專題六形容詞與副詞一、形容詞和副詞的語法功能一、形容詞和副詞的語法功能1. 形容詞的語法功能。形容詞的語法功能。功能功能說明說明例句例句定語定語名詞前或不定代詞名詞前或不定代詞后作定語后作定語Mr Wang is a funny teacher. 王老師是一位有趣的老師。王老師是一位有趣的老師。I have something important to say. 我有重要的事情要說。我有重要的事情要說。表語表語系動詞后作表語系動詞后作表語Its very cold today. 今天非常冷。今天非常冷。功能功能說明說明例句例句賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語補(bǔ)足語keep, make, leave等等動詞的賓語后作賓動詞的賓語后作賓語補(bǔ)足語語補(bǔ)足語Dont keep the window open. 別讓窗戶開著。別讓窗戶開著。Alice often makes us happy. 艾麗斯經(jīng)常讓我們高興。艾麗斯經(jīng)常讓我們高興。2. 副詞的語法功能。副詞的語法功能。作狀語作狀語用來修飾形容詞、副詞用來修飾形容詞、副詞, 常位于被修飾詞的前面常位于被修飾詞的前面; Bill is very tall. 比爾非常高。比爾非常高。修飾動詞時一般位于被修飾動詞時一般位于被修飾的動詞之后修飾的動詞之后He jumps high. 他跳得高。他跳得高。位于句首修飾整個句子位于句首修飾整個句子Luckily, he won the game. 幸運(yùn)的是幸運(yùn)的是, 他贏得了比賽。他贏得了比賽。作定語作定語 一般位于被修飾詞之后一般位于被修飾詞之后The boy there needs a pen. 那兒的男孩需要一支鋼筆。那兒的男孩需要一支鋼筆。作表語作表語 放在系動詞之后放在系動詞之后I must be off now. 現(xiàn)在我必須離開了?，F(xiàn)在我必須離開了。【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】1. The boy looked_ (sadness)because he didnt pass his maths exam. 2. Mom, Im very_ (thank)for all your love. 3. The storybook is very_(interest); Im very_ (interest)in it. 4. Running Man is a popular show these days. Some well-known stars challenge themselves_(brave)to finish all kinds of tasks in it. 5. I fell off the bike on my way to school. _(luck), I wasnt hurt. 答案答案: 1. sad2. thankful3. interesting; interested4. bravely5. Luckily二、形容詞與副詞的變化規(guī)則二、形容詞與副詞的變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則示例示例一致一致fast; early; high; hard; late; far; wide直接加直接加lycarefulcarefullyquietquietlydifferentdifferently變變le為為lypossiblepossiblyterribleterriblycomfortablecomfortablygentlegentlysimplesimply變變y為為ilyeasyeasily angryangrilynoisynoisily happyhappilyheavyheavilyhealthyhealthily去去e加加lytruetruly【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】1. Look! The children are flying kites_(happy)on the playground. 2. I was very sad that I did_(terrible)in the final exams. 3. The kids sat_(quiet)listening to their teacher. 4. I am_(true)sorry about it. 5. It rained_(heavy)last night. 答案答案: 1. happily2. terribly3. quietly4. truly5. heavily三、形容詞和副詞的級三、形容詞和副詞的級1. 原級句型。原級句型。句型句型例句例句(1)“as+形容詞原級形容詞原級+as”, 在否定在否定句中用句中用“not so. . . as”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)Lucy is not so tall as Lily. 露西不如莉莉高。露西不如莉莉高。(2)倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原級形容詞原級+asOur school is three times as big as theirs. 我們的學(xué)校是他們的三倍大。我們的學(xué)校是他們的三倍大。2. 比較級句型。比較級句型。用法用法例句例句(1)雙方比較雙方比較, 表示一方超過表示一方超過另一方時另一方時, 用用“比較級比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)China is larger than Italy. 中國比意大利大。中國比意大利大。(2)用于用于“l(fā)ess+原級原級+than”(注意此結(jié)構(gòu)不用于注意此結(jié)構(gòu)不用于單音節(jié)詞單音節(jié)詞)The book is less interesting than that one. 這本書不如那本書有趣。這本書不如那本書有趣。(3)倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+比較級比較級+thanThe box is three times bigger than that one. 這個箱子是那個的三倍大。這個箱子是那個的三倍大。用法用法例句例句(4)“比較級比較級+and+比較級比較級”表示表示“越來越越來越”O(jiān)ur country is becoming stronger and stronger. 我們的國家正變得越來越強(qiáng)大。我們的國家正變得越來越強(qiáng)大。(5)“the+比較級比較級, the+比較級比較級”表示表示“越越, 就越就越”The more, the better. 多多益善。多多益善。(6)the+比較級比較級+of the two+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)The taller of the two boys is my brother. 兩個男孩中兩個男孩中, 較高的那一個較高的那一個是我的哥哥。是我的哥哥。3. 最高級句型。最高級句型。用法用法例句例句(1)the+形容詞最高級形容詞最高級+名詞名詞+表示范圍的短語或從句表示范圍的短語或從句Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季節(jié)。春天是一年中最好的季節(jié)。(2)“one of the+最高級最高級+復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞名詞”表示表示“最最之一之一”Kobe is one of the best basketball players in NBA. 科比是科比是NBA最好最好的籃球運(yùn)動員之一。的籃球運(yùn)動員之一。【溫馨提示【溫馨提示】(1)修飾比較級常用的詞和短語主要有修飾比較級常用的詞和短語主要有: much, even, any, yet, far, a lot, a little, a bit, twice, five times, many times等。例如等。例如: Are you feeling any better today? 你今天感覺好些了嗎你今天感覺好些了嗎? He is ten years older than I. 他比我大十歲。他比我大十歲。He speaks Chinese a lot better than before. 他說中文比以前好多了。他說中文比以前好多了。(2)比較級要避免與自身進(jìn)行比較比較級要避免與自身進(jìn)行比較, 若比較的對象屬于同一范圍要用若比較的對象屬于同一范圍要用“比較級比較級+than any other+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞”或或“比較級比較級+than anyone/anybody/anything else”表示表示“比其他的任何比其他的任何都都”。例。例如如: Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class. 林濤比他班里的其他學(xué)生都高。林濤比他班里的其他學(xué)生都高。Jack studies harder than anyone else in his class. 杰克比班上其他的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)刻苦。杰克比班上其他的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)刻苦?！炯磳W(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】1. Emma looked after her pet dog_(careful)of all her friends. 2. I jumped_(high)than Bill in the sports meet last year. 3. Whose home is_(far)from school, Alices or Daisys? Alices, I think. 4. What a clear blue sky! Yes, I have never seen a_(beautiful)sky. 5. How are you feeling now? Im feeling much_(bad)than before. Take me to the hospital, please. 答案答案: 1. the most carefully2. higher3. farther 4. more beautiful5. worse