1(1)231.Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was.(SB U13)選擇吃什么東西不再像以前那么容易了。4what to do是“疑問詞+不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作賓語，另外這一結(jié)構(gòu)也可作主語、表語、定語等。例如：What to do next hasnt been decided yet.（主語）下一步該做什么還沒有決定。5The question is how to finish the work in time.（表語）問題是如何按時完成這項工作。The key with which to open the door has been lost.開這扇門的鑰匙不見了。（定語） All the students except John _(知道怎么回答這個問題), because he fell asleep in class.They exchange their views _(關(guān)于選誰的問題)Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects7【答案】knew how to answer the questionon the question of whom to electBto expect 充當(dāng)賓語。82. Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life. (SB U13)只有這樣我們才能作好充分準(zhǔn)備，以應(yīng)對生活中的挑戰(zhàn)與機遇。9(1)“only+狀語”置于句首時要用倒裝句。即：only+副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句助動詞主語謂語動詞(2)“only+主語”位于句首時，主謂不能倒裝。Only Mary phoned me today. 只有瑪麗今天給我打了電話。 _(只有改變我們的生活方式我們才能) save the earth. _(只有當(dāng)孩子長大時才) understand his parents intention. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.(2008江蘇卷)A. Only if; will youB. Only if; you willC. Unless; will youD. Unless; you will11【答案】Only by changing the way we live can weOnly when a child grows up does heA句意：只有正確飲食，你才能保持身材與健康。only+狀語位于句首時，句子用倒裝，此句為only+if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。123.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful. (SB U14)我們必須盡力使我們的社區(qū)更好更美麗。asas we can是一個比較狀語從句，意思為“盡可能，盡力”，情態(tài)動詞can后省略了動詞原形do。另外此結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式短語在句中作目的狀語。 We must _(盡可能多地做) to make the situation better.She saved as much as she could _ her husband a Christmas gift.A. buy B. boughtC. to buy D. buying 【答案】do as much as we canC題意：為了給丈夫買圣誕禮物，她盡可能節(jié)省錢。不定式作目的狀語。141.考綱要求考查的八種基本時態(tài)；2.主句與從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)；動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)153.動詞touch, feel, write, sell 等主動表示被動的用法；4.系動詞的用法；5.延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞的用法。16時態(tài)是謂語動詞所表示的動作或情況發(fā)生時的各種形式。英語一共有十六種時態(tài)，但常用的有八種。下面對八種常用時態(tài)的主要用法作歸納、對比：17一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1.一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時構(gòu)成：動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)須加-s或-es。（1）表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實及其他沒有時限的客觀存在。Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中國的東方。18（2）表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和always, often, frequently, seldom, sometimes, usually, every day/week/month，once (twice, several times) a week/month等狀語連用。He seldom goes out alone.他很少一個人外出。19（3）表示將來的行為。按規(guī)定或時間表預(yù)計要發(fā)生的動作，多用于arrive, go, come, meet, leave, begin, start, open, close等。The bus leaves at 8 oclock.這班公交車8點鐘離開。20在條件、時間和讓步狀語從句中。I wont go to see a film if he doesnt come tomorrow.如果他明天不來，我不去看電影。Even if it rains tomorrow, I will go out for a picnic.即使明天下雨，我也出去野餐。212.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時構(gòu)成：am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞（1）表示此時此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。Look! The children are flying the kites over there.看！孩子們正在那邊放風(fēng)箏。We are preparing for the meeting.我們正在準(zhǔn)備會議。22（2）表示最近計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動作（主要用于某些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的瞬間動詞,如go, start, take off, leave, return, come等）。 I am coming. 我來了。23(3)與副詞always, constantly, continually, forever, all the time等連用，帶有感情色彩，表示對頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動作的贊嘆、抱怨、生氣、批評或不耐煩等情緒。He is always thinking of others.(贊嘆)他總是為別人著想。24He is always asking his parents for money.（不滿）他老是向他父母要錢。She is constantly leaving her things about. （厭煩）她總是丟三落四。25(4)用于正在發(fā)展中的或正在改變的情況。 Technology is developing so rapidly that having been used for only a year, my cellphone is out-of-date.科技發(fā)展如此之快，我的手機僅用了一年就過時了。26注意：注意：表示心理活動、情感或所有關(guān)系的動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。如mind, think, believe, remember, know, love, hate, like, belong, have, own等。27一般將來時：有一般將來時：有6 6種表達(dá)方式種表達(dá)方式 （1）will/shall + do 表示將來的動作或狀態(tài),常與表示將來的時間狀語連用如：tomorrow(tomorrow evening/afternoon)/the day after tomorrow/next week/month 等。帶有情態(tài)的意思，常表示未事先考慮過，即說話時臨時作出的決定。28 Have you heard Jim was ill? Oh, sorry to hear that. Ill see him tonight.你聽說吉姆生病了嗎？哦，聽到這個消息很難過，今晚我去看他。29（2）表示趨向行為的動詞如come , go , start , begin , leave , stay , arrive等常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示按計劃或安排將來要發(fā)生的動作和狀態(tài)。The plane leaves at 6 oclock.飛機6點起飛。30（3）“be + doing”用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示按計劃和安排已準(zhǔn)備就緒將要發(fā)生的事情。When is he returning?他何時返回？（4）be going to do表示經(jīng)過事先考慮和計劃，而且已作了某種準(zhǔn)備，打算做某事。 Im going to visit her this weekend.這個周末我去看望她。31注意：注意：條件狀語從句表將來，主句中不能用be going to do。If it is fine, we are going to go camping. (錯誤)be going to 還可根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象，對未來進(jìn)行推斷。There are lots of dark clouds. Its going to rain.烏云密布，要下雨了。32（5）be to do表按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作，還可表命令、禁止、可能性、注定、許諾等。We are to meet at 8 oclock at the gate.我們將8點鐘在大門口會面。You are to tell the truth to the police.你應(yīng)該跟警察說真話。33注意：注意：對于不受人們意志控制的動作不能用be to do。He is to be fat. (錯誤)He is going to be fat. (正確)他發(fā)胖了。34（6）be (just) about to do=be on the point of doing表示“即將，就要”做的事，后面不能接時間狀語或狀語從句，但可和when, as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句連用。I was about to cook when someone knocked at the door.我正準(zhǔn)備去燒飯這時有人敲門。35一般過去時與過去進(jìn)行時一般過去時與過去進(jìn)行時1.一般過去時一般過去時構(gòu)成：動詞的過去式 (be was/were) ( do did)36（1）表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過去具體的時間狀語連用，如：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/month/year , ago, once, just now, the other day, in 1949/2008 等。The other day I ran into an old friend in the street.那天我在街上碰到了一個老朋友。37（2）表示過去發(fā)生的一連串的動作。 He got up, had breakfast and went to work.他起床，吃早餐，然后去上班。（3）Its (high/about) time (that)+主語+動詞的過去式Its time you studied.到學(xué)習(xí)的時間了。38（4） wish( that )+主語+動詞的過去式 （對現(xiàn)在的希望）I wish I were a bird . She wishes she had a big house.我希望我是一只鳥。她希望自己有一所大房子。39（5） would rather (that)+主語+動詞的過去式I would rather you came today/tomorrow.我寧愿你今天/明天來。402.過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時構(gòu)成：was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞（1）表示過去某一時刻或某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作或頻繁發(fā)生的動作。I was watching TV at 8 oclock yesterday evening.昨天晚上八點鐘我正在看電視。41（2）表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生。 While I was cooking, he fell asleep. 我在燒飯時，他睡著了。