Part1 M4.Unit11Unit11Unit11The MediaThe MediaModule41、in detail 詳細(xì)地detail前可有形容詞修飾。 The coach analysed in great detail the various possibilities of winning the game. 教練非常詳細(xì)地分析了取得這場(chǎng)比賽勝利的種種可能性。 in名詞(不帶冠詞)in advance提前 in case 以防；以防萬一in charge 負(fù)責(zé)， 主管 in common共有in danger 在危險(xiǎn)中 in debt 負(fù)債in difficulty處境困難 in fact 事實(shí)上in order 整齊的 in sight 能看見in summary總之 in turn 輪流， 反過來完成句子。1. 她不顧一切后果，決心做這份工作。 She is determined to do the job regardless of all consequences. 2. 他已下定決心，什么也阻擋不了他去農(nóng)村工作。 He has determined that nothing shall prevent him from going to work in the countryside. 3. 他勇敢頑強(qiáng)地與疾病作斗爭(zhēng)。 He fought the illness with courage and determination. 2、demand vt. & n. 要求 demand sth.This sort of work demands great patience. 這種工作要求有極大的耐心。 demand to doI demand to know what is going on!我要求了解發(fā)生了什么事！ demand that S. (should) do I demanded that one of you (should) go there at once. 我要求你們中間有一個(gè)人立刻到那里去！demand, request與require demand主語是人時(shí)，表示強(qiáng)烈要求，堅(jiān)持要做某事；主語是物時(shí)，指迫切需要。 request則通常用來表示比較禮貌或正式的請(qǐng)求和要求。You are requested not to smoke here. 請(qǐng)不要在這里抽煙。 require往往表示(法律， 規(guī)章等)強(qiáng)制性的要求或規(guī)定。I have done all that is required by law. 我已按照法律規(guī)定把一切做好。用demand, request和require填空。1. She demanded an immediate explanation. 2. All candidates will be required to take a short test. 3. You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant. 3、publish vt. 出版， 發(fā)行， 發(fā)表The first edition was published in 1998. 第一版出版于1998年。 publisher n. 出版人；發(fā)行人 publishing n. 出版(業(yè))；發(fā)行(業(yè)) a publishing house 出版社用publish的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Tony wants to get a job in publishing. 2. The latest unemployment figures will be publishedtomorrow. 3. Pictures of the suspect were published in all the daily papers. 4. He works for a company that publishes reference books. arise, rise與raise arise vi. 站起來， 起身；(問題、困難、爭(zhēng)吵、大風(fēng)等無形的東西)出現(xiàn)， 發(fā)生， 常與from/out of連用。The problem arose from /out of lack of experience. 問題緣于缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 rise vi. 站起來(和arise可以互換)；升起(常指有形的東西)；(價(jià)格， 消費(fèi)等)上漲4、 She rose /arose from her seat to greet her guests. 她起身向客人打招呼。 rise為不及物動(dòng)詞， 作“上升”解時(shí)， 常用于日、月、煙霧、水汽、氣溫、物價(jià)、水位等， 它還作“起床”解。The sun rises in the east. 太陽從東方升起。rise against 起義， 反抗rise to ones feet 起身， 站起來 rise to the bait 上鉤raise v提高， 增大， 提升；喚起， 引起；征集， 籌集；養(yǎng)育， 飼養(yǎng)；提出 The landlord raised my rent. 房東增加了我的租金。 The way the research was carried out raises doubts about the results. 進(jìn)行研究的方法引起了對(duì)結(jié)果的懷疑。They are going to raise funds for the school building. 他們準(zhǔn)備為建?；I集資金。They are proud to have raised such a good son. 他們?yōu)轲B(yǎng)育了這樣一個(gè)好兒子而感到自豪。She raised a very important question at the meeting. 在會(huì)議上她提出了一個(gè)很重要的問題。 用arise, rise, raise的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Low achievement at school often arises from poverty and bad social conditions. 2. The university is working to raise the number of students from state schools. 3. When a conflict arises in the workplace, you should repair the relationship as quickly as possible. 4. In 1956 the river rose to a height of more than 6 meters. 5、blame vt. 責(zé)怪， 歸咎； n. 過失， 責(zé)備 be to blame 應(yīng)受責(zé)備；應(yīng)為承擔(dān)責(zé)任Which driver was to blame for the accident?哪位司機(jī)是此次事故的肇事者？ blame sth. on sb. 把怪到頭上They blamed the failure of the action on George. 他們把此次行動(dòng)失敗歸咎于喬治。take/bear the blame for 承擔(dān)責(zé)任dont blame me (勸阻別人時(shí)說)別怪我 Call her if you like, but dont blame me if shes angry. 你想給她打電話就打吧，不過要是她生氣就別怪我。 漢譯英。1. 那次交通事故不應(yīng)該責(zé)怪司機(jī)。 The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. 2. 公司準(zhǔn)備對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情承擔(dān)責(zé)任。 The company is ready to take the blame for what had happened. 3. 如果有人該承擔(dān)責(zé)任，那就是我。 If anyones to blame, its me. 6、employ vt. 雇傭He was employed in a bank. 他在一家銀行任職。 利用be employed in doing sth. 從事于，忙于(做某事)How do you employ your spare time?你怎樣利用你的閑暇時(shí)間？ employment n. 雇傭be in/out of employment 有工作/失業(yè) unemployed adj. 無工作的the unemployed 失業(yè)者 unemployment n. 失業(yè)employ, hire與rent employ意為“雇用”， 其對(duì)象通常是表示人的詞語。它常常構(gòu)成搭配employ sb. as， employ sb. in sth. ；此外， employ還可用來表示“利用(某人或某物)”， 如時(shí)間， 注意力等。The factory employs two hundred people. 工廠雇用了200人。hire則表示短期或臨時(shí)性的“租用， 雇用， 雇請(qǐng)”， 其對(duì)象可以是人或物。Can I hire a car for three days?我能租輛車用3天嗎？rent通常表示長(zhǎng)期的“租借， 出租”， 其對(duì)象一般是房屋、土地、機(jī)器等。此外， rent還可用作名詞， 意為“租金”。 for rent 出租，招租We dont own our house; we rent it. 我們自己沒有房子， 這是租來的。完成句子。1. 已雇來一些人處理積壓的工作。 A number of people have been employed to deal with the backlog of work. 2. 她忙著把要做的所有工作列一個(gè)清單。 She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done. 3. 政府在力求達(dá)到全面就業(yè)。The government is aiming at full employment. 用rent, hire, employ的適當(dāng)形式填空。4. Many visitors hire bikes to travel around the small island. 5. Whats the rent of this car?6. The company tried to rent this farmland for ten years. 7. She hired/employed three persons to paint the fence for her. 8. The rent for the apartment is$80 a month. defend, protect與guard 這三個(gè)詞都有“保護(hù)， 使安全”之意， 也都常用于defend/protect/guardagainst/from結(jié)構(gòu)中。defend意為“保衛(wèi)， 捍衛(wèi)”， 指抵抗或防御外來的威脅、攻擊；它還可表示在法庭上或理論上進(jìn)行辯護(hù)。 The people defended the town against the foreign invaders. 人民保衛(wèi)城鎮(zhèn)， 抵抗外國(guó)侵略者。7、protect意為“保護(hù)”， 指的是采取措施以保障某人或某物的安全， 以免受到危險(xiǎn)或損害、傷害等。 He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun. 他戴一副墨鏡以保護(hù)眼睛不受陽光的刺激。guard意為“守衛(wèi)， 警戒， 看守”， 目的是維護(hù)安全， 防備危險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生。 The gate is guarded by soldiers; you cant go without a pass. 大門由士兵們把守，你沒有通行證過不去。用defend, protect與guard的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Our armies are determined to defend our great motherland. 2. We should do something practical to protect the river from pollution. 3. Two different soldiers guard the gate twentyfour hours every day. 4. He had a good lawyer to defend him. 8、in favour of 支持， 贊同 All of us are in favour of the proposal that our school uniform should be made to our own taste. 我們都贊成校服應(yīng)依據(jù)我們的品位去做的提議。 ask a favour of sb. 求某人幫一個(gè)忙，求某人做某事 do sb. a favour / do sth. as a favour 幫某人一個(gè)忙，給某人做件事be in / out of favour (with)受寵/失寵；得到/不受偏愛find / gain / win favour 受到贊許/得到贊同lose favour 不再受支持，失去支持owe sb. a favour 欠某人一個(gè)人情in favour of贊成；主張in ones favour對(duì)某人有利用favour的有關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Would you please do me a favour and turn down the radio?2. Are you in favour of my plan that we go climbing this weekend?3. Young and beautiful teachers are in favour in middle schools. 4. I want to ask a favour of you. Will you lend me your car?5. I think we are out of favour with them. We have not been asked to any of their parties this year. 9、respect vt. 尊重，尊敬 respect oneself自重 Mr. Brown is respected by everyone. 人人都敬重布朗先生。 They respected the artists last wishes and burned his letters. 他們尊重這位藝術(shù)家的最后遺愿， 燒掉了他的信件。 n. 尊敬；重視；可以與for連用；敬意，問候(pl.)；方面 win/earn/gain the respect of 贏得的尊重 in one respect/some respects/every respect在某個(gè)/某些/所有方面give/send ones respects 問候pay ones respects 拜訪in respect of 關(guān)于，有關(guān)with respect to關(guān)于，談到 respectful adj. 尊敬(別人)的，有禮貌的 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的，德高望重的根據(jù)括號(hào)里的提示完成句子。1. You should learn to respect others choices (尊重別人的選擇). 2. My parents are respectable (受人尊敬的) people. 3. Others wont respect you if you dont respect yourself (自重). 4. We were brought up to be respectful of authority (尊重權(quán)威)10、stand out(from) 突出，引人注目，卓越，杰出His height makes him stand out in the crowd. 他身材高大， 在人群中很引人注目。stand短語 stand for 表示，代表，象征 stand up 站起來 stand up for 維護(hù)；為站起來(說話) stand with sb. 與(某人)想法一致 stand by 支持；等候 stand against背靠站立完成句子。她的工作成績(jī)比其他人好。Her work stands out from the rest. 11、load (1) n. 負(fù)載，負(fù)擔(dān)The branch was broken by the load of snow on it. 樹枝被積雪壓斷了。take a load off減輕負(fù)擔(dān)I did so in order to take a load off my mothers mind. 我這樣做是為了減輕母親的思想負(fù)擔(dān)。with a full load滿載The plane took off with a full load. 飛機(jī)滿載起飛。a load of/loads of許多，大量Shes got loads of friends. 她有很多朋友。 (2) vt. 裝上，使負(fù)擔(dān)load sth. with sth. The workers loaded the truck with coal. 工人們把這輛卡車裝滿了煤。完成句子。1. The ship is loaded with goods (裝滿了貨物). 2. The student takes a parttime job (in order) to reduce his familys load (為了減輕家庭的負(fù)擔(dān)). 3. The plane with a load of food and medicine/loaded with food and medicine (載滿食品和藥品) will fly to the flooded area. 4. He wrote loads of letters (很多很多的信) to people. 12、warn (1)vt. 警告， 告誡 warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人注意某事 The newspaper warns the public of the danger of smoking. 報(bào)紙?zhí)嵝压娮⒁馕鼰煹奈：Α?warn sb. against doing sth. warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事 warn sb. 從句I have warned him that it is not allowed. 我曾警告過他， 這是不被允許的。(2) warning adj. 警告的， 預(yù)告的；n. 警戒He gave me a warning look. 他向我使了一個(gè)警告的眼色。完成句子。1. 我警告他們不要在這樣薄的冰上溜冰。I warned them not to go skating on such thin ice. 2. 他提醒我人群中有扒手。He warned me that there were pickpockets in the crowd. 3. 有人已事先告訴過我要出什么事。I have been warned what to expect. 4. 她被警告說如果她再這樣做就會(huì)丟掉工作。 She was warned that if she did it again she would lose her job. 5. 他無視我的警告。He paid no attention to my warnings. 13、In the end, it came down to a choice between Paris and London. (P23) 最后的結(jié)果是在巴黎和倫敦之間作出選擇。 betweenand在與之間 Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Austria and Italy. 瑞士位于法國(guó)、德國(guó)、奧地利和意大利之間。 in between 在之間 The house was near a park but there was a road in between. 房子在一處公園附近，但兩者之間隔著一條馬路。漢譯英。1. 這是你和我之間的秘密。 I will keep the secret between you and me. 2. 今天上午我們有兩節(jié)課， 課間有些休息時(shí)間。 We have two lessons this morning, but theres some free time in between. 14、Since Princess Dianas death in 1997, a lot of peoples attitudes have changed(P24) 由于1997年戴安娜王妃的死，許多人的態(tài)度都改變了attitude n. 看法， 態(tài)度；常與介詞to或towards連用。 In order to change attitudes to/towards employing women, the government is bringing in new laws. 為了改變對(duì)雇用婦女的態(tài)度， 政府設(shè)立了新的法律。漢譯英。1. 你對(duì)這種想法抱什么態(tài)度？ Whats your attitude to this idea？2. 我不喜歡他那不友好的態(tài)度。 I dont like his unfriendly attitude. ()1. (2010福建卷) Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised D根據(jù)上文所用時(shí)態(tài)，下文應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在范疇的時(shí)態(tài)，排除A、B兩個(gè)答案，再考慮語態(tài)，選D。 Reforms have_been_demanded_by people from all over the world.(P22)()2. (2010江蘇卷)The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabledA現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。 At the last minute, he jumped out of the truck，hurting_his_ankle(P28)