必修四 Module 1 Life in the Future語言點(diǎn)用法過關(guān)語言點(diǎn)用法過關(guān)mand n.命令;指令 v.命令;指揮;控制教材原句教材原句 In the future all shopping will be done online,and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.將來所有的購物將會(huì)在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行,商品目錄將會(huì)有語音指令供人下訂單。語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用完成句子完成句子With the development of society, our country is badly in need of those With a good command of computer skills.隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,我們國家急需那些更好掌握電腦技術(shù)的人才。If you do not serve others, you cannot take command of them.不能服務(wù)他人者,無法指揮他人。I am at your command what would you like me to do?我聽從你的吩咐你想讓我干什么?句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換The boss commanded his workers not to leave their office before dark.The boss commanded that his workers should not leave their office before dark.用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥(1)in command of統(tǒng)率;指揮under the command of由統(tǒng)率/指揮at ones command 聽某人支配take command of控制;指揮have a good command of對掌握熟練;精通(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command that.命令【點(diǎn)津】【點(diǎn)津】command后接賓語從句時(shí),從句使用虛擬語氣,謂語動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。2.charge n.價(jià)錢;費(fèi)用v.收費(fèi);要價(jià)教材原句教材原句All forms of recreation.will be provided free of charge by the city.各種形式的娛樂都將由這個(gè)城市免費(fèi)提供。 語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用完成句子完成句子Sometimes, the entrance tickets are available free of charge from the u-niversity. 有時(shí)候從大學(xué)里可以弄到免費(fèi)的門票。Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the project?你知道琳達(dá)是否愿意負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目嗎?He was charged with murder, but the court found him innocent and he was released. 他被指控謀殺,但是法院發(fā)現(xiàn)他是無辜的就把他釋放了。句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換He was in charge of the shop while the manager was away.The shop was in the charge of him while the manager was away.She accused me of neglecting my duty.She charged me with neglecting my duty.用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥(1)free of charge(=for free)免費(fèi)in charge(of)主管;負(fù)責(zé);照顧in the charge of(=in ones charge)由某人負(fù)責(zé);由某人管理take charge of掌管;負(fù)責(zé);看管(2)charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人charge sb. (money)for. 向某人索取的費(fèi)用【點(diǎn)津】【點(diǎn)津】(1)in charge of“負(fù)責(zé),掌管”,主語通常為人,含主動(dòng)意義;in the charge of“由主管”,主語通常為物,含被動(dòng)意義。(2)charge表示“控告”時(shí),要用charge sb. with sth.,而如果用accuse一詞表達(dá)相同意義時(shí),則應(yīng)為accuse sb. of sth.。3.attach vt.系;把固定;認(rèn)為有(重要性)教材原句教材原句Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.通過系在頭上的高科技照相機(jī),行動(dòng)不便的老年人和身體有殘疾的人就能周游世界。語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句填空單句填空 Being attached (attach) to a famous university, even to this key middle school, is a great honour.There was a nice little present for everyone, with a suitable poem at-tached (attach) to it.More and more people are beginning to attach importance to living (live)a low-carbon life.完成句子完成句子You always attach yourself to people who end up hurting you.你總是依附那些最后會(huì)傷害你的人。The old man is very attached to old customs and habits.這個(gè)老人非常依戀舊的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥(1)attach.to.把附在上;把固定到上attach oneself to sb./sth. (有時(shí)指不受歡迎或未受邀請而)依附某人/參加某事attach importance/significance to認(rèn)為重要(2)attached adj.附屬的,依戀的,愛慕的be attached to依戀;愛慕;留戀;附屬于【點(diǎn)津】【點(diǎn)津】attach.to.中的to是介詞。4.shape vt.造成形狀;塑造 n.形狀;體形教材原句教材原句“By the year 2000,housewives will probably have a robot shaped like a box.”“到2000年時(shí),家庭主婦可能會(huì)有一個(gè)形狀像盒子的機(jī)器人”語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句填空單句填空Every struggle in your life has shaped you into the person you are today.Be thankful for the hard time; they can only make you stronger.A new road, shaped (shape)like an L, is being built in our town.完成句子完成句子Look!The front part of the car is now totally out of shape due to the crash.看!因?yàn)樽曹?這輛車的前部現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全變形了。用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥(1)shape.into.把加工/塑造成be shaped like形狀像(2)in shape在形狀上;處于良好狀態(tài);健康be in bad shape情況處于混亂狀態(tài);健康狀況不佳out of shape變/走樣;不成樣子;身體不舒服,生病in the shape of呈的形狀take shape 使成形,形成5.alternative adj.替換的;供選擇的教材原句教材原句We will also have to rely more on alternative energy,such as solar and wind power.我們也將不得不更依靠可替代性能源,如太陽能和風(fēng)能。語境應(yīng)用詞匯升級詞匯升級用高級詞匯替換加黑單詞。I have found another solution to the problem.alternativeI had no choice but to make every effort to learn a foreign language.alternative單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)There is no alternative for us but take immediate action to stop pollution.在在but后加后加to寫作微練寫作微練為了取得更大的進(jìn)步,我們不得不充分利用好業(yè)余時(shí)間。(2015重慶,寫作一)In order to make more progress, we have no choice but to make full use of spare time .(choice) can do nothing but make full use of spare time .(can do nothing) have no alternative but to make full use of spare time .(alternative) cant help but make full use of spare time .(cant help)用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥(1)have no alternative but to do sth. 別無選擇只好做某事Theres no alternative(for sb.)but to do.(對某人來說)別無選擇只好做an alternative to.的替代品(2)alternatively adv.可供選擇地【聯(lián)想【聯(lián)想】“別無選擇只好做某事”的其他表達(dá):have no choice but to do sth. Cant do sth. but do sth. can do nothing but do sth. can t help but do sth. 1.run out (某物)用完,耗盡;沒有了教材原句教材原句 In the future,care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resources run out .在未來,愛護(hù)環(huán)境將會(huì)很重要,因?yàn)榈厍虻淖匀毁Y源將瀕臨枯竭。語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句填空單句填空He ran after the girl for about two years but failed to win her heart.Last Sunday I ran across a copy of that English-Chinese dictionary in a second-hand bookstore.If you run into any problem when you arrive at the airport, give me a ring.The poor dog was run over by a taxi.Seeing the owner of the shop, the boy ran away .選詞填空選詞填空(run out/run out of/use up/give out)We had just reached the motorway when the petrol gave out/ran out/was used up .We cant use up/run out of all the natural energy with nothing left to our offspring.His strength gave out/ran out after he ran that long distance.用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥run across偶然遇見run after追求,追趕run away突然離開,逃離run into sb. 撞上/偶然遇見某人run into sth. 遭遇(困難/問題/惡劣天氣等)run over碾過,軋過run out不及物動(dòng)詞短語,主語是物。同義短語:give outrun out of及物動(dòng)詞短語,主語是人。同義短語:use up【辨析【辨析】2.rely on/upon 依靠;依賴教材原句教材原句We will also have to rely more on alternative energy,such as solar and wind power.我們也將不得不更多地依賴可替代能源,如太陽能和風(fēng)能。 語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用單句填空單句填空While advertisements are of great help, I dont think we should entirely (entire) rely on them.He is the first person you can think of to rely (rely) on, for he is always willing to help out whoever is in trouble.You may rely on it that Jack will come and help us if we are in trouble.We have every reason to believe the print media are usually more accu-rate and reliable (rely) than the Internet.寫作微練寫作微練當(dāng)今,父母為他們的獨(dú)生子女做所有的事情,這使得這些獨(dú)生子女非常依賴他們的父母。Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on their parents very much .用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥(1)rely on sb./sth. to do sth.=rely on sb./sth. doing sth. 依靠某人/某物做某事rely on it that.指望;相信(2)reliable adj.可靠的,可信賴的reliably adv.可靠地reliability n.可靠【點(diǎn)津】【點(diǎn)津】在“rely on it+that從句”中,it是形式賓語,真正的賓語是后面的that從句。與此類似的有depend on/see to it+that從句;appreciate it+if從句;like/hate it+when從句等。1.too.to.教材原句教材原句Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future!我現(xiàn)在忙于享受我的生活,無暇為未來擔(dān)憂! 語境應(yīng)用語境應(yīng)用完成句子完成句子She was too excited to say a word when she heard the news.當(dāng)她聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)激動(dòng)地說不出話來。We were too anxious to get to know the result of the exam after finishing it.考完試后,我們十分不安,急于想知道考試結(jié)果。They are all too satisfied to go and do this work.他們都很樂意去做這項(xiàng)工作。句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換The door is so narrow that a car cant get through.The door is too narrow for a car to get through .用法點(diǎn)撥用法點(diǎn)撥too.to.意為“太而不能”,是一個(gè)表示否定意義的句型。(1)某些形容詞與“too.to.”連用時(shí),too(=very)表示肯定的意義。這些形容詞多為表示情感的詞,如glad,pleased,surprised,delighted,happy,easy,willing,ready,eager,anxious等。(2)如在too前加上only,but,all,simply或just時(shí),“too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)表示肯定意義,此時(shí)too帶有贊賞的感情色彩。(3)“too.to.”結(jié)構(gòu)和never,not等否定副詞連用時(shí),表示肯定意義,意為“無論也不過分,越越好”。