2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪 課時(shí)作業(yè)(十五) Unit5 Canada“The True North” 新人教版必修3完形填空Long long ago, there was a small villageThis village had a 1 traditionAt the beginning of every year, any boy who had reached the age of majority （成年) was given land and money to build a homeThe boy had to 2 his home before winterIf his home failed to endure the cold weather in winter, the villagers could not 3 him in any wayOne _4_, Paul and Marc reached their majorityThey 5 their land and money and decided to search nearby villages for ideas on building their homesIn each village, they found the nicest 6 and talked to the ownersEach owner gladly offered 7 After Marc saw several homes, he 8 the best ideas and went back to his own landPaul, _9_, continued collecting more ideasSoon he had so many great ideas that he began to 10 some of themBut he always believed he could find even better ideas in the next villageMarc began building his homeHe had several false starts, 11 his home gradually rose from his landBy fall, Marc had finished his homeIt wasnt perfect，but it was strong and he could 12 it later. Paul enjoyed all the beautiful homes and 13 with home ownersThe first snow came and Paul, realizing he was running out of time, 14 back to his landHe built the best home he could in the time he had, but it was 15 The first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to 16 The villagers mourned for himMarc 17 the winterEach year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look betterHe became a leader in the village, 18 a family, and lived a happy, content lifeWe all build and improve our own mental homesIts 19 and fun for us to search for ideas from other mental home owners, but we only improve our own mental home if we actually 20 the best ideas1Astrange Bhopeful Cliterary Dcultural2Afind Bmake Cplete Dbuy3.Ahelp Bencourage Cscold Dpersuade4Awinter Bsummer Cautumn Dspring5AexchangedBreceivedCrecognizedDadvice6AgirlsBjobsChousesDpresents7AroomsBdrinksCattentionDadvice8AexpectedBgatheredCcreatedDunderstood9AsimilarlyBfinallyChoweverDfurthermore10AforgetBbelieveCreplaceDdoubt11AbecauseBalthoughCbutDso12ArepairBrebuildCsellDimprove13AconversationsBachievementsCstrugglesDarguments14AdroveBrushedCflewDmoved15AweakBfunnyCsmallDamazing16AblindnessBdeathCsadnessDillness17AexperiencedBlovedCsurvivedDspent18AbroughtBearnedCcontactedDraised19AslowBeasyCdangerousDspecial20ArealizeBbringCcollectDapply【答案與解析】 文章通過(guò)一個(gè)故事告訴我們，無(wú)論是精神世界還是物質(zhì)世界，一些想法的尋找是簡(jiǎn)單的，但是想法的運(yùn)用卻是另外一回事。1A 考查形容詞辨析。由下文對(duì)這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的描述來(lái)看，這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)很獨(dú)特，所以四個(gè)詞中只有strange (奇怪的)符合語(yǔ)境。語(yǔ)境為：很久很久以前，有一個(gè)小村莊有著一個(gè)奇怪的傳統(tǒng)。每到年初，已成年的男孩就會(huì)拿到一塊地和資金(自己動(dòng)手)去修建自己的房屋。hopeful 有希望的；literary 文藝的，書(shū)本的；cultural文化的。2C 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。這里指的是在冬天到來(lái)前就要完成房屋的修建。所以用plete，意思是：完成。倒數(shù)第三段 “By fall, Marc had finished his home”中有同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：finish。3.A 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。 倒數(shù)第三段“The first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to 16 The villagers mourned for him”告訴我們，由于Paul修建的房子不好，被凍死了，人們都來(lái)哀悼他，但沒(méi)有幫助他度過(guò)寒冬，由此可以看出，在這一奇怪的傳統(tǒng)中，別人是不能提供幫助的，所以選help。4D考查語(yǔ)境話選詞。上一段告訴我們，成年的男孩是在每年的年初(At the beginning of every year)拿到一塊地和資金的，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有spring(春天)符合境。5B 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。對(duì)應(yīng)第一段提到的was given，所以這里選receive意思是：收到。exchange 交換；recognize 認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)；advise 建議，忠告。6C考查語(yǔ)境話選詞。前文告訴我們，他們要建的是房子，這是在外出考察，自然是找最好的房子和房主交談以獲得如何建好房子的建議。文中有多處同義詞home的復(fù)現(xiàn)。7D考查名詞詞義辨析。每一位房主都很樂(lè)意提供給他們(關(guān)于如何建好房子的)建議。所以選advice?？梢詮摹癝oon he had so many great ideas that he began to 10 some of them”中的idea得到啟示。8B 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Marc 參觀了幾棟房子，把房主們提供的建議搜集起來(lái)，所以選gather。意思是：搜集。9空后的“continued collecting more ideas”有同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。expect 期待，預(yù)料；create 創(chuàng)造；understand理解。9C 考查副詞辨析。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Marc開(kāi)始建房，而Paul 卻仍在繼續(xù)搜集如何建房的建議，兩者之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用however。10 A 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由于搜集的好的修建房屋的方法太多了，以至于都忘了一部分，所以用forget。 believe 認(rèn)為，相信；replace代替；doubt懷疑。11 C 考查連詞辨析?！癏e had several false starts”和“his home gradually rose from his land”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but。12 D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。倒數(shù)第二段 “Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better”中的make his own home look better，說(shuō)的就是他所修的房子可以在建成后隨時(shí)改良，所以用improve。repair 修理、修補(bǔ)； rebuild重建；sell賣。13A 考查名詞辨析。第二段的“In each village, they found the nicest 31 and talked to the owners”可知，應(yīng)該選conversations，意思是：談話、會(huì)話。14B 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。冬天來(lái)了，第一場(chǎng)雪使Paul意識(shí)到建房子所剩的時(shí)間不多了，所以自己便急匆匆地往回趕，所以選rush，意思是：沖、奔，急匆匆的趕。15. A 考查形容詞辨析。由后面的“The first winter storm destroyed his home”可以看出，由于動(dòng)工時(shí)間較晚，時(shí)間緊，他修的房子不牢固，所以選weak，意思是：不牢固的。Funny滑稽的；small小的；amazing令人吃驚的。16. B 考查名詞辨析。下一句“The villagers mourned for him”告訴我們，村民們都去哀悼他，由此可知他被凍死了，所以選death。17. C 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。這里指的是Marc由于修好了房子，順利渡過(guò)了冬天，所以用survive，意思是：從困境中挺過(guò)來(lái)。18. D 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。raise 養(yǎng)育。句意為：(后來(lái))他成了村里的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，養(yǎng)育了一家人，幸福滿意的生活著。如果把 A 項(xiàng)后加上up，也是正確的。19. B 考查形容詞辨析。上面的故事告訴我們，建議和想法的尋找是簡(jiǎn)單的，而實(shí)踐才是困難的，所以選easy。20. D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。這里指的是最好的想法的“應(yīng)用”，所以選apply。 閱讀理解ASome unusual words describe how a person spends his or her time. For example, someone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or lying down while watching television is sometimes called a couch potato. A couch is a piece of furniture that people sit on while watching television.Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term “couch potato” in 1976. Several years later, he listed the term as a trademark with the United States government. Mr Armstrong also helped write a funny book about life as a fulltime television watcher. It is called the Official Couch Potato Handbook.Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just as mouse potatoes enjoy working on puters. A puter mouse is the device that moves the pointer, or cursor on a puter screen. The description of mouse potato became popular in 1993. American writer Alice Kahn is said to have invented the term to describe young people who spend a lot of time using puters.Too much time inside the house using a puter or watching television can cause someone to get cabin fever. A cabin is a simple house usually built far away from the city. People go to a cabin to relax and enjoy quiet time.Cabin fever is not really a disease. However, people can experience boredom and restlessness if they spend too much time inside their homes. This is especially true during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside. Often children get cabin fever if they cannot go outside to play. So do their parents. This happens when there is so much snow that schools and even offices and stores are closed.Some people enjoy spending a lot of time in their homes to make them nice places to live. This is called nesting or cocooning. Birds build nests out of sticks to hold their eggs and baby birds. Some insects build cocoons around themselves for protection while they grow and change. Nests and cocoons provide security for wildlife. So people like the idea of nests and cocoons, too.The terms cocooning and nesting became popular more than twenty years ago. They describe people buying their first homes and filling them with many things. These people then had children.Now these children are grownup and have left the nest. They are in college. Or they are married and starting families of their own far away.Now these parents are living alone without children in their empty nests. They have bee empty nesters.16Which of the following was first used?ACouch potato. BCocooning.CMouse potato. DNesting.17_refers to a person who spends much time on puter.AA couch potato BA nesterCA mouse potato DAn empty nester18Why can most people easily get cabin fever in winter?ABecause they are addicted to puter games.BBecause they would like to play outside.CBecause it is so cold that they couldnt go outside.DBecause they are too busy at work or school.19Whats the passage mainly about?AHow to get rid of cabin fever.BHow people bee nesters or empty nesters.CHow to spend your leisure time.DThe origin of some words.BGerman researchers said older people tend to be portrayed negatively in society. Although they are often described as wise, they are also shown as being slow and forgetful.“Living in a youth centered culture, they may appreciate a boost in selfesteem.Thats why they prefer the negative stories about younger people, who are seen as having a higher status in our society，” said Dr Silvia KnoblochWesterwick，of Ohio State University.KnoblochWesterwick and her coauthor Matthias Hastall, of Zeppelin University in Friedrichshafen, Germany, studied 276 German adults, including 178 aged 18 to 30 and 98 between 55 and 60. Their findings are published in the journal munication.All the adults in the study were shown what they were led to believe was a test version of a new online news magazine.They were also given limited time to look over either a negative or a positive version of 10 preselected articles.Each story was also paired with a photograph depicting(描繪) someone of either the younger or the older age group.The researchers found that older people were more likely to choose to read negative articles about those younger than themselves. They also tended to show less interest in articles about older people, whether negative or positive.But younger people preferred to read positive articles about other young people.According to KnoblochWesterwick, older peoples preference for negative news about their younger counterparts can be explained by their place in society.“Everybody likes a selfesteem boost. For young people, though, its almost automatic. Youth is considered important in society，” she said.After reading the articles, the participants pleted a questionnaire designed to measure levels of selfesteem. Unlike their younger counterparts, the selfesteem of older people rose after they read a negative article about younger people.Although the study was done in Germany, KnoblochWesterwick believes nationality and the national characteristics are not important.20What do older people think of themselves, according to the text?AThey are behind the times.BThey are always forgetful.CTheir selfesteem is challenged in a youth centered culture.DThey should have a higher status than the young in society.21What can be learned from the study?AThe old enjoy reading negative stories about the young.BThe old are interested in negative articles about other old people.CThe old are likely to read positive articles about other old people.DThe young like reading negative articles about other young people.22According to KnoblochWesterwick, if a similar study were done in other countries, _Athe result would be unreasonableBthe result would be quite differentCthe findings would be pletely the sameDmuch the same result would be found.書(shū)面表達(dá)happyfamily是一個(gè)致力于消除家長(zhǎng)和孩子之間溝通障礙的網(wǎng)站。假設(shè)你叫David，是一名中學(xué)生，在該網(wǎng)站兼職。請(qǐng)你針對(duì)Katherine(一位高考考生的母親)提出的問(wèn)題寫(xiě)一篇回復(fù)。要點(diǎn)：1.勸Katherine不要焦慮，并說(shuō)明原因；2站在學(xué)生的角度給她建議。要求：1.詞數(shù)：120左右。2開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：family ties 親情Katherine 20：00 Jan. 21st, xxDear Sir or Madam，With the college entrance exam drawing near, I am getting more and more anxious about my sons studies. However, I am always wondering what I can do to help him. Could you please give me some suggestions？David 9：30 Jan. 22nd, xxDear Katherine，_I hope what is suggested above will bring out an easier time in your family during your sons preparation for his college entrance exam.參考答案課時(shí)作業(yè)(十五).A本文著重介紹了英語(yǔ)中一些詞的來(lái)歷。16A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term“couch potato” in 1976可知，couch potato是在1976年第一次被使用，因此A項(xiàng)正確。第三段第三句The description of mouse potato became popular in 1993.告訴我們mouse potato在1993年才流行，倒數(shù)第二段告訴我們cocooning和nesting是20多年前才開(kāi)始流行的。17C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just as mouse potatoes enjoy working on puters.可知答案。18C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段第三句This is especially true during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside.可知答案。19D主旨大意題。根據(jù)本文主要內(nèi)容可知答案。B研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在當(dāng)今以年輕人為中心的社會(huì)中，老年人的自尊受到挑戰(zhàn)。因此，在一項(xiàng)調(diào)查中，老年人更傾向于關(guān)注那些反映年輕人消極面的信息，以增強(qiáng)自尊。20C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的Living in a youth centered culture，they may appreciate a boost in selfesteem.可推知答案。21A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段中的The researchers found that older people were more likely to choose to read negative articles about those younger than themselves.可知答案。22D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的信息believes nationality and the national characteristics are not important.可知答案。.One possible version：David9：30 Jan. 22nd, xxDear Katherine，I dont think you should be so anxious about your sons studies. The college entrance examination is important, but it is not the only challenge well have to face. As a senior student myself, I think there are several things you can do for your son. First of all, get to know what he is interested in and help him set a proper goal. Besides, believe in him and encourage him to believe in himself. Lastly, please spare some time to listen to him. The more he municates with others, the less pressure hell have.I hope what is suggested above will bring out an easier time in your family during your sons preparation for his college entrance exam. 課后閱讀-Fully insured 全保險(xiǎn)Insurance panies are normally willing to insure anything. Insuring public or private property is a standard practice in most countries in the world. If, however, you were holding an open air garden party or a fete it would be equally possible to insure yourself in the event of bad weather. Needless to say, the bigger the risk an insurance pany takes, the higher the premium you will have to pay. It is not unmon to hear that a shipping pany has made a claim for the cost of salvaging a sunken ship. But the claim made by a local authority to recover the cost of salvaging a sunken pie dish must surely be unique. Admittedly it was an unusual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet long and six feet wide. It had been purchased by a local authority so that an enormous pie could be baked for an annual fair. The pie mittee decided that the best way to transport the dish would be by canal, so they insured it for the trip. Shortly after it was launched, the pie mittee went to a local inn to celebrate. At the same time, a number of teenagers climbed on to the dish and held a little party of their own. Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear, for during the party it capsized and sank in seven feet of water. The pie mittee telephoned a local garage owner who arrived in a recovery truck to salvage the pie dish. Shivering in their wet clothes, the teenagers looked on while three men dived repeatedly into the water to locate the dish. They had little difficulty in finding it, but hauling it out of the water proved to be a serious problem. The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to attach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it. Eventually chains were fixed to one end of the dish and a powerful winch was put into operation. The dish rose to the surface and was gently drawn towards the canal bank. For one agonizing moment, the dish was perched precariously on the bank of the canal, but it suddenly overbalanced and slid back into the water. The men were now obliged to try once more. This time they fixed heavy metal clamps to both sides of the dish so that they could fasten the chains. The dish now had to be lifted vertically because one edge was resting against the side of the canal. The winch was again put into operation and one of the men started up the truck. Several minutes later, the dish was successfully hauled above the surface of the water. Water streamed in torrents over its sides with such force that it set up a huge wave in the canal. There was a danger that the wave would rebound off the other side of the bank and send the dish plunging into the water again. By working at tremendous speed, the men managed to get the dish on to dry land before the wave returned. 保險(xiǎn)公司一般說(shuō)來(lái)愿意承保一切東西。承辦公共財(cái)產(chǎn)或私人財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)是世界上大部分國(guó)家的正常業(yè)務(wù)。如果你要舉辦一次露天游園會(huì)或盛宴，為避免碰上不好的天氣而遭受損失也同樣可以保險(xiǎn)。不用說(shuō)，保險(xiǎn)公司承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越大，你付的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)也就越高。航運(yùn)公司為打撈沉船而提出索賠，這是常有的事，但某地當(dāng)局為打撈一只焙制餡餅的盤(pán)子提出索賠，倒是件新鮮事兒。這個(gè)餡餅盤(pán)子確實(shí)少見(jiàn)，有18英尺長(zhǎng)，6英尺寬。某地方當(dāng)局買下它用來(lái)焙制一個(gè)巨大的餡餅為一年一度交易會(huì)助興。餡餅委員會(huì)確認(rèn)運(yùn)輸這只盤(pán)子的最佳方案是通過(guò)運(yùn)河水運(yùn)。于是，他們對(duì)這只盤(pán)子的運(yùn)輸安全投了保。盤(pán)子下水后不久，餡餅委員會(huì)成員們來(lái)到當(dāng)?shù)匾患倚【频陸c賀。就在這個(gè)時(shí)候，許多十幾歲的孩子爬上盤(pán)子舉行他們自己的集會(huì)。他們跳起了舞，盤(pán)子難以承受。舞會(huì)進(jìn)行過(guò)程中，盤(pán)子傾覆，沉入了7英尺深的水中。餡餅委員會(huì)給當(dāng)?shù)仄囆蘩韼?kù)老板打電話，他聞?dòng)嵑箝_(kāi)著一輛急修車前來(lái)打撈盤(pán)子。那些孩子們穿著濕衣服哆嗦，看著3個(gè)工人輪番潛入水中以確定盤(pán)子的位置。他們沒(méi)費(fèi)多大事兒就找到了盤(pán)子，可是把盤(pán)子撈出卻是一個(gè)很大的難題。盤(pán)子四邊十分光滑，要在盤(pán)邊拴上繩索或鏈條而同時(shí)又不損壞它是很難辦到的。不過(guò)，他們終于將鏈條固定在盤(pán)子的一端，一臺(tái)大功率的絞車開(kāi)動(dòng)起來(lái)。盤(pán)子慢慢浮出水面，被輕輕地拽向運(yùn)河岸邊。在令人忐忑不安的瞬間，盤(pán)子晃晃悠悠地上了岸，但它突然失去了平衡，又跌回水中。工人們只得再來(lái)一次。這次，他們用沉重的金屬夾子把盤(pán)子夾住，以便往盤(pán)子上安裝鐵鏈。這次，盤(pán)子必須垂直吊出水面，因?yàn)楸P(pán)子的一邊緊靠著運(yùn)河河岸。絞盤(pán)機(jī)再次啟動(dòng)，一位工人發(fā)動(dòng)了急修車的引擎。幾分鐘后，盤(pán)子被成功地拽出了水面。波浪從盤(pán)子兩側(cè)急涌而出，在運(yùn)河里掀起一股大浪。但是當(dāng)波浪從河對(duì)岸折回來(lái)時(shí)，就有再次把盤(pán)子拖進(jìn)水里的危險(xiǎn)。工人們動(dòng)作迅速，終于趕在那股大浪返回之前把盤(pán)子拽到了岸上。*結(jié)束(2)(25 min.)(xx師大附中月考)請(qǐng)你簡(jiǎn)要概述圖中所述新聞事件，并針對(duì)路人的反應(yīng)發(fā)表自己的看法，如果你是在場(chǎng)的路人之一，你會(huì)怎么做？ _參考范文One possible version：Since 13th Oct., xx, China has been captivated by the distressing case of twoyearold girl Xiao Yueyue, who was coldly ignored by passersby as she lay bleeding in the street after being struck by a delivery van. Video shared widely across social media documented the incident in horrifying detail, including at least 18 people walking past Xiao Yueyues body without so much as a glance. In my eyes, those 18 people have shamed the whole of China. Owing to the new plexities of Chinese social life, people had lost their reverence for life and felt indifferent or even cold about life or death.Any one of us might bee the passerby at the side of Xiao Yueyue. If I were one of them, I would stop, move her out of the center of the road, or extend a hand of fort, carrying her away from danger. Everybody should examine his own conscience: if we were in the same situation next time, how could we help ourselves? Only by lifting a hand to help others, we save ourselves.*結(jié)束 閱讀理解There lived a king who liked art.One day an artist offered to paint the most beautiful picture in the world on the wall of his palace.So the king said，“All right，you may work on one of the walls in the new hall.”Just then，another artist said，“Please allow me to work on the opposite wall.I shall make exactly what that man will make on the opposite wall.Moreover，I shall do so without looking at his work.I would even request you to have a thick curtain put up between the two walls so that either of us cannot see the other.”Everyone in the kings court，including the king and the first artist was intrigued.So the king decided to give the second artist a chance.The following day，a thick curtain was put in place and both the artists got t