2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪 語(yǔ)法專題10 數(shù)詞和主謂一致02 譯林牛津版高考預(yù)練1、Such poets as Shakespeare widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand Aare；are Bis；is Care；is Dis：are答案：A解析：考查主謂一致。主句中的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為poets,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，其后的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為some of whose works，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)是復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。2、一When shall we restart our business? 一Not until we our plan Awill finish Bare finishing Care to finish Dhave finished答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。在狀語(yǔ)從句中，經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái)完成時(shí)。此處為until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，選D。意為“直到我們完成我們的計(jì)劃，我們才重新開(kāi)始我們的生意。”3、The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try答案：Bw解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式。句中l(wèi)isten和try not to miss為同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。又動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故選B。4、Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you Awill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected答案：D 解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句中you與expect存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示應(yīng)是過(guò)去你被期盼做的事，故應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí)，正確答案為D。5、If you have a job， yourself to it and finally youll succeed Ado devote Bdont devote Cdevoting Dnot devoting答案：A解析：考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)及“祈使句+and+將來(lái)時(shí)句子”的固定搭配。此處應(yīng)是祈使句，又有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)要借助助動(dòng)詞do，故選A。句意為：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功?！?、Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office Asince Bthat Cwhen Duntil 答案：C解析：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為：“因?yàn)榻煌ㄗ枞?dāng)她到達(dá)辦公室時(shí)已經(jīng)是午休的時(shí)間了?！保蚀颂帒?yīng)為when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故正確答案為C。7、He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.A. order B. arrange C. take D. book答案：D. 考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞意義。句意：他打電話給旅行社預(yù)定三張去倫敦的機(jī)票。解析：book和tickets搭配，是“訂票”的意思。8、Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?Sure. ?A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want答案：C. 考點(diǎn)：考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意：勞駕，你能幫幫我嗎？好的，什么事？解析：第一個(gè)人詢問(wèn)是否可以幫忙，從第二個(gè)人的回答sure，可以知道他愿意，接著問(wèn)，具體是什么事，用What is it？意思是“什么事？”。9、James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A. room B. area C. field D. position答案：A. 考點(diǎn)：考查名詞意義和用法。句意：詹姆斯把雜志從小桌子上拿下了，目的是為電視騰出空間。解析：make room for是固定搭配，意思是“為讓空”的意思，其中的room是不可數(shù)名詞。10、We on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest.A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked答案：B. 考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們?cè)谶@項(xiàng)工程上一直工作了四個(gè)小時(shí)了。咱們休息一會(huì)。解析：從句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for four hours和后面的句子Lets have a rest可知，動(dòng)作從過(guò)去發(fā)生，到說(shuō)話的時(shí)候一直在進(jìn)行著，所以此處要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 1（xx陜西高考）The basketball coach，as well as his team，_ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.AwereBwas Cis Dare2（xx湖南高考）All the scientific evidence _ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health.Ashow；are Bshows；areCshow；is Dshows；is3（xx安徽高考）The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which _ saved for other purposes.Ais BareCwas Dwere4（xx湖南高考）Onethird of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people.Ais；are Bis；isCare；are Dare；is5（xx江蘇高考）The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.Asuggest BsuggestsCsuggested Dsuggesting6（xx安徽皖南八校第二次聯(lián)考）It is either he or you _in charge of the project and supposed to finish it punctually.Awho is Bthat isCwho are Dwhich are7（xx云南昆明摸底調(diào)研）The girl found the Tshirt sold online was_that in the supermarket.Aas half cheap as Bcheap as half asCthe half price of Dhalf the price of8（xx北京東城第二次聯(lián)考）The basketball coach，as well as his team，_ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.Awere BwasCis Dare9（xx四川南充月考）The driver，_ the passengers，_ responsible for the accident.Amore than；are Brather than；isCother than；were Dless than；was10（xx陜西西安月考）My sister，as well as her classmates who _late for class，_criticized by Mr Hunt.Awere ；was Bwas；wereCwas；was Dwere；were11（xx河南開(kāi)封模擬）_ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.ATwo fifth；is BTwo fifths；areCTwo fifth；are DTwo fifths；is12Everyone，men and women，old and young _ sports and games.Ais enjoy Bwere enjoyingCenjoys Denjoy13Mayor as well as volunteer workers _ the newlybuilt stadium.Ais cleaning Bare cleaningCwere cleaning Dhave cleaned14Many a student _ something about Abraham Lincoln.Ahave known BknowsCis known Dare known15The public _ the best judge because the public always _ their thoughts.Aare；express Bis；expressCis；expresses Dare；expresses16The family as well as their dog _ on the roof by the flood.Awas trapped BtrappedCwere trapped Dtrapping17Cattle _ well in the country market at present，according to the evening news.Asell BsellsCis being sold Dwill be sold18All the furniture in my office _ made in Hong Kong.Ais BareCwere D had been19Every means _to prevent the water from _.Aare used；polluting Bget used；pollutionCis used；polluted Dhas been used；being polluted20Is it he or you _ in charge of the job?Awho is Bthat isCwho are Dwhom are21I think Class One _ to win because Class One _ all football lovers.Ais likely；are Bare likely；areCis likely；is Dare likely；is22Britain _ many other industrialized countries，_ major changes over the last 100 years.Atogether with；have experiencedBas well as；have experiencedCin mon with；has experiencedDinstead of；has experienced23Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes_ sent to the disasterhit area since the powerful earthquake occurred.Ahas been Bhave beenCis being Dare being24What the children in the mountain village need _ good books.Ais BareChave Dhas25A teacher of English and head teacher _ us something about volunteer workers.Aare telling Bis tellingCare given Dwere given26Nothing but several glasses _ bought by my father the day before yesterday.Awas BwereChave been Dwould be27（xx廣西桂林中學(xué)模擬）Its said that _ of the students _ absent.Athreefifth；are Bthreefifths；isCthirdfifth；is Dthreefifths；are28（xx湖南湘中名校聯(lián)考）Not Jack，but you and I _to blame for the accident.We were so careless.Aam BisCare Dshould29（xx湖南湘中名校聯(lián)考）What a lot of money！Is it meant for me?Yes，darling.If you get full marks in the exam，youll have _ that.Amore than twice than Bmore than twice as much asCtwice as much than Das much twice as30（xx湖南重點(diǎn)中學(xué)月考）More than one doctor _ involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.Awere BwasCare Dis31（xx吉林油田高中摸底）The girl sitting by the window is the only one of the students who _ from the countryside in our class.Awas BwereCis Dare32（xx寧夏銀川一中二次月考）Did you go to the show last night?Yeah.Every boy and every girl in the area _ invited.Awere BwasChas been Dhave been參考答案 1Bas well as 連接兩個(gè)并列的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)其前面的名詞來(lái)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。句意：由于出色的表現(xiàn)，比賽結(jié)束不久，這位籃球教練和他的隊(duì)員們接受了采訪。由句意可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過(guò)去，故選B項(xiàng)。2D第一個(gè)空的主語(yǔ)為不可數(shù)名詞evidence，故其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)shows；第二個(gè)空的主語(yǔ)為use，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。句意：所有的科學(xué)證據(jù)都表明農(nóng)業(yè)中對(duì)化學(xué)品日益增長(zhǎng)的使用正損害我們的身體健康。故D項(xiàng)正確。3D句意：這家工廠用了65%的原材料，剩余的被作為它用。raw materials是先行詞，which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，the rest作主語(yǔ)；the rest作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)由其后的名詞而定，而whichraw materials，所以謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由主句中的時(shí)態(tài)可知，從句中要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故選D項(xiàng)。4A“國(guó)家三分之一的領(lǐng)土”在概念上是單數(shù)，故系動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；而 “國(guó)家公民的大多數(shù)”是復(fù)數(shù)，故系動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。句意：這個(gè)國(guó)家三分之一的領(lǐng)土被樹(shù)木覆蓋且多數(shù)公民為黑人。故選A項(xiàng)。5B句意：目前許多人仍然在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙的事實(shí)表明我們需要開(kāi)展一場(chǎng)全國(guó)范圍的運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)提高人們對(duì)吸煙危險(xiǎn)性的認(rèn)識(shí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語(yǔ)是the fact，其后的that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句，因此主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，結(jié)合上下文時(shí)態(tài)可確定，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。6Ceither.or.連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和臨近的主語(yǔ)一致。先行詞是you，故用are。7D句意：這個(gè)女孩發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)上賣的T恤衫是超市里賣的價(jià)格的一半。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)有三種方式：1）倍數(shù)asadj./adv.as被比對(duì)象，這一句型中，如果形容詞修飾一單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，那么要把形容詞提到冠詞的前面來(lái)，即：倍數(shù)asadj.a/an單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞as被比對(duì)象；2）倍數(shù)形容詞或者副詞的比較級(jí)than被比對(duì)象；3）倍數(shù)thesize/width/depth/length/heightof被比對(duì)象。這里考查的是第三種形式。8Bas well as連接的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和前面的主語(yǔ)一致。這里和the basketball coach一致，而且是過(guò)去時(shí)，故選B項(xiàng)。9B句意：是這個(gè)司機(jī)而不是乘客應(yīng)為此次事故負(fù)責(zé)。名詞rather than另一名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與第一個(gè)名詞取得人稱和數(shù)的一致。故B項(xiàng)正確。10A第一個(gè)空為定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，修飾先行詞classmates，為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；as well as 連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與第一個(gè)取得一致，因此第二個(gè)空要用單數(shù)形式。故只有A項(xiàng)正確。11D句意：那個(gè)地區(qū)五分之二的陸地都被綠樹(shù)草地所覆蓋。twofifths表示“五分之二”，分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要與of后的名詞取得一致。land為不可數(shù)名詞，故正確答案為D項(xiàng)。12C本句主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everyone，表示單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。因此選擇C項(xiàng)。13A名詞as well as 另一名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與前面的名詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致，此處mayor是單數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。14B主語(yǔ)many a student 意思是復(fù)數(shù)，形式是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。15B前一個(gè)public（公眾）表示的是集體、整體，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。后一個(gè)public表示的是個(gè)體，即公眾中每個(gè)成員，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。因此B項(xiàng)正確。16C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，句子缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。as well as 當(dāng)作介詞使用，后面的成分不能作主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是the family，在這里指的是一家人，側(cè)重個(gè)體成員，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。人是被洪水困住的，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：那家人還有他們養(yǎng)的狗都被洪水困在了屋頂。17A有些集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)以復(fù)數(shù)看待。這類名詞有people，cattle，police等。 故此處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故A項(xiàng)正確。18A此處furniture作主語(yǔ)，為不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。19D本題考查單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。這一類動(dòng)詞有means，works，species等。句意：（政府）用盡一切辦法來(lái)阻止水受污染。20C此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)了主語(yǔ) he or you，根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 that/who其他”，首先排除D項(xiàng)；謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)所強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)he or you確定，or連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)采用就近一致原則，因此根據(jù)you確定謂語(yǔ)為are。21A前一個(gè)Class One是“一班”，指集體，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式；后一個(gè)Class One指一班的同學(xué)們，指所有個(gè)體，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。22Cin mon with意為“和一樣”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)跟前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。句意：與其他工業(yè)化國(guó)家一樣，英國(guó)在過(guò)去100年里經(jīng)歷了重大的變化。 A、B兩項(xiàng)第一空together with，as well as意思及用法與in mon with類似，均錯(cuò)在第二空；D項(xiàng)instead of “而不是”，不合句意。23A這里的主語(yǔ)是some necessary equipment，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為since過(guò)去時(shí)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用完成時(shí)。 24Bwhat 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)后面的名詞的數(shù)來(lái)決定，此處要用非第三人稱單數(shù)形式。25B句意：一位英語(yǔ)老師兼班主任正在給我們講有關(guān)志愿者的一些事情。句中and 連接的teacher和head teacher共用一個(gè)不定冠詞，說(shuō)明是同一個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。26A此處是由but連接的nothing和several glasses放在主語(yǔ)的位置上，真正的主語(yǔ)是nothing，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。27D五分之三的正確表達(dá)為“threefifths”，分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)of名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與of后的名詞取得一致。此處指students，故D項(xiàng)正確。28Cnot.but.作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與but后的名詞取得一致，and連接兩個(gè)并列的不同概念的名詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故此處選擇C項(xiàng)。29BA倍數(shù)as原級(jí)asB或者A倍數(shù)比較級(jí)thanB，故此處只有B項(xiàng)正確。30Bmore than one單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，且根據(jù)句中took可知要用過(guò)去時(shí)，故只有B項(xiàng)正確。31C句意：坐在窗邊的這個(gè)女孩是我們班唯一一個(gè)來(lái)自農(nóng)村的學(xué)生。此處為定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致。先行詞為one，而不是students，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，且時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故只有C項(xiàng)正確。32Bevery單數(shù)名詞andevery單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，根據(jù)第一句話中的“did”可知時(shí)態(tài)要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故B項(xiàng)正確。