UNIT 1UNIT 1THE WRITTEN WORDTHE WRITTEN WORD( (主題語(yǔ)境主題語(yǔ)境: :人與自我人與自我生活與學(xué)習(xí)生活與學(xué)習(xí)) )-3-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型1.desperate adj.鋌而走險(xiǎn)的,拼命的,絕望的;非常需要,渴望經(jīng)典例句 Stores are getting desperate after two years of poor sales.兩年來(lái)銷(xiāo)路不暢,商店不惜冒起險(xiǎn)來(lái)。(1)be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事be desperate for sth.渴望某物in desperate need of非常需要(2)desperately adv.絕望地;渴望地四維熱練(1)Judging from what he said and did,we can conclude that he is desperate fame.(2)After years of hard study,he is desperate (pass) the College Entrance Examination.(3)He (desperate)saw her disappear into the crowd.for to pass desperately -4-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型2.vain adj.虛榮的,自負(fù)的;徒勞的,無(wú)結(jié)果的經(jīng)典例句 He tried every means to get them to be quiet,but in vain.他嘗試用各種辦法讓他們安靜,但是都白費(fèi)了。(1)a vain attempt/effort 徒勞的嘗試/努力in vain徒勞地;無(wú)意義地try in vain to do sth.枉費(fèi)心機(jī)地試圖做某事(2)vainly adv.徒勞地-5-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)We to make him change his mind.我們想讓他改變主意,但都是白費(fèi)工夫。(2)All the polices efforts to find him were .警察想盡所有的辦法要找到他都是徒勞的。(3)They him to give up smoking.他們極力勸說(shuō)他戒煙,但枉費(fèi)了一番口舌。made a vain attempt in vain tried in vain to persuade -6-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型3.resist vi.& vt.反抗,抵制,抵擋經(jīng)典例句 Brooks is one of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.布魯克斯是沒(méi)能抵制住誘惑的作家之一。(1)resist sth./doing sth.抵制某事/做某事cant resist doing sth.忍不住做某事(2)resistance n.抵抗,反抗;抵抗力;耐性resistant adj.抵抗的;有抵抗力的be resistant to sth.對(duì)抵抗的-7-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)We are determined to stay and.我們決定留下來(lái)抵抗敵人。(2)Toms classmates his strange hairstyle.湯姆的同學(xué)們?nèi)滩蛔?duì)他奇怪的發(fā)型開(kāi)玩笑。(3)Quite a few people the temptation of money.很多人抵制不住金錢(qián)的誘惑。resist the enemy couldnt resist playing jokes on cant resist -8-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型4.rescue n.& vt.救援,營(yíng)救高考佳句 I work with Volunteers for Wildlife,a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.(2017全國(guó)卷,閱讀理解)我在一家野生動(dòng)物志愿者機(jī)構(gòu)工作,這是一家位于(長(zhǎng)島)蝗蟲(chóng)谷Bailey Arboretum的救援和教育機(jī)構(gòu)。(1)rescue sb.from.從營(yíng)救某人rescue sth.from.使某物免于come/go to sb.s rescue 前來(lái)/去救某人rescue workers救援人員(2)rescuer n.救援者-9-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)(rescue)the drowning boy to the bank,he left without being noticed.(2)He promised to come our rescue.(3)You rescued me an embarrassing situation.(4)“I had to jump in the water to get her,” the (rescue) said.Having rescued to from rescuer -10-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型5.reputation n.名譽(yù),名聲經(jīng)典例句 Although he is known to only a few people here,his reputation abroad is very great.雖然這里只有幾個(gè)人知道他,但他在國(guó)外的名氣卻很大。have a reputation of有名聲have a good/bad reputation for因而有好/壞名聲acquire/earn/gain/establish/build a reputation as sth.作為贏得/獲得/確立/樹(shù)立聲譽(yù)-11-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)They have reputation for providing a great riding experience.(2)Their reputation dependability influences managers evaluations of their work.(3)She soon acquired a reputation a first-class cook.a for as -12-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型1.bent on(doing)something決心做某事(通常指壞事)經(jīng)典例句 The reason why she is bent on becoming an actress is still unknown to us all.我們所有人都不知道她一心想成為演員的原因。表示“決心要做,決定做”的其他表達(dá)方式:decide to do sth.make a decision to do sth.make up ones mind to do sth.determine to do sth.be determined to do sth.-13-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)She life difficult for me.她似乎有意讓我的日子不好過(guò)。(2)He at all costs,which surprised all of us.他決心不惜一切代價(jià)爭(zhēng)取勝利,這使得我們都很吃驚。(3)One day,he gathered up all his strength and _attend a job interview.有一天,他做好充分準(zhǔn)備后,決定參加一個(gè)工作面試。seems bent on making was bent on winning decided to/made up his mind to/was determined to-14-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型2.live up to達(dá)到,符合(期望)經(jīng)典例句 The students performance lived up to our expectations.學(xué)生們的表現(xiàn)沒(méi)有辜負(fù)我們的期望。live on以為主食;靠為生;繼續(xù)存在live with與住在一起live through經(jīng)歷(艱難或險(xiǎn)境)live a.life過(guò)著的生活live by doing.靠做為生-15-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)I am sure that I can perfectlyyour expectations.我確信我會(huì)完全符合你的期望。(2)For a whole week we had to fish and chips.整整一個(gè)星期,我們只得以魚(yú)和薯?xiàng)l為主食。(3)Looking back,I dont know how I those years.回顧往事,我真不知道那些年是怎樣過(guò)來(lái)的。(4)The islanders ,so they value the waters around the island.島上的居民靠捕魚(yú)為生,因此他們重視這個(gè)島四周的水域。live up to live on lived through live by fishing -16-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型3.be intended to be/do something目的是作為某物,目的是做某事經(jīng)典例句 The ship was intended to take scientists to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea.(2016全國(guó)卷)這艘船計(jì)劃帶領(lǐng)科學(xué)家們到達(dá)南極威德?tīng)柡５淖钅隙?。intend doing sth.打算/想要做某事intend sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事be intended for為打算(或設(shè)計(jì))的intend sb.to be/as打算使(成為)四維熱練(1)The writer clearly intends his readers (identify) with the main character.(2)What is the California builders story (intend)to prove?to identify intended -17-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型1.By the end of the novel,Pip has changed a lot.到小說(shuō)結(jié)束時(shí),皮普變化了許多。(Page 3)介詞by可以用來(lái)表示方位、時(shí)間、手段等,其具體用法如下:(1)by+名詞。by+the+可數(shù)的時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、重量等名詞。意為“按計(jì)算;按買(mǎi)(賣(mài))”。by+表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、重量等總稱的不可數(shù)名詞(名詞前不加冠詞)。意為“按計(jì)算,按買(mǎi)(賣(mài))”。by+交通工具或交通方式名詞(名詞前不加冠詞,不變復(fù)數(shù))。意為“通過(guò);由;乘”。by+抽象名詞或具有抽象意義的普通名詞(名詞前不加冠詞,不變復(fù)數(shù))。意為“靠;通過(guò);由所致”。-18-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型by+地點(diǎn)或工具等具體名詞。表路線、途徑,意為“通過(guò)(某物、某地);取道”。by+動(dòng)詞-ing,意為“通過(guò);靠;憑”。by+地點(diǎn)名詞。表方位,意為“在旁邊”。by+時(shí)間名詞。意為“到時(shí)(已發(fā)生某事),最晚、不遲于,在之前”。by+身體部位名詞或衣服名詞。表示被抓住身體/衣物的某一部分,常與動(dòng)詞catch/seize/take/hold/grab等連用。(2)by的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ):by means of/by way of/by the way/by oneself/by birth/by society/learn.by heart/what do you mean by./by my watch等。-19-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)A teacher who wants to learn on-line teaching is expected to arrive.想學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)上教學(xué)的老師要在下午2點(diǎn)之前到達(dá)。(2)Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves,but ,the daughters returned to work in the family business.最終,這些女孩都從大學(xué)畢業(yè),離開(kāi)去為自己工作,然而又一個(gè)接一個(gè)地回到家族企業(yè)工作。(3),Nicholas was really hungry.到那天晚上,尼古拉斯真的很餓。(4)Slowly they came to trust me,and the year they can play with me.慢慢地他們信任我了,到年底時(shí)他們能和我一起玩了。by 2:00 pm one by one By that evening by the end of -20-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型2.Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.奧利弗被警察抓住并被帶到法庭上。(Page 9)get arrested為“get+done”結(jié)構(gòu),其用法如下:(1)get被用來(lái)代替be,和過(guò)去分詞連用,構(gòu)成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),表示某一事件或事故的發(fā)生,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。常用于以下兩種情況:談?wù)撃橙嘶蚰澄锏目陀^遭遇,往往表示一種突然的、未曾料到的偶發(fā)事件或事故。談?wù)撛O(shè)法或終于做到令人稱心的事。(2)“get+過(guò)去分詞”與“be+過(guò)去分詞”在構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)的區(qū)別:前者表示開(kāi)始進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài),而后者僅表示一種實(shí)際存在的狀態(tài)。-21-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)Visit the palace and its various historic gardens,which include the famous maze where it is easy !來(lái)參觀這座宮殿以及它的各種歷史上有名的園林,包括有名的很容易迷路的迷宮!(2)Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people.研究人員已經(jīng)確認(rèn)了促進(jìn)人們參與的幾種因素。to get lost to get involved -22-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型3.Pips sister often abuses him,but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常辱罵他,但喬卻是一個(gè)善良、淳樸的人,他寧愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何傷害。(Page 3)would rather do.than do.=would do.rather than do.寧愿做而不愿做would rather+從句,“寧愿”從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè);用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。rather than而不是prefer to do.rather than do.寧愿做而不愿做other than除了以外or rather更確切地說(shuō)-23-高頻單詞重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)句型四維熱練(1)The boy prefers (play)rather than study.(2)I would rather you (come)tomorrow.(3)Rather than in a crowded bus in the morning,I always prefer a bicycle.(ride)(4)I would rather you (tell) me the truth yesterday.(5)What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly (work).(6)Facing up to your problems rather than (run)away from them is the best approach to working things out.to play came ride to ride had told working running -24- .單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Barditch High School decided to have an All-School _ (reunite).2.Not only will I keep from littering and (spit) anywhere,I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.3.Kindness and (violent)can reproduce themselves.4.After Jasminas death,Maja swore she would honor the little girl by swimming with a dolphin,an animal that both girls (adore).5.(compare)to the traditional ones,they have three new unique functions.Reunion spitting violence adored Compared -25- 6.The Atlantic has,in a sense,replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western (civil).7.The young couple,who returned my lost wallet,left I could ask for their names.8.It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.9.I (desperate)tried to determine which math problem I would get.10.This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist (eat)cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress.civilization before when desperately eating -26- .單句改錯(cuò)1.He got a purchase on a branch until we came his rescue._2.The policeman caught the thief by arm._3.He could not wash himself or get dress._4.Lucky,the bullet narrowly missed the captain by an inch._5.They felt like they are giving away company secrets._came后加toby后加thedressdressedLuckyLuckilyarewere-27- .話題微寫(xiě)作翻譯下面5個(gè)句子,然后通過(guò)合理想象,用恰當(dāng)?shù)男揶o手段整合成一篇短文。1.水滸傳是由小說(shuō)家施耐庵寫(xiě)的。(novelist)2.是章回體小說(shuō),是中國(guó)四大古典名著之一。(chapter)3.主題帶有暴力傾向,故事情節(jié)引人入勝。(violent,plot)4.講的是一群渴望生存下去的所謂的朝廷“罪犯”,奔波忙碌,救他人于水火,與罪惡斗爭(zhēng),抵抗政府的故事。(criminal,come to sb.s rescue)5.因此,它贏得了中國(guó)古典名著的最高榮譽(yù)。(supreme,reputation)-28- Shi Naian is a novelist who wrote Water Margin which is organized by chapters.It is one of the four classical masterpieces in China.Its topic tends to be violent,but its plots are attractive.It describes a group of so-called criminals are on the run and come to others rescue.Besides,they fight against vice and resist the control of the government.As a result,it wins the supreme reputation as one of the four classical masterpieces in China.