UNIT 3 一一.知識(shí)點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn) 1.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞形式被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞形式: be的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式+v-ed含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的: can/may/must/should be + v-ed 2.get/have + n./pron. + v-ed 叫叫/讓讓/請別人做某事請別人做某事(即使謀事被做即使謀事被做) 例例: I want to get my coat mended. 我要縫衣服我要縫衣服. 3.allow sb to do sth 允許某人做允許某人做 allow doing sth 允許做允許做 4.drive : 駕車駕車,駕駛駕駛. 驅(qū)趕驅(qū)趕,驅(qū)使驅(qū)使. 例例: What drives them to rob the shop? 什么驅(qū)使什么驅(qū)使他們?nèi)屔痰晁麄內(nèi)屔痰? 5.stupid silly foolish 三個(gè)詞都有三個(gè)詞都有“蠢蠢”的意思的意思.但略有不同但略有不同.stupid 程度最強(qiáng)程度最強(qiáng),指智力指智力 理解力理解力 學(xué)習(xí)能力差學(xué)習(xí)能力差. silly 指頭腦簡單指頭腦簡單,傻頭傻腦傻頭傻腦,使使人覺得可笑人覺得可笑,帶有感情色彩帶有感情色彩. foolish 尤其在口語中廣泛使用尤其在口語中廣泛使用. 例例: He is stupid in learning math. 他學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)很笨他學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)很笨. Stop asking such silly questions. 別再問這樣傻的問題了別再問這樣傻的問題了. You are foolish to throw away such a good chance. 你真蠢你真蠢,丟掉這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)丟掉這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì). 6.He doesnt seem to have many friends.=It seems that he doesnt have many friends. =He seems not to have many friends. 7.倒裝句倒裝句: So + be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語主語(前為肯定局前為肯定局) 表示與表示與前面所述事實(shí)一致前面所述事實(shí)一致. Neither/Nor + be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語主語(前為否定前為否定) 表示與前表示與前面所述事實(shí)一致面所述事實(shí)一致. 例例: He likes oranges. So do we. He doesnt like oranges. Neither do we. Tom can swim. So can John. Tom cant swim. Neither can John. So +主語主語+ be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 表示對前面事實(shí)的進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)表示對前面事實(shí)的進(jìn)一步確認(rèn). 例例: Henry is very tired. So he is.(的確是的確是) He surfed Internet for two hours. So he did.(的確是的確是) They will win the game. So they will.(他們會(huì)的他們會(huì)的) 8.until 用于肯定句中用于肯定句中,前面句子中的謂動(dòng)必須是延續(xù)性的前面句子中的謂動(dòng)必須是延續(xù)性的. 9.clean (v.) 打掃打掃,清理清理 clean up 比較徹底地打掃比較徹底地打掃,清理清理 clean out 打掃打掃,清理地最徹底清理地最徹底. 10.fail a test = fail in a test 考試不及格考試不及格 11.be strict with+人人. be strict in+事物事物. 例例: The head teacher is strict with his students He is strict in the work. 12.the other day 前幾天前幾天,不久前的一天不久前的一天.(用于過去時(shí)用于過去時(shí)) 13.concentrate on 全神貫注做全神貫注做 例例: This company concentrates on China market. 這這家公司把重點(diǎn)放在中國市場上家公司把重點(diǎn)放在中國市場上. 14. morethan與其說與其說不如說不如說; 比比更更 例例: The man is more stupid than nervous.與其說那人與其說那人緊張緊張,倒不如說他愚蠢倒不如說他愚蠢. 在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,more做做adj. 修飾名詞修飾名詞,表示表示“比比多多” 例例:I have more books than you. 我的書比你的多我的書比你的多. 15.volunteer n. 自愿者自愿者. v. volunteer to do sth. 自自愿做愿做 例例: We all volunteered to help in the old peoples home.我們都志愿到敬老院幫忙我們都志愿到敬老院幫忙. 16.chance 指僥幸的指僥幸的,偶爾的機(jī)會(huì)偶爾的機(jī)會(huì),還可表示還可表示“可能性可能性” opportunity 指有利的時(shí)機(jī)指有利的時(shí)機(jī),良機(jī)良機(jī). 二者有時(shí)可以互換二者有時(shí)可以互換. Have an opportunity to do sth 有做有做的機(jī)會(huì)的機(jī)會(huì). Dont be too frustrated. Youll have another opportunity to go to college next year. 別太沮喪了別太沮喪了,你還有上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)你還有上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì). 17. experience : 可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)體驗(yàn)” 例例: Please tell us something about your experiences.不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)驗(yàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)” 例例: He is a man of rich experience. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞“經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷” 例例: She experienced lots of suffering. 18. off 不工作不工作,不上班不上班,不上學(xué)不上學(xué),不值班不值班. 例例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息她今天休息. I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假下周我有三天假. 19. reply 與與 answer 兩者有時(shí)可通用兩者有時(shí)可通用. reply比比answer正正式式,一般指經(jīng)過思考的一般指經(jīng)過思考的.有針對性的有針對性的,詳細(xì)的回答詳細(xì)的回答,往往與往往與to連連用用.answer是一般用語是一般用語,可直接帶賓語可直接帶賓語. 另外另外answer還有還有“應(yīng)答應(yīng)答”之意之意.如如answer the door/telephone 20. get in the way (of). 妨礙妨礙. 例例: He never gets in others way. 他從不妨礙別人他從不妨礙別人. The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車放在那里會(huì)妨礙別人的自行車放在那里會(huì)妨礙別人的. 21. success (n.) successful (adj.) succeed (v.) 22. do does did 用在另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)用在另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞前表示強(qiáng)調(diào). 例例: He does speak well. 他真的講的很好他真的講的很好. Do be quiet. 務(wù)必安靜務(wù)必安靜. 23. in the end = finally = at last 最后最后. 24. importance (n.) important (adj.) 25. be serious about 對對熱忠熱忠/極感興趣極感興趣. 例例: Im serious about the problem. To tell you the truth, Im not serious about math at all. 26. only 處于句首處于句首,并后跟狀語時(shí)并后跟狀語時(shí),全句需要倒裝全句需要倒裝. 例例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那只有到那時(shí)時(shí),他才明白他才明白. Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有這樣我們才能把英語學(xué)好只有這樣我們才能把英語學(xué)好. Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 當(dāng)她到家時(shí)當(dāng)她到家時(shí),他才得知了這消息他才得知了這消息. 27. care about 關(guān)心關(guān)心,在乎在乎,在意在意. 例例: No one cares about others nowadays. 現(xiàn)在沒人關(guān)心別人現(xiàn)在沒人關(guān)心別人. I dont care about what he does. 我并不在我并不在意他干什么意他干什么. 28. clothes 統(tǒng)指身上穿的各種服裝統(tǒng)指身上穿的各種服裝,包括上衣包括上衣,褲褲子子,內(nèi)衣等內(nèi)衣等,做主語做主語,謂語動(dòng)詞按復(fù)數(shù)處理謂語動(dòng)詞按復(fù)數(shù)處理. clothing 不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞,是服裝的總稱是服裝的總稱,包括各種衣包括各種衣服服,帽子帽子,鞋襪等鞋襪等.做主語謂動(dòng)按單三處理做主語謂動(dòng)按單三處理. cloth 布料布料.二二.短語短語 1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干被允許干 allow sb to do sth 允許允許某人干某人干 allow doing sth 允許干允許干 2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16歲歲的孩子的孩子 3. part-time jobs 兼職工作兼職工作 4. a drivers license 駕照駕照 5. on weekends 在周末在周末 6. at that age 在那個(gè)年齡段在那個(gè)年齡段 7. on school nights 在上學(xué)期間的每個(gè)晚上在上學(xué)期間的每個(gè)晚上 8. clean up (相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞) 清掃清掃 9. stay up熬夜熬夜 10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格考試不及格 11. take the test 參加考試參加考試 12. the other day 前幾天前幾天 13. all my classmates 我所有的同學(xué)我所有的同學(xué) 14. in groups 成群的成群的,按組的按組的 15 concentrate on 全神貫注于全神貫注于 16. be good for 對對有益有益 17. get noisy 吵鬧吵鬧(系表結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)) 18. learn from 向某人學(xué)習(xí)向某人學(xué)習(xí) 19. at present 目前目前,現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 20. at least 至少至少 21.English-English dictionary 英英詞典英英詞典 22. have an opportunity to do sth 有做有做的機(jī)會(huì)的機(jī)會(huì) 23.eight hours sleep a night 每晚每晚8小時(shí)的睡眠小時(shí)的睡眠 24. an old peoples home 敬老院敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間干花費(fèi)時(shí)間干 26. primary schools 小學(xué)小學(xué) 27. haveoff 放假放假,休息休息 28. reply to 回答回答,答復(fù)答復(fù) 29. get in the way of 妨妨礙礙 30. a professional athlete 職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員 31. achieve ones dreams 實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想 32. think about 思考思考,考慮考慮 33. in the end 最后最后,終終于于 34. be serious about 對對熱忠熱忠/極感興趣極感興趣 35. spendon + n. spend (in) + v-ing 在在上花費(fèi)上花費(fèi)時(shí)間時(shí)間/金錢金錢 36. care about 關(guān)心關(guān)心,擔(dān)心擔(dān)心,在乎在乎 37. agree with 同同意意 三三.句子句子 1. I dont think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔歲的孩子穿耳孔. 2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他們他們聊天而不是做作業(yè)聊天而不是做作業(yè). 3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允允許他們熬到晚上許他們熬到晚上11點(diǎn)點(diǎn). 4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often. 我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類事我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類事情情. 5.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你認(rèn)為學(xué)校的哪些制度應(yīng)該改一改了你認(rèn)為學(xué)校的哪些制度應(yīng)該改一改了? 6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合. 7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了教室太臟了. 8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions? 9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢想的夢想 10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.應(yīng)該允許他們應(yīng)該允許他們對業(yè)余愛好想練多長時(shí)間就練多長時(shí)間對業(yè)余愛好想練多長時(shí)間就練多長時(shí)間. 11.We have nothing against running. 我們沒我們沒有理由反對他跑步有理由反對他跑步.