必修三 Module 2 Developing andDeveloped Countries語言點用法過關(guān)語言點用法過關(guān)1.measure vt.測定;評估;測量;權(quán)衡 linking v.(指尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等)量度為 n.尺寸;措施教材原句教材原句 What does the Human Development Index measure?人類發(fā)展指數(shù)是測量什么的?語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句填空單句填空The room measuring (measure) 10 metres across is large enough for a single man to live in.To lower the housing price, several measures (measure) have been adopted in the last two years.In the western mountains where there is plenty of rainfall, trees are extremely tall, some measuring (measure) over 80 meters.I want you to measure (measure) me for a new suit語段填空語段填空Much to my sadness, I have to wear the coats made to my own measure(按照我自己的尺寸)because Im getting fatter nowadays.Although I knowbeauty shouldn t be measured by (以來衡量)a good shape, it s time for me to take measures to lose weight (采取措施減肥).用法點撥用法點撥(1)measure sb./sth.測量的尺寸measure the importance of sth. 估量某事的重要性(2)measurelinking v.(指尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等)量度為measure 10 meters 長度為10米(3)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事take measures against pollution 采取措施防止污染make.to ones measure 依照某人的尺寸做【點津】【點津】(1)measure作名詞表示“措施”時,常在短語中用復數(shù)形式。(2)measure表示“某物有多長(寬、高)”時,其后接表示事物長(寬、高)的度量名詞,不用于被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài);如果表示此意義的短語用作后置定語,要用v.-ing形式。2.position n.位置;姿勢;地位;職位;處境;立場教材原句教材原句The UK is in the thirteenth position,while China is in the middle of the list.英國排在第13位,而中國排在名單的中游。語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用選詞填空選詞填空(position/state/condition/situation)Faced with failure, it is the most important for us to keep up a good state of mind.What we have here is a crisis situation.Let us suppose that you are in the position of a parent. Would you allow your child to do such a thing?Everyone believes that the new railway line to be opened in two months will greatly improve the traffic conditions here.單句填空單句填空Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as impor-tant as sales skills.This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.When I know all the facts, Ill be in a position to advise (advise)you.完成句子完成句子One of the cups is out of position .Put it back in position .有只杯子位置不對,把它放在適當?shù)奈恢?。At present she holds the position of manager of the company.她現(xiàn)任公司經(jīng)理。用法點撥用法點撥in a.position處于地位/位置in/out of position在/不在恰當?shù)奈恢胋e in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金錢或權(quán)利而)能做某事hold a position of.擔任的職務(wù)take(up)(ones)position就位 state表示狀況、情況時,常用單數(shù)形式,固定搭配為in a.state/in the state of,指人或物在環(huán)境、外觀、心靈、健康等方面的情形或狀況condition表示“情況,情形,條件”,常指人或事物目前的情況,常用復數(shù)situation常與in連用,表示“處于一種的狀況”【辨析【辨析】3.figure n.數(shù)字;體形;人物;雕像;圖像 v.是重要部分;計算;認為教材原句教材原句Complete the chart with figures from the passage.用文章中的數(shù)字完成表格。 語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用賞句猜義賞句猜義寫出下列句中figure的詞性和含義。Recent figures indicate that inflation is rising.n.數(shù)字數(shù)字After a certain age,you have to work hard to keep your figure.n.體形體形She was frightened to see a figure in the dark. n.人影人影He was one of the greatest figures in history. n.人物人物I figure that different people like different things.v.認為認為語段填空語段填空Have you figured out how much the trip has cost?I havent figured on costing so much money.To be honest,if we don t figure in the tickets,I can t figure out what the money has been spent on.旅行花了多少費用你算出來沒有?我沒想到花了那么多錢。老實說,如果我們不把門票算進去,我弄不懂這些錢花在哪些東西上了。用法點撥用法點撥(1)check up the figure 核對一下這個數(shù)字a slim figure 苗條的身材a key figure 一個關(guān)鍵人物(2)figure out 計算;弄明白figure on 料想;打算figure in 把列入計算/考慮范圍figure that.認為【助記】【助記】1.make efforts努力教材原句教材原句 The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.報告顯示,我們正在進步,但是我們需要做出更大的努力。語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句改錯單句改錯Every effort is being made to dealing with the issues you raised at the last meeting. dealingdealFood safety is highly important, so the government spares effort to pre-vent food pollution. effort前加前加no完成句子完成句子We must spare no effort to solve/settle the traffic problems that have af-fected the economic development.我們必須不遺余力去解決影響經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的交通問題。To be admitted to a key university, all the students in Senior 3 are mak-ing every effort to study.為了考上重點大學,所有的高三學生都在盡一切努力學習。用法點撥用法點撥make efforts/an effort/every effort to do sth.盡一切努力做某事spare no effort不遺余力with(an)effort努力地without effort不費力地【聯(lián)想】【聯(lián)想】“盡一切努力做某事”的表達還有:try/do ones best to do sth. do all that sb. can to do sth. do what sb. can to do sth. 2.up to 直到;達到;到為止;忙于;勝任;由決定教材原句教材原句make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11 確保所有的孩子接受教育到11歲語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用賞句猜義賞句猜義寫出下列句中up to的含義。Up to now, we have been friends for many years.直到直到Shall we have red wine or white?Its up to you!由由決定決定We all agree that he is up to the position.勝任勝任What on earth are you up to?Stop it at once. 忙于忙于California condors are North Americas largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3 meters. 達到達到單句填空單句填空After his illness, Tom was no longer up to doing (do)the work.Up to now, the program has saved (save)thousands of children who would otherwise have died.用法點撥用法點撥up to now 到現(xiàn)在為止up to 50 students 多達50個學生be up to (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事Its up to you! 由你決定!be up to sb. to do sth. 由某人來決定做某事【聯(lián)想【聯(lián)想】含有up to的常用短語:add up to(總計),come up to(接近,走上去),look up to(敬仰,崇拜),live up to(達到,不辜負),wake up to(意識到),up to date(現(xiàn)代的,最新的),up to stan-dard(達到標準;合乎標準)3.be/get close to 靠近,接近教材原句教材原句Tourism is important to both of them,and they are both close to some of the most beautiful countryside in the region.對于兩個城市來說,旅游業(yè)都很重要,而且這兩個城市與該地區(qū)最美麗的一些鄉(xiāng)村靠近。語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用選詞填空選詞填空(close/closely/closed)We are close friends and live close to each other.So we often watch closefootball games together or stay at home looking at some famous picturesclosely with the door closed .我們是親密的朋友,而且住得很近。所以我們經(jīng)常在一起看實力很接近的足球賽或在家關(guān)上門仔細地看一些有名的圖畫。完成句子完成句子If the firms failed to make enough money, they would close down .如果這些公司不能夠賺足夠的錢的話,它們就會倒閉的。As the wonderful music party came to a close , all the audience stood up and applauded.當這場精彩的音樂會結(jié)束時,所有的觀眾都站起來鼓掌。用法點撥用法點撥be/get close to靠近,接近close down 工廠等停業(yè);倒閉bring.to a close 使結(jié)束come to a close 漸漸結(jié)束【辨析】【辨析】close/closely/closedclosev.“關(guān)閉”;adj.“實力接近的,嚴密的,親密的”;adv.“靠近”,作副詞時,主要指從距離上來說較近closelyadv.“密切地,緊緊地;仔細地”,主要指程度或關(guān)系的緊密closedadj.關(guān)著的,閉著的,停業(yè)的1.while教材原句教材原句Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首,而美國則排在第七。 語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句填空單句填空賞句猜義賞句猜義寫出下面while的詞義。Some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. 而而While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.雖然雖然/盡管盡管While Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little headto be a swimmer. 當當時時完成句子完成句子Lets go to the cinemathat ll take your mind off the problem for a while .我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍?那會讓你暫時不考慮這個問題的。It s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.決定我們生活的東西不是我們偶爾所做的事情而是那些我們自始至終所做的事情。用法點撥用法點撥(1)while 并列連詞,意為“而”,強調(diào)的是前后對比。(2)while意為“當時;在期間”時,引導時間狀語從句。(3)while意為“雖然,盡管”時,引導讓步狀語從句。(4)while作為名詞時,常構(gòu)成以下搭配:after a while不久;過一會兒all the while始終,一直for a while暫時;一會兒once in a while偶爾,間或2.be of+抽象名詞 教材原句教材原句Its an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age,and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertain-ment.這是大小和歷史相似的城鎮(zhèn)或城市之間的協(xié)議,它們有共同的特點,如旅游業(yè)、工業(yè)、文化和娛樂。語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句填空單句填空The book is of great value (valuable). Nothing can be enjoyed unless you digest it.Of all the books on the desk, none is of any use (useful) to us.The two children are of the same age, but of different heights (high).句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換While advertisements are of great help, I dont think we should entirely rely on them.While advertisements are very helpful , I don t think we should entirely rely on them.As for me, it is not when to do the task but how to do it that is very im-portant.As for me, it is not when to do the task but how to do it that is of great importance . 用法點撥用法點撥(1)be of后加表示度量、大小、顏色、類別等的抽象名詞,如 size, weight,height, depth, length, age, color, shape, kind, type等,名詞前常用a(n),the same,this,that,similar,different等詞修飾或說明。be of the same colour/size 顏色/大小相同be of different shapes 形狀不同(2)be of+抽象名詞=be+形容詞。常用的名詞有:use,importance,help,val-ue,benefit等。可用great,little,some,any,much等修飾。be of great importance=be very important