2021年高考英語真題試卷（全國乙）一、閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）（共4題；共30分）1.閱讀理解 The Biggest Stadiums in the WorldPeople have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989.Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927.Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, I960.Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922.Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927.（1）How many people could the Circus Maximus hold? A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About 150,000.D.About 250,000.（2）Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A.Michigan Stadium.B.Beaver Stadium.C.Ohio Stadium.D.Kyle Field.（3）What do the listed stadiums have in common? A.They host big games.B.They have become tourist attractionsC.They were built by Americans.D.They are favored by architects【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）A 【考點】細節(jié)理解題，時文廣告類 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了世界上最大的幾座體育館的相關信息。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。2.閱讀理解 When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座機)These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey （調(diào)查）.Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor （因素）-only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone （using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?（1）What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones? A.Their target users.B.Their wide popularity.C.Their major functions.D.Their complex design.（2）What does the underlined word "concede" in paragraph 3 mean? A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.（3）What can we say about Baby Boomers? A.They like smartphone games.B.They enjoy guessing callers' identity.C.They keep using landline phones.D.They are attached to their family.（4）What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph? A.It remains a family necessity.B.It will fall out of use some day.C.It may increase daily expenses.D.It is as important as the gas light.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）B 【考點】推理判斷題，詞義猜測題，社會現(xiàn)象類，說明文 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了澳大利亞人使用電話的情況。 【點評】本題考點涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3.閱讀理解 You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceansbetween 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, foreing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse," a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (來源)of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that' s part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (說明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic, "Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(傾倒)from a truck all at once.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.（1）What are Von Wong's artworks intended for? A.Beautifying the city he lives in.B.Introducing eco-friendly products.C.Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D.Reducing garbage on the beach.（2）Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3? A.To show the difficulty of their recycling.B.To explain why they are useful.C.To voice his views on modern art.D.To find a substitute for them.（3）What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers? A.Calming.B.DisturbingC.RefreshingD.Challenging.（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Artists' Opinions on Plastic SafetyB.Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC.Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD.Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D 【考點】主旨大意題，推理判斷題，科普環(huán)保類，記敘文 【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇記敘文，講述了 Von Wong 通過用塑料垃圾制成的大量雕塑，來表達了人類產(chǎn)生塑料垃圾會對環(huán)境造成影響，并希望人類能夠減少塑料垃圾的產(chǎn)生。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解 During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干擾)in his open office, he said, “That's why I have a membership at the coworking ce across the street so I can focus. "His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking ces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach worksThe researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分貝),70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however,the participants in the 70 decibels groupthose exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noisenot too loud and not total silencemay actually improve one's creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of "distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking ce or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions. （1）Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking ce? A.It helps him concentrate.B.It blocks out background noise.C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.D.It encourages face-to-face interactions.（2）Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability? A.Total silence.B.50 decibels.C.70 decibels.D.85 decibels.（3）What makes an open office unwelcome to many people? A.Personal privacy unprotected.B.Limited working ce.C.Restrictions on group discussion.D.Constant interruptions.（4）What can we infer about the author from the text? A.He's a news reporter.B.He's on office manager.C.He's a professional designer.D.He's a published writer.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D 【考點】推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題，科普環(huán)保類，說明文 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了共同辦公可以使人們更加集中經(jīng)理投入工作。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。二、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）（共1題；共10分）5.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. _, if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?", you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. _. it can bring in "I have this old, broken-down vehicle" or "I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back." It just opens up conversation. _? If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （講臺）.If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. _And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (贊揚)._. Just quickly tun around and say, "This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.A. How do you know the hostB. The first step is to go exploringC. If you ask the question "How did you get here?',D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersE. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayF. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talkingG. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most【答案】 B；C；F；E；G 【考點】七選五 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何讓自己在晚宴上變得有趣。 【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。三、語言知識運用 第一節(jié) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A 、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）（共1題；共30分）6.閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A 、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 1  Just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 2  of gratitude (感謝).My thoughts were soon 3 . We had a woman patient who was 4  from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 5 to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was    6   discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 7  the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 8  ,and was ready for discharge (出院)after four weeks.She was 9  for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her 10  at her recovery. As she was 11  she was eager to say 12  to each of us in the nursing team. When she 13  one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 14  to accept it, saying that we were all just 15  our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 16 : "Oh this isn't for the 17  I had. I take that as a 18 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.''And there you have it. To many people, 19 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 20  and should be rewarded.1. A. cleanerB. chemistC. nurseD. doctor2. A. gradesB. meaningsC. needsD. expectations3. A. brushed asideB. put to the testC. brought under discussionD. taken into account4. A. departingB. escapingC. retiringD. recovering5. A. attemptingB. choosingC. pausingD. promising6. A. eventuallyB. fortunatelyC. casuallyD. secretly7. A. assessingB. requiringC. formingD. proving8. A. slightlyB. accidentallyC. slowlyD. happily9. A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. sorrowfulD. fearful10. A. surpriseB. delightC. curiosityD. disappointment11. A. operatingB. thinkingC. hesitatingD. leaving12. A. sorryB. helloC. goodbyeD. yes13. A. reachedB. consultedC. introducedD. persuaded14. A. wishedB. pretendedC. failedD. refused15. A. enjoyingB. doingC. securingD. starting16. A. repeatedB. recitedC. repliedD. reported17. A. courageB. patienceC. dutyD. care18. A. goalB. givenC. pushD. greeting19. A. riskingB. changingC. savingD. building20. A. honourB. abilityC. openingD. extra【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）A；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）D；（15）B；（16）C；（17）D；（18）B；（19）C；（20）D； 【考點】記敘文，人物故事類 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己和醫(yī)療團隊給一位女病號治療的經(jīng)歷，闡釋了“在某些情況下，僅僅說聲謝謝是不夠的。”這句話。 【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。四、語言知識運用 第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)（共1題；共15分）7.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影響)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become _ (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _ (develop) of the local areas.Ecotourism has _ (it) origin with the environmental movement of 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.Due to _ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types _ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of _ (visit) the place. Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. Provide _ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. _(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (遠足) and accommodations aim _ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】 educated；development；its；until；the；of；visiting；financial；Activities；to have 【考點】語法填空 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了生態(tài)旅游的相關知識，包括起源，要求，類型以及目的等等。 【點評】考查語法填空，本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，名詞，代詞，連詞，冠詞，介詞，形容詞以及固定搭配等多個知識點的考查，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結(jié)合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。五、短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）（共1題；共10分）8.短文改錯 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1）每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That's our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!【答案】 Line 1: dishdishes Line2: tidyingtidy; whateverwhenever Line 3: benefit a lot doingbenefit a lot from doingLine 4: wasisLine 5: are 刪掉Line 6：mostmore ; mentallymentalLine 7: ourmy ; hopeshope【考點】短文改錯 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷，論述了做家務的益處。 （1）句意：我總是在飯后幫我父母洗盤子。dish，盤子，可數(shù)名詞，這里指洗全家的碗，應用復數(shù)形式，故答案為 dish改為dishes。 （2）句意：我還會給院子里的花澆水，必要時還會整理自己的臥室。tidy，整理，動詞， "water”與"tidy” 并列，都是一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語動詞，故答案為tidying改為tidy。 （3）句意：我還會給院子里的花澆水，必要時還會整理自己的臥室。此處應用whenever引導作時間狀語，無論什么時候，故答案為whatever改為whenever。 （4）句意：在我看來，學生可以從做一些家務中受益匪淺。benefit from，固定短語，“從.受益”，故答案為在 lot 后加from 。 （5）句意：首先，做家務有助于我們成為一個負責任的人。作者陳述的是一般事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是 doing housework ，因此be動詞用is，故答案為was改為is。 （6）句意：而且這讓我們的父母有更多的時間做他們想做的事，改善家庭關系。be like，“像”，結(jié)合句意，這里指喜歡的事情，可知去掉like前的are，故答案為 are 刪掉 。 （7）句意：除此之外，做家務可以是從學習中心理放松的一種形式。what's more，固定短語，“而且，除此之外”，故答案為most改為more。 （8）句意：除此之外，做家務可以是從學習中心理放松的一種形式。relaxation “放松”，是名詞，應用形容詞修飾，故答案為 mentally改為mental。 （9）句意：這就是我對家務的看法。上面談的是作者對家務的看法，我的，my，故答案為our改為my。 （10）句意：希望這能激發(fā)更多關于這個話題的思考！And后省略的是主語I，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，因此謂語動詞用原形，故答案為hopes改為hope。 【點評】考查短文改錯，本題考點涉及名詞，時態(tài)，連詞，介詞，形容詞，代詞，主謂一致以及固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，覆蓋面廣，綜合性強，難度較大，區(qū)分度高。六、書面表達（滿分25分）（共1題；共25分）9.書面表達 你校將舉辦英語演講比賽。請你以Be smart online learners 為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1）分析優(yōu)勢與不足:2）提出學習建議。注意：1）詞數(shù)100左右；2）題目和首句已為你寫好?！敬鸢浮緽e smart online learnersNetwork learning has increasingly become an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems. But being smart online learners has its advantages and disadvantages.First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizon. Besides, We can take the initiative in our study by ourselves without time and ce limit.Of course, these disadvantages are as follows.Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life. On the other hand, online learning itself has some imperfections, making it dificult for us n