精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上2008-2013年專四語法句子結構成分真題集II. 句子成分【08年】57. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures were boring. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.B. Half his money was gone. D. He invited many his friends to the party.61. The following are all correct responses to "Who told the news to the teacher?" EXCEPTA. Jim did this. B. Jim did so. C. Jim did that. D. Jim did.63. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete " _ everybody came"?A. Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost64. In "How much do you think he earns?" how much is _ of the sentence.A. the subject B. the adverbial C. the object D. the complement65. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPTA. the man who has prepared the documents.B. the man who has been preparing the documents.C. the man who is preparing the documents.D. the man who willprepare the documents.57. D. 本題是今年專四試卷中出現(xiàn)的新題型，對英語專業(yè)同學的語法知識提出了一個更高的要求?？疾榈氖窍薅ㄔ~位置的用法。英語中的限定詞可分為前位限定詞、中位限定詞和后位限定詞，一個名詞前的限定詞只能按照前位、中位、后位的順序出現(xiàn)，其中兩個前位或兩個中位詞不能同時出現(xiàn)在同一個名詞前。many是后位限定詞，而his是中位限定詞，與限定詞排序規(guī)則有悖，故D為答案。A選項中all是前位，his是中位，符合規(guī)則；B中half是前位，his是中位限定詞；C中her是中位，few是后位限定詞。61. A. 對Who told the news to the teacher的標準回答是Jim did，即Jim did it的省略句。此外，還可以用其他代詞指代問句中出現(xiàn)的內容，so和that都可以指代前文中提到的內容，而this通常用于指代下文內容。63. D. 本題考查一般現(xiàn)在時的用法。在書報的標題、球賽現(xiàn)場報導、小說著作等的情況介紹常用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：The Bible says love of money is the root of all evil. 64. A. 考查倍數(shù)表達法。本題考查的就是倍數(shù)表達法中較為常見的一種：主語+謂語+倍數(shù)+the size/amount/length/width/depth/weight等抽象名詞+of：The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 其他幾種常見的倍數(shù)表達法有：主語+謂語+倍數(shù)+as+adj/adv+as；主語+謂語+倍數(shù)+adj/adv比較級+than；65. B. 考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。must作為情態(tài)動詞除了表示命令、必須等意思之外，還有表示肯定推測，可能會怎么樣的意思。A：你必須離開；C：你必須8點前到這兒；D：你必須按時完成閱讀作業(yè)。如上三個意思均為“肯定、必須”。B：你一定感到很累了。表示肯定的判斷，表示可能性，故選B?！?9年】62. "It seems that she was there at the conference." The sentence means thatA. she seems to be there at the conference.B. she seemed to be there at the conference.C. she seems to have been there at the conference.D. she seemed to being there at the conference.63. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete " _ everybody came"?A. Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost64. In "How much do you think he earns?" how much is _ of the sentence.A. the subject B. the adverbialC. the object D. the complement65. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPTA. the man who has prepared the documents.B. the man who has been preparing the documents.C. the man who is preparing the documents.D. the man who willprepare the documents.62. C題干的意思為“看上去她似乎去參加過會議了。”所以答案為C，在動詞不定式中采用完成時態(tài)來表示過去發(fā)生的事情。 63. B B選項中quite為程度副詞，需要修飾形容詞或者副詞，所以答案為B，其在語法上是不成立的。 64. C How much在句中作動詞earns的賓語，所以答案為C。 65. D該題考查動詞的-ing形式作伴隨定語的用法，其含有正在進行，或者一直持續(xù)進行的意思，所以答案為D，D答案表示將來含義。 【10年】51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase isA. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film "?A. before B. recently C. lately D. yet51 答案： D. 本題為句意理解題。句中的斜體字部分from excessive reading是眼睛紅的原因，故選D。句意：由于看書太多，她的眼睛紅了。Die fromFor the sake of : for the purpose ofAs well as: 表示比較For： in spite of/despite56. 答案. C. 本題為句意表達題。不定代詞each在句中可以作主語、賓語、定于和同位語，用作同位語時，each可以用在代詞之后。選項A、B、D均符合語法要求，故選C。Each they改為each of them61 答案. D. 本題為句子成分題。在Its no use waiting for her中，it為形式主語，句子真正的主語是動名詞短語waiting for her，故選D。A意為“賓語”，B意為“狀語”，C意為“補語”。62答案. C. 考查限定詞排序。限定詞的相互搭配關系為：前位+中位+后位。四個選項中，只有C中的Many his為“后位+中位”，不符合限定詞的相互搭配關系，故選C。63.答案. A. 本題為句子成分題。賓語后面加上一個詞或一個短語用來對賓語的特征、狀態(tài)等情況進行補充說明，這個成分稱之為賓語補足語。它和前面的賓語一起形成“復合賓語”，賓語和賓語補足語之間存在一種邏輯上的主謂關系。選項A中的manager和賓語John之間存在邏輯主謂關系，故為賓語補足語。而選項B、C、D中的動詞后面都是雙賓語。64.答案. D. 本題為句意表達題，考查的是副詞作狀語的用法。選項D中的yet用于否定句和疑問句，而原句為陳述句，故選D?！?1年】51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _ he was fifteen years ago.A. which B. whom C. who D. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon. B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again! D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn't win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, dont forget to return it to Tom, _?A. do you B. will you C. dont you D. wont you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING participle is used _.A. as a command B. as a condition C. for concession D. for emphasis56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主語從句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.62. In the sentence “The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning” the italicized word is used to modify _.A. the object B. the verb C. the subject D. the prepositional phrase64. The sentence that expresses OFFER is _.A. I'll get some drinks. What'll you have? B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name? D. Can you return the book next week?65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主謂關系)?A. Mr. Smith's passport has been issued.B. The visitor's arrival was reported in the news.C. John's travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children's stories.51.D 解析：本題考察定語從句的用法。關系代詞在定語從句中做表語時，無論指人還是指物，都只能用that，不用which，且that也可以省略。故選D。China is not the country (that) it was. Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. 。52.C 解析：本題考察幾句常用口語的交際功能。答案顯然是C。 53. A解析：本題考察四個介詞短語的用法，顯然選A。注意：B選項中的for all是一個復合介詞，意思是“盡管”，表示讓步。54. B 解析：本題考察反義疑問句的用法。我們知道，在否定的陳述句后面用will you?，故選B。55. D解析：本題考察現(xiàn)在分詞做定語的用法，故選D。 56. 解析：本題考察倍數(shù)表達法。答案是B。在英語中，兩倍的表達是twice，三倍以上才是three, four, five - times。57. A解析：本題考察習語結構not so much A as B（與其說是A，不容說是B）的用法。故選A。 58. C 解析：本題考察疑問詞的用法，四個選項中只有how much做賓語，故選C。 59. B 解析：本題考察another的用法，這個詞一般修飾單數(shù)名詞，但也可修飾表示一個整體的復數(shù)名詞。故選B60 D 解析：本題考察名詞從句用法，正確答案是D。在本句中的，It做形式主語，that引導的從句做真正的主語。62.C 解析：本題考察反身代詞的用法。題干中的himself顯然是強調主語the manager，故選C.64,A解析：本題考察幾句常用口語的交際功能。答案顯然是A。65.B解析：本題考察名詞所有格所表達的邏輯關系，正確答案是B，因為其他選項表示所屬關系?！?2年】51Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?ATwenty miles seems like a long walk to himBNo one except his supporters agree with himCNeither Julia nor I were going to the partyDFew students in my class are really lazy52Which of the following determiners(限定詞)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?Amany a Bfew Csuch Dthe next53Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代詞)is used as an appositive(同位語)?A，He promised himself rapid progressBThe manager herself will interview MaryCI have nothing to say for myselfDThey quarreled themselves red in the face55Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?ABy now she will be eating dinnerBI shall never do that againCMy brother will help you with the luggageDYou shall get a promotion56Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?AHow strange feelings they are!BHow dare you speak to me like that!CWhat noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?AWe never doubt that her brother is honestBThe problem is not who will go but who will stayCYou must give it back to whoever it belongs to。DIt is clear that the crime was done deliberately58which of the italicized parts functions as an object?AHe doesnt like the idea of my speaking at the meetingBIt is no use your pretending not to know the matterCMy parents strongly object to my going out alone at nightDHer falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip59All the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPTAShe bought herself a pair of new shoesBOnly one problem still remains-the foodCMy friends all understand and support meDShe liked her current job，teaching English60Which of the following best explains the meaning of“Shall we buy the tickets first”?AHe said that we were going to buy the tickets firstBHe requested that we buy the tickets firstCHe suggested that we buy the tickets firstDHe advised us to buy the tickets first61Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?AI got a job as soon as I left universityBAs there was no answer, I wrote againCYou must do the exercises as I show youDWealthy as he is，Mark is not a happy man62Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial?AAre you sure of Simon's disappearance?BThe man with a beard is talking to the manage.CEvery precaution was taken against the failure of the planDDespite the rain，everyone enjoyed the trip64Which of the following prepositional phrases is an adverbial of concession?AThey used the box for keeping treasuresBI stepped aside for her to get in firstCFor all that he seems to dislike me，I still like himDThe parents bought a birthday cake for their son65Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?APoultry are very expensive in the cityBNew machinery were introduced in the factoryCThe police are investigating the murder caseDThe militia were called out to rescue flood victims51. C. 當主語后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with,with ,like, rather than, together with , but , except, besides, ,including等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)由主語的單、復數(shù)而定。52. C. Many a 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞， few 修飾復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，the next 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，只有such既修飾單數(shù)名詞又修飾復數(shù)名詞。53. B One way to identify an appositive is to ask the question: could this phrase replace the word next to it? Does this phrase make the word next to it all but unnecessary?A 中himself 作 promise的賓語；B中herself 作the manager 的同位語，C中myself 作介詞for的賓語，D中themselves作quarreled的賓語。55. B Modal verb： A 意為現(xiàn)在她應該在用餐了， 表示推測， C，我哥哥會幫你拖行李的，表示將來時態(tài)，D, 你會升職的， 表示許諾，B， 我再也不會那么做了，Shall 表示意愿56. A Exclamative sentence: What + a/an + adj + n+S+P; What +adj+UN/N(pl.)+ S+P.How+adj/adv+S+P57. D Sentence elements: A 為object clause; B 為predicative clause;C為object clause， D為subject clause, it 是formal subject.58. D Sentence element: A為介詞短語修飾名詞，B是SUBJECT CLAUSE, C是OBJECT CLAUSE, D 是SUBJECT 59 A Sentence element ：A: SVOO. B中 the food是one problem的appositive, C,中all 是my friends 的appositive, D中teaching English 是her current job的appositive.60. C Modal verb: Shall we表示“征求意見”，A是陳述事實，B是提出請求 D是建議他人應該怎樣做，C suggest表示建議61. B Adverbial clause: A為Adverbial clause of time, B 為Adverbial clause of cause, C,為Adverbial clause of manner，D為Adverbial clause of concession62 D Sentence element: A: prepositional phrase as a predicative, B prepositional phrase as a post-attribute, C .as a subject complement, D,as an adverbial.64 C Sentence element： A表用途， B表目的，C for all that表讓步， D 表示對象65. B Collective noun: police, people, cattle, poultry, militia, 謂語動詞用復數(shù)，machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,謂語動詞動詞用單數(shù)【13年】 52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n)  _.  A. appositive (同位語)B. object C. adverbial D. complement.  53. Which of the following is a compound word (復合詞)?  _.  A. Nonsmoker.  B. Deadline.   C. Meanness.   D. Misfit.  54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?  _.  A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 oclock?  B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.   C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.   D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.  55. The following determiners(限定詞) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns   EXCEPT   _.    A. moreB. enough.C. many. D. such.  56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?  _.  A. She opened the door and quietly went in.  B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.  C. Think it over again and youll get an answer.   D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名詞替代詞)?  _.  A. Much.  B. Neither.  C. One.  D. Quarter.   58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT  _.  A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.  B. The President is coming to the UN next week. C. The school pupils will be home by now.  D. He is going to email me the necessary information.  59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?  _.  A. Politics are the art or science of government.  B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.  C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.  60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?  _.  A. The arrival of the tourists  B. The law of Newton  C. The occupation of the island  D. The plays of Oscar Wilde  61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?  _.  A. He is not the man to draw back.  B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.  C. Larry has a large family to support.  D. There is really nothing to fear.  62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?  _.  Let me drive you home, shall I? You will mind your own business!  Come and have dinner with us.  I wish you could stay behind.  64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. Its getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(動態(tài)動詞) EXCEPT  _.   A. remain. B. turn. C. write.    D. knock.  52. 解析：此題恐怕是最受爭議的題目了，有人認為選A，有人認為選D。根據(jù)English Grammar: A University Course一書，“The Subject Complement (主語補足語) is the obligatory constituent which follows a copular verb(系動詞) and which cannot be made subject in a passive clause: 比如Whos there? Its me/Its I. She became a tennis champion at a very early age. Feel free to ask questions!” 一般語法書也是這么說的，有的書上把這種情況下接的名詞叫做predicate noun/nominative,接的形容詞叫做predicate adjective。該書接著說“As well as be and seem, a wide range of verbs can be used to link the subject to its Complement; these add meanings of transition (become, get, go, grow, turn) and of perception (sound, smell, look) among others,” 比如I know it sounds stupid. The situation becomes even worse. 這些一般語法書也會提到，但是題目里的都不是這種現(xiàn)象，很多語法書對主語補語的介紹也就到此為止。好在這本書多介紹了一點，但情況很微妙。此書又說 More problematic is the constituent following other verbs that could be used intransitively with the same meaning, as in:Saint Ethelbert was born a Saxon princess. (she was born)He returned a broken man. (he returned)He died young. (he died)We shall consider such constituents as Complements on the strength of the possible paraphrase containing be (When he returned he was a broken man; When he died he was young).這部分恰好就是本題所代表的類型，但是從該書作者表述來看，他們也承認這樣的句子很不一般，不太容易輕易判定是否為主語補語，在本書里，作者認為可以看作是主語補語，因為大概可以改寫成含有系動詞be的句子，但作者的措辭顯然沒有那么肯定，有待商榷的意思。據(jù)此，本題可以選D，是主語補足語。53. 解析：首先要知道什么是復合詞。A compound is a word that consists of more than one free morpheme。所謂morpheme詞素是最小的音義結合體，其最大的特點是不能再被分割為更小的音義結合體。而free morpheme是指能獨立存在使用的詞素，bound morpheme則是必須依附于其他單位的詞素，比如前綴后綴屬于bound morpheme，如pre-，-ment，在單詞shipment里，ship就是free morpheme，-ment則是bound。因此四個選項里只有deadline是由兩個free morpheme構成（dead + line），其他三個都有Bound morpheme比如non, ness, mis-等。54.解析: subjunctive mood是指虛擬語氣，四個選項里只有A的insist屬于虛擬語氣用法，其中that從句里省略了should。55. 解析：限定詞的用法是近幾年專四的熱門考點，諸如some，many，both，all，each等用法究竟如何還是希望大家多翻閱語法書和詞典。這道題看似有點難度，也許你從來不知道哪個限定詞可以接名詞復數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，但好在備選項里每個單詞你都可以去接名詞試試就知道了，比如more money, more trees; enough money, enough trees; many money?, many trees; such big trees, such behavior.所以選C。56. 解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示遞進；只有B里的and表示對比。57.解析：估計不少學生看到名詞替代詞這個術語，一開始都嚇著了，因為壓根沒聽說過，不過對做這道題目倒無大礙，所謂名詞替代詞顧名思義就是指能代替名詞或名詞短語，避免重復的詞，英語里one, ones,(the)same等都是常見的。比如There are good films as well as bad ones.除此以外還有the kind, the sort，比如Slang disappears quickly, especially the juvenile sort.還有一些不定代詞等比如all, both, some, any enough, several, none, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, the other, others, another, either, neither等，比如Can you get me some nails? I need some. I dont want any more food. Ive had enough. 本題選D, quarter不是名詞替代詞。58. 解析：這道題目有點意思，既考查時態(tài)，又考查will的用法，A/B/D都是將來時的各種表達，唯獨C的will，看似是將來時標志，其實不然，因為和by now矛盾，這里will的用法是指you think something is true，表說話人自己的看法，比如That will be Tim coming home now; Ask anyone and they will tell you the same thing. 本題選C。59.解析：本題考查主謂一致（agreement/concord）。ten miles看作整體單數(shù)，mumps腮腺炎這個單詞就是以s結尾的，不可數(shù)名詞；furniture在英語里是不可數(shù)名詞；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治學(political science)，是不可數(shù)名詞，但這個用法主要是英式英語。此外，politics表示政治可以看作不可數(shù)名詞，也可以看作復數(shù)，比如Politics have always interested me. 本題選A。60. 解析：章振邦的書拿到手后果然發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的講解，基本就是原句。第五版的55頁，名詞屬格和of-詞組一節(jié)說：名詞屬格和of-詞組在意義和用法上有許多相同之處，比如the trunk of an elephant=an elephant's trunk，表示主謂關系有the arrival of the prime minister;表示動賓關系 the occupation of the Island;表來源 the law of Newton。因此據(jù)此本題選A。但我要吐槽的是先不說我手上其他參考書根本沒有講到，就這種主謂關系，動賓關系的說法我就不太同意，因為所謂詞組的主謂關系和動賓關系是漢語語法里的說法，英語里說主謂自然指的是句子，一個名詞短語何來主謂之說？61.解析：又是同位語？！四個選項的用法在大部分語法書里并沒有做進一步區(qū)分，都成為不定式的定語用法，修飾名詞。不過章振邦的書里又出現(xiàn)了這個，又是原句作為選項出現(xiàn)，章指出不定式作為名詞的后置修飾語時，不定式和名詞之間的搭配關系是主謂A中的the man draw back，也可以是C和D的動賓to fear nothing, to support family；有時候也是同為關系,比如urge(沖動)的內容就是指to tell a lie撒謊，故為同位語。我不得不吐槽，章很喜歡分析任何語法單位的結構，他在教師用書的第一部分也說本書語法體系是要貫徹層次分析法。62. 解析：花了點時間翻遍手頭各類語法和用法圖書，除了直接用動詞打頭，Do/Don't，You/其他喚名+動詞, let類型外，均沒有見到D的wish類型。說明：似乎只有章振邦的書上在情態(tài)動詞will一節(jié)提到B的屬于加強祈使句。我個人對此表示質疑。更常見的應該是You mind your own business。如果說You will mind your own business是祈使句，那么You will see him now豈不是也是祈使句？這顯然說不通。其實You will mind your own business要有祈使句功能，還跟語氣語調有很大關系，應該念成You WILL mind your own business! 而不是YOU will mind your own business. 出題人不嚴謹，死扣語法書，可見一斑。64. 解析：目前來看又要有爭議。很多人認為是B，而我之前說C，盡管C里的must是表示主觀必須（C只有前半句是fact，后半句談不上什么事實）。問題在于如何理解B的must。在English Grammar: A University Course一書里有一4節(jié)談到must的logical necessity用法問題，作者說在英式英語里有用must表示邏輯上的必定如此，盡管美國人更喜歡用have to。比如 If Jane is