盾。句意：湯姆乘出租車去了機(jī)場，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)飛機(jī)已經(jīng)飛在高空了。32D分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞修飾table，“桌子”是“被預(yù)訂或保留”的，所以用過去分詞短語作后置定語。33Acar和wash為被動關(guān)系，故選用過去分詞washed作補(bǔ)語。句意：在你開車駛?cè)脒@所城市前，你應(yīng)該先洗車。34Dwhen在此處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾times，在when引導(dǎo)的從句中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是動詞不定式to remain silent，表示“有時保持沉默更好”。35C句意：我抬起頭來，注意到一條蛇正盤旋著往樹上爬，去捕捉它的早餐。snake和wind之間為主動關(guān)系，注意到蛇在往樹上爬，表示動作正在進(jìn)行。故選C項(xiàng)。36B分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句的主語是a survey，謂語動詞是has caused，賓語是heated debate。可見，句子結(jié)構(gòu)是完整的，因此我們要選擇的只能是非謂語動詞形式。survey與pare 之間存在主動關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語。37D句意：湯姆問制作糖果的人他們是否能使巧克力更容易碎成小塊。make “使得，讓”，其后常接“賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。此題中，chocolate和不定式to break之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，但該結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式應(yīng)用主動表被動。故選D項(xiàng)。38B句意：即使最好的作家有時候也覺得自己無法用言語表達(dá)。lost為過去分詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞作賓補(bǔ)，意為“喪失的，迷惑的”。故選B項(xiàng)。39A第一句話是一個完整的句子，由于其后沒有連詞，我們可以斷定后面部分為狀語。some相當(dāng)于some bats，與have構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，因此須用some having.的形式作狀語。句意：蝙蝠是極其長壽的生物，有些壽命長達(dá)20年。故選A項(xiàng)。40B句意：只抱怨而不采取任何行動是沒有用的。Its no use doing sth.是固定句型，其中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是動名詞短語。41Cuse 和a reward system之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語。42B句意：練習(xí)用英語向你的老師和同學(xué)問好。記住要微笑。remember to do sth.“記住要干某事”。43Dweigh當(dāng)“重達(dá)”講時，是不及物動詞，和邏輯主語young children之間為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。44A主句是祈使句，其主語為you，you和drive為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“當(dāng)你開車的時候”。45B句意：許多人參加各種各樣的電視節(jié)目想一夜成名。此處用不定式表示目的。