10. they gave birth to young baby animals 1) 生（孩子）生（孩子） Shes just given birth to a healthy baby girl. 她剛剛生了個(gè)健康的女嬰。她剛剛生了個(gè)健康的女嬰。 2) 產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)生 The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel. 這段奇特的經(jīng)歷促成了他的最新的一部小說的誕這段奇特的經(jīng)歷促成了他的最新的一部小說的誕生。生。11.Thus they have, in their return, become the most important animals on the planet.因此，接著它們成為地球上最重要的動(dòng)物。in ones return 輪到某人，接著輪到他當(dāng)了班長。He has become monitor in his turn.Youll walk the dog in your turn.輪到你遛狗了。11. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 他們把太多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣他們把太多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中層中, 這就是使得熱量不能從地球這就是使得熱量不能從地球上散發(fā)到太空中去。上散發(fā)到太空中去。閱讀下列句子, 注意prevent . from的意思和用法。1. There was nothing to prevent her from doing so.2. We must prevent the water from being polluted.3. The emperor ordered his porters to prevent the speaker entering the building. 阻止，制止歸納 prevent . from的意思是_。from后多跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式(句1、句2)；有時(shí)可省略from(句3)。拓展 近義短語有: stop . from 阻止干某事; keep . from 阻止干某事。注意: prevent和stop后的from都可以省略, 而keep . from 中的from則不能省略，如果省略了, 其意義將發(fā)生改變。制止、阻止、使不做某事1). No one can prevent the plans _ out.A. to be carried B. from carryingC. not to carry D. from being carried2). They tried to prevent the plane from _ on the runway.A. land B. landingC. to land D. being landed12. whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 在未來的千百萬年中在未來的千百萬年中, 生命能否在生命能否在地球一延續(xù)將取決于這個(gè)問題能否地球一延續(xù)將取決于這個(gè)問題能否得到解決。得到解決。 depend vi. 相信相信, 信賴信賴;依靠依靠, 依依賴賴 (尤指錢尤指錢); 視視而定而定 You can depend on John he is always on time. 你可以相信約翰你可以相信約翰, 他總是很準(zhǔn)時(shí)。他總是很準(zhǔn)時(shí)。I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式。1. This _ (理論) helps to explain how animals communicate with each other.2. The final cost could be as much as one b_ dollars.3. 31 people have been injured in _ (暴力的) incidents throughout the day.練習(xí)坊theorybillionviolent4. Across the g_, sea level varies by hundreds of feet.5. A(n) _ (原子) is so small that we can not see it.6. Smoking is h_ to health, but some people cannot get rid of it. 7. The best way to get that _ (二氧化碳) into the atmosphere is to warm the entire planet.globeatomharmful carbon dioxide8. The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family-friendly _ (氣氛).9. O_ is a kind of gas that is necessary for most animals and plants to live.10. I was surprised by the _ (出席) of so many people at the meeting. atmosphereOxygenpresenceII. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The ship rocked _ (violent) from side to side, causing many passengers to feel seasick.2. There is a _ (fundament) difference in attitude between these two politicians.3. It is generally accepted that smoking is _ (harm) to our health.violentlyfundamentalharmful4. Our problems have _ (multiply) since last year.5. Scientists want to know whether life _ (exist) on other planets.6. She listened with a _ (puzzle) expression on her face.multipliedexistspuzzledIII. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1. According _ our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.2. To begin _, we ought to know what we are studying for.3. When the fire broke out in the movie theater, people lost their heads and ran _ all directions.towithin4. The car came to a stop just _ time to prevent an accident.5. He usually comes to school early. Its very _ him to be so late today.6. A knowledge of physics is fundamental _ any understanding of this problem.7. The smell of rain and wetness was everywhere. It seemed to fill me _ energy.inunliketowith8. When you are young, you dream about all sorts _ things.9. He grows not only vegetables but also flowers in his garden; that is, he grows flowers _ vegetables.10. A seed can grow _ a tree, and trees make up beautiful forests.11. Can you tell me how China is different _ your country?ofas well asintofrom12. _ the past he had to read by candlelight.13. She gave birth _ a fine healthy baby last week.14. In the teachers class, the students often answer his questions _ turn.15. How much oil can be put _ this bottle?Intoininto16. What can we do to keep the disease _ spreading?17. As a result _ what had happened, we decided to change the rules.18. I ve been old enough to earn my living, so Ill no longer depend _ my father.19. Do you know that crocodiles reproduce _ laying eggs?fromofon / uponbyIV. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞或短語的適當(dāng)形式翻譯下列句子。1. 沙塵暴導(dǎo)致了連鎖反應(yīng)，最后造成火車撞毀。(lead to; chain) 2. 移動(dòng)電話使得我們不論在何處都能與他人交談。(make it possible for sb. to do sth.) The sandstorm led to a chain reaction which ended in a serious train crash. Mobile phones make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere. 4. 請(qǐng)你告訴我怎樣防止這種事情發(fā)生好嗎？(prevent . from . )3. 新鮮空氣對(duì)于身體健康必不可少。(be fundamental to .) Would you please tell me how to prevent this kind of thing from happening?Fresh air is fundamental to good health. 5. 新鮮空氣對(duì)于身體健康是必不可少的。(be fundamental to . )6. 他除了給我忠告外，還給我錢。 (as well as)He gave me money as well as advice.Fresh air is fundamental to good health.8. 結(jié)果，他們拯救了這片森林里90的樹木。(as a result)7. 他不知如何回這封信。(puzzle)As a result, they saved 90% of the trees in the forest.He was puzzled (about) how to answer the letter.10. 移動(dòng)電話使得我們有可能與任何地方的任何人交談。 （make it possible for sb. to do sth.）9. 現(xiàn)在輪到我們學(xué)會(huì)如何與別人相處了。(in ones turn)Mobile phones make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere. Now in our turn we must learn how to get along with others.QuizTranslationQuiz I 1. _ (它會(huì)變成什么) was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago.2. It was not immediately obvious that _ _ (水會(huì)對(duì)生命的發(fā)展 起關(guān)鍵作用).3. _ (為什么恐龍會(huì)突然滅絕) still remains a mystery.What it was to becomewater was to be fundamental to thedevelopment of lifeWhy the dinosaurs suddenly disappeared1. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. （2007 上海卷）上海卷） A. That B. What C. Whether D. WhereQuiz II 2. _ parents say and do has a life- long effect on their children. （2007 陜西卷）陜西卷） A. That B. Which C. What D. As3. It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (2008 上海卷) A. if B. because C. when D. that 4. _ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. (2008 上海春卷) A. What B. Which C. Whether D. That 5. _wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (2008 浙江卷) A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who詞組匯總：1.solar system2.according to3.awidely accepted theory4.in all directions5. millions of years 2.6million years6.a cloud of dust7.settle into8.in time9.cool down10.as well as 11.lay eggs12.give birth to13.in ones turn14.preventfrom15.too hot to live on16. as a result of17.depend on