UNIT4TEENAGERS SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO CHOOSE THEIR OWN CLOTHES被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。被主動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者。動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者。如：如：Many studentsMany students studystudy EnglishEnglish.(.(主動語主動語態(tài)態(tài)) ) EnglishEnglish is studiedis studied by many studentsby many students. . ( (被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)) )被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) 助動詞助動詞be+be+過去分詞過去分詞 (be + done)(be + done)by many students.1.Many students study English.English is studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoes are madeby themin that factory.1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： is/are+過去分詞過去分詞They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.1. They bought a computer last term by them last term.2.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were +過去分詞過去分詞last year.Many trees were plantedA computerwas bought They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used the rooms for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.The rooms were used for resting by them.3.3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to be/will be+過去分詞過去分詞1.They will finish the work in ten days.by them in ten days.The workwill be finished2.Tom is going to clean the room tomorrow.The room is going to be cleanedby Tom tomorrow. We will hold a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be held by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk is going to be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4.4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞過去分詞1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Ginacan be taken good care of1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.5.5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)is / am / are + being 過去分詞過去分詞1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowby some workers now.The rooms are being painted2.He is watching TV.TVis being watched by him.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)1.We have made a keyby us.A keyhas been madeSuch books are written for children. 這些書是為兒童寫的。這些書是為兒童寫的。被動語態(tài)的用法被動語態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰.Its said / reported / + that 據(jù)說據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道Its reported that it will rain tomorrow. 據(jù)報(bào)道，明天會下雨。據(jù)報(bào)道，明天會下雨。 （2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，這時應(yīng)用）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，這時應(yīng)用by短語。短語。The cup was broken by David.（3）作客觀說明時，常采用一種被動語態(tài)句型）作客觀說明時，常采用一種被動語態(tài)句型.被動語態(tài)的幾種類型被動語態(tài)的幾種類型1.1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài)帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài). .（指物的賓語叫直接（指物的賓語叫直接賓語，指人的賓語叫間接賓語）賓語，指人的賓語叫間接賓語）如：如：1.He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. 2. I bought him a book. He was bought a book by me. A book was buoght for him by me. give me a book間間直直= give a book to me直直間間to: pass, give, show, bring for: make, buy, draw含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)-The radio was turned off (by me). 即即hear , watch , see , make , let ,這些詞在這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不加主動句中，其后的動詞不加to，但變被動，但變被動句時必須加句時必須加to. 1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.He was seento play basketball last Sunday.2.The boss makes him work for 10 hours.He is madeto work for 10 hours.3.3.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)4.過去分詞做后置定語，表示被動過去分詞做后置定語，表示被動a boy called Tom 一個叫一個叫Tom的男孩的男孩 a book bought yesterday 一本昨天買的書一本昨天買的書 5.過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)，表示被動過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)，表示被動 get/make/have sth done 使某物被使某物被 make me understood 使我被理解使我被理解/使人理解我使人理解我 have my hair cut 使我頭發(fā)被剪使我頭發(fā)被剪/請人給我剪頭請人給我剪頭不能用于被動語態(tài)的幾種情況不能用于被動語態(tài)的幾種情況填空（完成被動語態(tài)填空）填空（完成被動語態(tài)填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改為被動語態(tài)）（改為被動語態(tài)） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上）（同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . iscleanedwas given byPractice3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . （同上）（同上） English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now. 4. I have learned English for about two years. （同上）（同上） English _ _ _ for about two years. 5. They will read these story-books next month. （同上）（同上） These story-books _ _ _ next month. can be spokenhas been learnedwill be read5. Do you like the skirt ? It _ soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt6. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ? A. are you waiting B. did you wait C. were you waiting D. do you wait 7. _ to know Professor Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says 8. I want to sit at the table near the window. Sorry , _ already. A. it took B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken9. The letter _ three days ago and it_ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrivedC. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived10. He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday. A. is given B. will be given C. would have given D. would be given11. Water _ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed12. The birds _ fly away last Saturday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. were let to 13. A strange sound _ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard 14. A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates. A. sent to B. will sent to C. was sent to D. will be sent for 15. Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting. A. has been asked B. has been asked C. Have been asked D. have been asked16. Meat _ out in this shop . We can _ now. A. have been sold , get nothing B. has been sold , get nothing C. has been sold , get some D. have been sold , get some17. The new play _ in theatre now . Why dont you go in and see it ? A. is being shown B. is showing C. is shown D. shows18. Can you tell _ ? A. when did it happen B. when was it happened C. when it happened D. when it was happened 19. _ the job _ by Lucy or by John ? A. Has finished B. Has being finished C. Is finish D. Has been finished 1.Our school _in 2002.(開辦)2.The young trees must_ _ _ well. (照顧)3. _ this building_(建成)last year?4.The book _ _(寫)by him last year.5. The bridge _ _(不建造)in1989.6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _(舉行) in UK in 2012.was openedbe looked afterWas built was writtenwasnt builtbe held表格：被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時一般將來時一般將來時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being donebe going to/will be donehave/has been done