2019-2020年高考英語一輪 短文改錯、書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練（8）.（浙江卷）短文改錯（共10題；每小題1分，滿分10分）下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請再有錯誤的地方增加，刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及修改均僅限一詞； 2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。 例如： It was very nice to get your invitation to spendweekend with you. Luckily theI was pletely tree then, so Ill to say” yes". Ill arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p. m. amin Friday evening.on I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toysthan I did. There was one on particular Id always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasnt looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know, Id done something wrong. Lateon, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave It back. She knows what had happened,but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.*結(jié)束(xx武漢供題三)請根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一篇短文。Should a city try to preserve its old，historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern buildings？Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.注意：無須寫標(biāo)題，除詩歌外，文體不限；文中不得透漏個人姓名和學(xué)校名稱；詞數(shù)為120左右。_參考范文One possible version：Some people believe that a city should destroy its old，historic buildings and replace them with modern ones.Others，me included，have an opposite opinion that a city should try to preserve its old，historic buildings.The reasons are as follows.First of all，historic buildings are symbols of cities.Without these historic buildings，a lot of cities would lose their cultural image or even their identity.Besides，historic buildings benefit the tourism industry.Moreover，historic buildings serve as an important resource for historical education.For instance，the Forbidden City is one of the most visited historic buildings in China.Not only are people impressed by its traditional architecture，but they also gain rich knowledge about the lifestyles of ancient Chinese emperors in the Ming and Tsing Dynasties.In conclusion，preserving these buildings is definitely necessary.*結(jié)束 短文改錯Traffic jam is very serious problem in big city especially during rush hours. It can cause lots of trouble. First, people must have to spend longer time getting to our destinations. It was said that much of the lateness for work is caused by traffic jam. Second, wait in the car for a long time can easy put drivers in a bad mood which may lead to more accidents. Also, traffic jam cause serious air pollution. But it is necessary to deal with this problem.In my opinion, the government should develop public transport. It should be cheaper and more convenient and fortable. Besides, we should use public transport as much as possibly. Its better to share cars during rush hours. In a word, we should take any possible measures to reduce the use of cars.參考答案：SocauseseasilywaitingistheircitiesaTraffic jam is very serious problem in big city especially during rush hours. It can cause lots of trouble. First, people must have to spend longer time getting to our destinations. It was said that much of the lateness for work is caused by traffic jam. Second, wait in the car for a long time can easy put drivers in a bad mood which may lead to more accidents. Also, traffic jam cause serious air pollution. But it is necessary to deal with this problem.*結(jié)束 (2)(25 min.)(xx師大附中月考)請你簡要概述圖中所述新聞事件，并針對路人的反應(yīng)發(fā)表自己的看法，如果你是在場的路人之一，你會怎么做？ _參考范文One possible version：Since 13th Oct., xx, China has been captivated by the distressing case of twoyearold girl Xiao Yueyue, who was coldly ignored by passersby as she lay bleeding in the street after being struck by a delivery van. Video shared widely across social media documented the incident in horrifying detail, including at least 18 people walking past Xiao Yueyues body without so much as a glance. In my eyes, those 18 people have shamed the whole of China. Owing to the new plexities of Chinese social life, people had lost their reverence for life and felt indifferent or even cold about life or death.Any one of us might bee the passerby at the side of Xiao Yueyue. If I were one of them, I would stop, move her out of the center of the road, or extend a hand of fort, carrying her away from danger. Everybody should examine his own conscience: if we were in the same situation next time, how could we help ourselves? Only by lifting a hand to help others, we save ourselves.*結(jié)束. 你班李明和王英同學(xué)在高三階段有不同的學(xué)習(xí)方法，請描述下列各圖，適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)使文章連貫，并談?wù)勀愕目捶?。Li Ming and Wang Ying are two students of Senior Three They both work hard but they have different learning methods _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 參考范文Li Ming and Wang Ying are two students of Senior Three. They both work hard but they have different learning methods. Li Ming often sleeps in class instead of listening to the teacher. As a result, he misses lots of points that the teacher makes and it usually takes him more time to finish his home- work. So he has to stay up late and doesnt get enough sleep. However, Wang Ying has quite a different way of learning. She listens attentively and tries to catch everything that the teacher says in class. Because of this, she spends less time doing her homework, which makes it posible for her to go to bed early.In my opinion, Wang Ying learns more effectively in class and has more free time to enjoy herself, so I prefer her learning method.*.(典型題)*結(jié)束高考英語書面表達(dá)指導(dǎo)書面表達(dá)寫作指導(dǎo)書面表達(dá)是綜合性強、難度大的題目。但是,當(dāng)我們深入研究后就不難發(fā)現(xiàn),書面表達(dá)實質(zhì)上就是組詞成句、聯(lián)句成篇的一項系統(tǒng)工程。只要我們抓好詞、句、段這三個環(huán)節(jié),加強縮寫、改寫、仿寫等練習(xí),由簡到繁、由易到難,一環(huán)扣一環(huán)地進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,由模仿到活用,由操練到交際,就能使語言知識逐步轉(zhuǎn)化成語言交際能力。 (一)選詞詞是語言的最小組成單位,不同詞性的詞組合在一起構(gòu)成句子。因此,要充分利用課文中出現(xiàn)的重點單詞、詞組、句型,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和識記單詞的能力。 1.注意一詞多義的應(yīng)用。如time一詞,在Times have changed中指“時代”;在six times the size of mine中指“倍數(shù)”;在in slow time中指“拍子”。切忌在寫文章下筆時,一詞濫用,似是而非。 2.結(jié)合英語構(gòu)詞法,同義反義比較,名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)詞義的區(qū)別,加強對英語詞形變化的理解,擴充詞匯量。 3.巧用過渡詞,增強文章邏輯性。為了使所寫短文通順,連貫得體,句子與句子之間過渡自然,提高所寫短文的質(zhì)量,適當(dāng)加上一些表示時間順序、遞進(jìn)、因果、條件、讓步等關(guān)系的過渡詞是很有必要的。常見的過渡詞有:(1)表時間順序的過渡詞:first,second,third,and then,finally,before,after a few days,at last,at that time,later,in the past,immediately,in the meanwhile等等。 (2)表空間順序的過渡詞:near(to),far(from),in the front of,beside,behind,beyond,above,below,to the right,to the left,on one side,on the other side of,outside等等。 (3)表并列的過渡詞:also,and,then,too,as well(as)等等。 (4)表轉(zhuǎn)折的過渡詞:but,yet,however,in spite of,otherwise等等。(5)表遞進(jìn)的過渡詞:what s more,besides,what s worse,in addition,furthermore,moreover,again等等。 (6)表目的的過渡詞:for this reason,for this purpose,so that;in order that,so as to,in order to等等。(7)表因果的過渡詞:because,since,so,as a result,therefore,thus,as等等。 (8)表解釋說明的過渡詞:for example,in fact,in this case,for,actually等等。 (9)表條件的過渡詞:as long as,so long as,on condition that,if,unless等等。 (10)表讓步的過渡詞:though,as,even ifthough,who(what,when,where)ever等等。 (11)表總結(jié)的過渡詞:in brief,as has been stated,in a word等等。 (12)過渡性插入語:I think,I m afraid,you know,as we all know等等。 (二)造句句子是表達(dá)一個較完整意思的最小單位,所以遣詞造句的能力在英語寫作中是非常重要的,是書面表達(dá)成敗的關(guān)鍵。因此,加強造句訓(xùn)練就顯得尤其重要。1.連詞成句:這是最基本的一種訓(xùn)練形式。 如:(1)father,for you,new,will buy,says,a bike可連成Father says,“I will buy a new bike for you.”(2)me,all right,write and tell,this will be,please,whether可連成Please write and tell me whether this will be all right.2.充分利用教材中特有的句型、句式、語法造句。 (1)句型、句式可使句子表達(dá)簡潔、準(zhǔn)確,提高文章檔次。 It s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.“對某人來講,做某事是”。如:It s difficult for a child to do the job without help.It s no gooduse.doing sth.做某事沒好處用處It s no use giving him any more money.It is(has been)+時間+since.自從好長時間了 It is(has been) 5 years since he joined the army.It s not long before.不久 It will not be long before be es back.It iswas.who/that.強調(diào)句型It was yesterday that we visited the factory.It seems that.好像 It seems that she is happy./She seems happy.I dont thinkbelieveexpect(that).我認(rèn)為不 I dont think I know you.Will you please.?請好嗎?Will you please help me?Would you like sth.to do sth.?做好嗎?Would you like to have a cup of tea?(2)用主從復(fù)合句、分詞作狀語、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等用法,可使語言描繪更加生動,增強文章的情感性和感召力。如:What is more,it will bee necessary to build gates and walls,which will do harm to the appearance of a city.(NMET 2002書面表達(dá)參考答案片段)I don t know about others,but I used to work even at weekends,doing endless homework and at tending Classes as well.(NMET 2001書面表達(dá)參考答案片段)It s a small flat of 25 square meters,with a bedroom,a bathroom and a kitchen.(NMET 2003書面表達(dá)參考答案片段) How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well.(NMET 1998書面表達(dá)參考答案片段)(3)用句型替換練習(xí)增強語言的靈活性,拓寬表達(dá)空間。如:這孩子太小,還不到上學(xué)的年齡。The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is so young that he cant go to school.The boy is not old enough to go to school.我花了5元錢買這本書。 I spent five yuan on the book.I spent five yuan(in)buying the book.I paid five yuan for the book.I bought the book for five yuan.The book cost me five yuan.例句賞析下面是一些常用的精美句子,請注意它們在表達(dá)方面的特點。1.You go down the street,turn to the right,and then you ll see the post office on your right.析:幾個動詞的并列。你順著這條街,向右拐,右邊就是郵局。2.We arrived at the gate of the school,where we were warmly weled.析:關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 我們來到了校門口,受到了熱烈歡迎。3.Although we were a little tired,we were excited.析:although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。盡管我們有點累,我們?nèi)匀缓芨吲d。 4.The old lady was crossing the streets when a young man riding a bicycle rushed up and knocked her down.析:when表“此刻、那時”。 老婦人正穿過馬路,這時突然一個年輕人騎著自行車沖過來,把她撞倒了。5.She is a friend to her students as well as a teacher.析:as well as表“不但而且”。 她不但是學(xué)生的老師,而且是他們的朋友。 6.The library is quiet and there are a lot of books for us to refer to,which is helpful to our study.析:which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。圖書館里很安靜,有很多書供我們參考,這些書對我們的學(xué)習(xí)很有幫助。7.The living conditions have been improved greatly and the town is no longer what it used to be.析:現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。 生活條件大大提高,城鎮(zhèn)不再是原來的樣子。8.Every time I think of what happened to me a year ago,I feel I was to blame.析:every time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。 每次我想到一年前發(fā)生的事,我就感到我應(yīng)受到責(zé)備。9.They were not only strict in our studies but also strict with us.析:not only.but also.表“不但而且”。他們不但對我們的學(xué)習(xí)嚴(yán)格要求,而且對我們也很嚴(yán)格。 10.Great changes have taken place in Qingdao in the recent years.析:現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。 在最近的幾年中,青島發(fā)生了巨大的變化。11.Only when we know well both scientific knowledge and practical skills can we live happily and work wonderfully in the society in the ing future.析:only引導(dǎo)的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 只有我們掌握了更多的科學(xué)知識和實際技能,我們才能在未來的社會中生活幸福,工作順利。 12.The more I earned,the more difficulties I met with.析:the more.the more.表“越多越”。 我學(xué)的越多,遇到的困難也越多。 13.But the burden of work in class is so heavy that we have little time to do sports,which has left many of us in poor health.析:so.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。 但是,課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)太重以至于我們幾乎沒有時間進(jìn)行體育鍛煉,這使我們中很多人身體狀況不佳。 14.The day we were looking forward to came at lasta weeks military training began.析:定語從句的用法。 一周的軍訓(xùn)最終到來了,我們一直盼望著這一天。 15.One day on my way home from school,I saw an old woman standing by the roadside,with a heavy bag on her back.析:with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。 一天,我在放學(xué)回家的路上,看見一位老太太站在路邊,背上掛著一個沉重的包裹。 16.On the blackboard were large Chinese characters and English,saying “Wele to our school!”析:倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 在黑板上,用很大的漢語和英語寫著:“歡迎來我們的學(xué)校!”17.With great curiosity and excitement,we students of Senior 2 began our learning-from-peasant activities in Jiangjia Village,Bin Cheng Township,not far from Beijing.析:with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。 帶著興奮與好奇,我們高二學(xué)生去了離北京不遠(yuǎn)的濱城鎮(zhèn)姜家村開展向農(nóng)民學(xué)習(xí)的活動。 18.She is such an excellent teacher that we got so much from her,not only the knowledge but also kindness,diligence and appreciation for beauty.析:so.that及not only.but also.的用法。她是一位優(yōu)秀的教師,我們從她身上不僅學(xué)到了知識還學(xué)到了善良、勤奮和對美的鑒賞力。 19.Our English teacher Mrs.Zhang is an ordinary-looking,grey haired woman wearing a pair of glasses.析:wearing現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。 我們的英語老師張老師相貌平常,灰白頭發(fā),戴著一副眼鏡。 20.I am living with my parents at No.68 Jingqi Road and I am a student of Senior 2 at Jinan No.1 middle school.析:家庭住址的表示方法。 我同我的父母住在經(jīng)七路68號,是濟南市一中高二年級的學(xué)生。 21.Dong Hai is a newly-built city with a population of about three million,which covers an area of about 20 000 square kilometers facing the Yellow Sea in the east.析:which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。 東海市是一座新建城市,有人口近300萬,面積2萬余平方千米,東部面向黃海。 22.After he graduated from Beijing Engineering College in 1986,he was sent to Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the USA to study chemistry.析:after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。 他1986年畢業(yè)于北京工學(xué)院,后來到美國麻省理工學(xué)院深造,攻讀化學(xué)。23.The team members are required to get ready and others are required to watch and cheer for them.All the football lovers are wele to watch and coach.析:wele的用法。 足球隊員作好準(zhǔn)備,其他同學(xué)前往助戰(zhàn),歡迎足球愛好者參觀指導(dǎo)。 24.Those who would like to go are requested to put down their names on this sheet of paper and give eight yuan for the bus fare.析:who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句。 參加者需要登記,并交車費8元。 25.If you continue along Huangpu Road,youll find on your right the highest building in Binhai,the Friendship Hotel,which has 12 floors.析:if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。 如果你繼續(xù)沿著黃埔路向前,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)右邊是濱海市最高的12層建筑友誼大廈。26.Pollution is being more and more serious all over the world.析:注意比較級的用法。全世界污染越來越嚴(yán)重。 27.As everyone knows,smoking is harmful to our health.析:as引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 每個人都知道,吸煙有害健康。28.It is well-known that a teacher,as an engineer of human soul,plays a very important role in society.析:注意it作形式主語的用法。 眾所周知,教師作為人類靈魂的工程師,在社會中起著非常重要的作用。 29.Young as he is,he has been honoured as an advanced worker many times,for having got great achievements in his teaching.析:as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。 雖然他年輕,但由于他工作成績卓著,多次被評為先進(jìn)工作者。 30.On hearing that I failed in the contest,I could hardly hold back my tears.析:on與帶有動詞性意義的名詞或動名詞連用,表“一就”。 聽到我沒有贏得競賽，我忍不住流下眼淚。*結(jié)束