高中英語(yǔ) Units12課件 新人教版必修1
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1、必修1 Units 12話題之一話題之一校園學(xué)習(xí)校園學(xué)習(xí) 三年三年6考考 2011全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷假定你是李華,正在一所英國(guó)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)暑期假定你是李華,正在一所英國(guó)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)暑期課程,遇到一些困難,希望得到學(xué)校輔導(dǎo)中心課程,遇到一些困難,希望得到學(xué)校輔導(dǎo)中心(Learning Center)的幫助。根據(jù)學(xué)校規(guī)定,你需書面預(yù)約,請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)寫一封的幫助。根據(jù)學(xué)校規(guī)定,你需書面預(yù)約,請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)寫一封信:信:1本人簡(jiǎn)介;本人簡(jiǎn)介;2求助內(nèi)容;求助內(nèi)容; 3約定時(shí)間;約定時(shí)間;4你的聯(lián)系你的聯(lián)系方式方式(Email:lihua 1236com;Phone:12345678)。 注意:詞數(shù)注意:詞數(shù)100左右
2、。左右。Dear Sir/Madam, Im Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. Im writing to ask for help. I came here last month and found my courses interesting. But I have some difficulties with note-taking and I have no idea of how to use the library. I was told the Learning Center p
3、rovides help for students. Im anxious to get help from it. I have no class on Tuesday mornings and Friday afternoons. Please let me know which day is OK with you. You may email or phone me. Here are my email address and phone number: lihua 1236. com; 12345678. Look forward to your reply. Yours, Li H
4、ua1. 文章首先作自我介紹并說(shuō)明寫信意圖和動(dòng)機(jī)。接下來(lái)說(shuō)明求文章首先作自我介紹并說(shuō)明寫信意圖和動(dòng)機(jī)。接下來(lái)說(shuō)明求助內(nèi)容和約定時(shí)間,最后介紹自己的聯(lián)系方式。本文要點(diǎn)齊全,助內(nèi)容和約定時(shí)間,最后介紹自己的聯(lián)系方式。本文要點(diǎn)齊全,符合試題要求。符合試題要求。2. 文章用詞得體地道,行文流暢。文章用詞得體地道,行文流暢。高級(jí)短語(yǔ):高級(jí)短語(yǔ):have some difficulties with, have no idea of, be anxious to do. . . 語(yǔ)篇過(guò)渡語(yǔ):語(yǔ)篇過(guò)渡語(yǔ):but, and多樣性表達(dá):多樣性表達(dá):taking summer courses, I was tol
5、d. . . 語(yǔ)言地道得體語(yǔ)言地道得體: be OK with. . . 【佳作習(xí)得【佳作習(xí)得】一句多譯一句多譯我記筆記有困難。我記筆記有困難。1. _2. _3. _I have difficulty with note-taking.I have difficulty in taking notes. It takes me great trouble to take notes.基礎(chǔ)指導(dǎo)(一)基礎(chǔ)指導(dǎo)(一)五種基本句型五種基本句型1. 主語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)(S)+謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞V)此句型的共同特點(diǎn)為:句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意此句型的共同特點(diǎn)為:句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意
6、思,這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞思,這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞, 后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。語(yǔ)從句等。He went on holiday. 他去度假了。他去度假了。The pen writes smoothly. 這支筆寫起來(lái)很流暢。這支筆寫起來(lái)很流暢。2. 主語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)(S)+謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞V)+賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)(O)此句型的共同特點(diǎn)是:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義此句型的共同特點(diǎn)是:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義, 都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作生的動(dòng)作, 但不能表達(dá)完整的意思但不能表達(dá)完整的意思, 必須跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)必須跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ), 即動(dòng)作即動(dòng)作的承受者的承受者, 才能使意
7、思完整,這類動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞。作賓語(yǔ)才能使意思完整,這類動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞。作賓語(yǔ)的可以為:名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、疑問(wèn)詞的可以為:名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式和從句。形式和從句。My sister is writing a letter at this moment. 我妹妹此刻正在寫一封信。我妹妹此刻正在寫一封信。Our teacher promised to see the movie with me. 我們老師答應(yīng)和我去看電影。我們老師答應(yīng)和我去看電影。3. 主語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)(S)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞V)+表語(yǔ)(表語(yǔ)(P)此句型的共同
8、特點(diǎn)是:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意此句型的共同特點(diǎn)是:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思思, 必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ), 才才能表達(dá)完整的意思,這類動(dòng)詞叫做系動(dòng)詞。除了能表達(dá)完整的意思,這類動(dòng)詞叫做系動(dòng)詞。除了be動(dòng)詞外,還動(dòng)詞外,還有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞:有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞:(1)表感官的動(dòng)詞:表感官的動(dòng)詞:feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear等。等。(2)表轉(zhuǎn)變、變化的動(dòng)詞:表轉(zhuǎn)變、變化的動(dòng)詞:become, get,grow, turn, go等。等。(3)表延
9、續(xù)的動(dòng)詞:表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞:remain, keep, hold, stay, rest 等。等。(4)表瞬間的動(dòng)詞:表瞬間的動(dòng)詞:come, fall, set, cut, occur 等。等。 This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 這是一本英漢詞典。這是一本英漢詞典。The dinner smells good. 晚飯聞起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。晚飯聞起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。4. 主語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)(S)+謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞V)+間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)(IO)+直接賓直接賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)(DO)此句型的共同特點(diǎn)為:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表此句型的共同特點(diǎn)為:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完
10、整的意思達(dá)完整的意思, 這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者, 另一個(gè)是另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者,后接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:動(dòng)作的間接承受者,后接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:(1)do, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, send, show, tell, wish, write等。等。(2)buy, choose, fetch, bring, get, leave, make, order, play, save, sing, spare等。等。He brought you a dictionary. 他給你買了一本詞典。他給你買了一
11、本詞典。She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她為她丈夫做了一頓美味的飯。她為她丈夫做了一頓美味的飯。I showed him my pictures. 我給他看了我的照片。我給他看了我的照片。通常情況下間接賓語(yǔ)在前,直接賓語(yǔ)在后;有時(shí)也可把間通常情況下間接賓語(yǔ)在前,直接賓語(yǔ)在后;有時(shí)也可把間接賓語(yǔ)置于直接賓語(yǔ)后,此時(shí)間接賓語(yǔ)前需加介詞接賓語(yǔ)置于直接賓語(yǔ)后,此時(shí)間接賓語(yǔ)前需加介詞for或或to。間。間接賓語(yǔ)后置與接賓語(yǔ)后置與for連用的動(dòng)詞有連用的動(dòng)詞有buy, make, cook, get, choose, sing, find等。等。間接賓語(yǔ)后
12、置與間接賓語(yǔ)后置與to連用的動(dòng)詞有連用的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive, lend, teach, take, return, send, pass等。等。5. 主語(yǔ)(主語(yǔ)(S)+謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞V)+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(O)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(OC)此句型的共同特點(diǎn)是:動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞此句型的共同特點(diǎn)是:動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞, 但是只跟一個(gè)但是只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思, 必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來(lái)補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ)必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來(lái)補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ), 才能使意思完整??梢宰髻e語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的為:名詞、形容詞、介才能使意思完整。可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的為:名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞、從句
13、等。詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞、從句等。I heard my name called. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人喊我的名字。我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人喊我的名字。I felt something moving. 我感到有東西在動(dòng)。我感到有東西在動(dòng)。 . 請(qǐng)判斷下列簡(jiǎn)單句的類型請(qǐng)判斷下列簡(jiǎn)單句的類型1. He looked unhappy at that time. ()2. He lost the money on his way home. ()3. Mr Wang taught us English last year. ()4. The time passed quickly. ()5. We are making o
14、ur country more and more beautiful. ()S+V+PS+V+OS+V+IO+DOS+VS+V+O+OC. 請(qǐng)改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤請(qǐng)改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤1. Please speak louder so that everybody can listen you. ()2. Great changes have been taken place in the city. ()3. Listen! Someone knocking at the door. ()listenhear去掉去掉beenknockingis knocking4. He told me d
15、ont call him before 9 oclock. ()5. Do your parents allow you make your own decision? ()dontnot tomaketo makecollecting stamps. 翻譯下列句子翻譯下列句子1. 這故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。這故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。2. 我們只能給你騰出一個(gè)房間。我們只能給你騰出一個(gè)房間。3. 在業(yè)余時(shí)間我喜歡聽(tīng)流行音樂(lè)和收集郵票。在業(yè)余時(shí)間我喜歡聽(tīng)流行音樂(lè)和收集郵票。The story sounds very interesting.We can only spare one room for you
16、.In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and4. 在我在我14歲生日時(shí),爸爸給我買了一輛新自行車。歲生日時(shí),爸爸給我買了一輛新自行車。5. 我注意到凱特在圖書館里看書。我注意到凱特在圖書館里看書。I noticed Kate reading in the library. On my 14th birthday, Father bought me a new bike. 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是高考中必考考點(diǎn),主要集中在各種時(shí)態(tài)的習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是高考中必考考點(diǎn),主要集中在各種時(shí)態(tài)的習(xí)慣用法及對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)與主謂一致的綜合考查。復(fù)
17、習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)慣用法及對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)與主謂一致的綜合考查。復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):注意以下幾點(diǎn):1. 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與一般時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別;進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與一般時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別;2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別;與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別;3. 某些句式、從句以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣中某些句式、從句以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的時(shí)態(tài)。的時(shí)態(tài)。1. 2011全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷,23Planning so far ahead _ _ so many things will have changed by next year. (make)過(guò)早地計(jì)劃對(duì)未來(lái)沒(méi)有意義,因?yàn)榈矫髂旰芏嗍虑閷?huì)改變。過(guò)早地計(jì)劃對(duì)未來(lái)沒(méi)有意義,因?yàn)榈矫髂旰芏嗍虑閷?huì)
18、改變。makes nosense2. 2011遼寧,遼寧,28 Ill go to the library as soon as I _. (finish)一完成我現(xiàn)在正在做的事我就去圖書館。一完成我現(xiàn)在正在做的事我就去圖書館。3. 2011山東,山東,31When I got on the bus, I _ my wallet at home. (realize)當(dāng)我上了公共汽車,我才意識(shí)到我把錢包忘在家里了。當(dāng)我上了公共汽車,我才意識(shí)到我把錢包忘在家里了。finishrealized I had leftwhat I am doing4. 2011浙江,浙江,15The manager w
19、as worried about the press conference his assistant _ in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly. (give)經(jīng)理對(duì)助手代替他舉行的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)很擔(dān)心,但幸運(yùn)的是,一經(jīng)理對(duì)助手代替他舉行的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)很擔(dān)心,但幸運(yùn)的是,一切都很順利。切都很順利。5. 2011陜西,陜西,12His first novel _good reviews since it came out last month. (receive)他的第一本小說(shuō)自上個(gè)月出版以來(lái)就備受好評(píng)。他的第一本小說(shuō)自
20、上個(gè)月出版以來(lái)就備受好評(píng)。has receivedwas giving6. 2011北京,北京,23Tom _ every night over the last three months. (work)在過(guò)去的三個(gè)月里的每個(gè)晚上湯姆都在圖書館里工作。在過(guò)去的三個(gè)月里的每個(gè)晚上湯姆都在圖書館里工作。7. 2011江西,江西,30We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _ during the night. (break)我們?cè)谠绯康竭_(dá)工作地點(diǎn)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)有人在前一天晚上闖進(jìn)了我們?cè)谠绯康竭_(dá)工作地點(diǎn)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)有人在前一天晚
21、上闖進(jìn)了辦公室。辦公室。has been working in the libraryhad broken into the office8. 2011全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷,29When Alice came to, she did not know how long _(lie)當(dāng)當(dāng)Alice蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí),她不知道她已經(jīng)在那兒躺了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí),她不知道她已經(jīng)在那兒躺了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。9. 2011上海,上海,34Did you predict that many students _for the dance competition? (sign)你預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有很多學(xué)生報(bào)名參加舞蹈比賽嗎?你預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有
22、很多學(xué)生報(bào)名參加舞蹈比賽嗎?she had been lying therewould sign up10. 2011天津,天津,4On her next birthday,Ann _.(marry)到安的下一個(gè)生日,她將已結(jié)婚到安的下一個(gè)生日,她將已結(jié)婚20年了。年了。11. 2011北京,北京,21Experiments of this kind _ _ in both the U. S. and Europe well before the Second World War. (conduct)早在二戰(zhàn)前美國(guó)和歐洲都進(jìn)行過(guò)該類實(shí)驗(yàn)。早在二戰(zhàn)前美國(guó)和歐洲都進(jìn)行過(guò)該類實(shí)驗(yàn)。will have
23、 been married for twenty yearshad beenconducted12. 2011安徽,安徽,26What do you think of store shopping in the future? Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _. (replace)你認(rèn)為未來(lái)的商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物會(huì)如何?你認(rèn)為未來(lái)的商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物會(huì)如何?依我看,商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物會(huì)和家庭購(gòu)物并存,但是永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被代依我看,商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物會(huì)和家庭購(gòu)物并存,但是永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被代替。替。 will never be replaced13. 20
24、11天津,天津,3In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world. (produce)在過(guò)去的幾年里,全世界成千上萬(wàn)的電影已被制作。在過(guò)去的幾年里,全世界成千上萬(wàn)的電影已被制作。14. 2011上海,上海,31After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _. (rescue)一名海軍成員在暴風(fēng)雨中迷失四天后被救起。一名海軍成員在暴風(fēng)雨中迷失四天后被救起。have been producedwas rescued four days later15.
25、2011四川四川, 9All visitors to this village _ _. (treat)所有到這個(gè)村莊的游客都受到了善意的款待。所有到這個(gè)村莊的游客都受到了善意的款待。16. 2010福建,福建,31Guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. How nice!You _a different culture then. (experience)你猜怎么著,我們已拿到了今年夏天到英國(guó)的一次短期訪你猜怎么著,我們已拿到了今年夏天到英國(guó)的一次短期訪問(wèn)簽證。問(wèn)簽證。好極了!到
26、那時(shí)你們將體驗(yàn)一種不同的文化。好極了!到那時(shí)你們將體驗(yàn)一種不同的文化。are treated withwill be experiencingkindness17. 2009上海,上海,36Mr. White lived in Los Angeles for years, but recently he _ China. (adapt)懷特先生曾在洛杉磯生活多年,但近來(lái)他已適應(yīng)了在中國(guó)居住。懷特先生曾在洛杉磯生活多年,但近來(lái)他已適應(yīng)了在中國(guó)居住。has already adapted to living in表表1 主要時(shí)態(tài)使用注意事項(xiàng)主要時(shí)態(tài)使用注意事項(xiàng)時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示
27、典句例示 一一般般現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在時(shí)時(shí)用在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從中,用在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從中,以及談?wù)摪从?jì)劃或時(shí)間表以及談?wù)摪从?jì)劃或時(shí)間表安排的動(dòng)時(shí),表示將來(lái)。安排的動(dòng)時(shí),表示將來(lái)。 The train leaves at 5: 00 am. If it is fine tomorrow, we shall visit the Great Wall. 表示客觀真理,科學(xué)事實(shí)。表示客觀真理,科學(xué)事實(shí)。 Light travels faster than sound. 表示眼下或目前等現(xiàn)在時(shí)間所表示眼下或目前等現(xiàn)在時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 Here comes the b
28、us. 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在進(jìn)進(jìn)行行時(shí)時(shí)She is always finding fault with others. (不滿不滿)He is always thinking of others. (贊許贊許) 表示最近計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的表示最近計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常限于動(dòng)作,常限于go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, work, sleep, stay, have, wear等動(dòng)詞。等動(dòng)詞。 My uncle is coming back from abroad. A foreign guest is giv
29、ing a lecture in English this afternoon. He is staying with us for a few weeks next year. 表示說(shuō)話人現(xiàn)在對(duì)主語(yǔ)的行為表示說(shuō)話人現(xiàn)在對(duì)主語(yǔ)的行為的贊嘆或厭惡等(常與的贊嘆或厭惡等(常與always, constantly, continually等副詞等副詞連用)。連用)。 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 一一般般過(guò)過(guò)去去時(shí)時(shí)表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常與的動(dòng)作,常與every day, often, sometimes等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 Du
30、ring his middle school years, he played football every day. 在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)語(yǔ)從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。He promised that he would buy some copies for us when he went there. He said he would let us know if he got any news. 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 過(guò)過(guò)去去進(jìn)進(jìn)行行時(shí)時(shí) 表示說(shuō)話人過(guò)去對(duì)主語(yǔ)的行為表示說(shuō)話人過(guò)去對(duì)
31、主語(yǔ)的行為的贊嘆、厭惡等(常與的贊嘆、厭惡等(常與always, constantly, continually等副詞等副詞連用)。連用)。He was continually asking her questions. 表示過(guò)去將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,一表示過(guò)去將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,一般限于一些表示移動(dòng)、方向的般限于一些表示移動(dòng)、方向的動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞。 He said that he was coming to see you the next month. 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 一一般般將將來(lái)來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)will+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 1. (按自然規(guī)律)必然會(huì)(按自然規(guī)律)必然會(huì)2. 表示
32、事先未考慮的意圖表示事先未考慮的意圖He will be twenty years old next year. Youve left the light on. Oh, so I have. Ill go and turn it off. be going to do. . . 1. (事先考慮)打算,決定(事先考慮)打算,決定做做2. 某種客觀跡象預(yù)示即將某種客觀跡象預(yù)示即將會(huì)會(huì)I am going to write to Henry this evening. Look at the clouds. It looks as if its going to rain. 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)
33、注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 一一般般將將來(lái)來(lái)時(shí)時(shí) be to do. . . 1. (按計(jì)劃、安排按計(jì)劃、安排)打算;將要做打算;將要做2. (按命令、指示、約定、要求、(按命令、指示、約定、要求、職責(zé)、義務(wù)等)必須、必要、應(yīng)職責(zé)、義務(wù)等)必須、必要、應(yīng)該做,相當(dāng)于該做,相當(dāng)于should,ought to, must, have to3. 表示后來(lái)命中注定會(huì)發(fā)生表示后來(lái)命中注定會(huì)發(fā)生I am to meet Mr. Brown at eleven oclock this morning. We are to take good care of all these children. His
34、plan is to be a failure. be about to do即將,正要做即將,正要做(不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,意同(不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,意同be on the point of doing)The meeting is about to begin. 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 過(guò)去過(guò)去將來(lái)將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)常用在賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)中,常用在賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)中,表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻看將來(lái)表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻看將來(lái)要發(fā)生的行為或存在的狀態(tài)。要發(fā)生的行為或存在的狀態(tài)。 She said that she would wait for us at the station. Th
35、ey wanted to know when you would finish the article. 瞬間動(dòng)詞的肯定式不能與表示瞬間動(dòng)詞的肯定式不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,但其否一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,但其否定形式可以。定形式可以。He has joined the army for two years. ()I havent seen Mary for two years. ()現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成完成時(shí)時(shí)在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,用在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將要做某個(gè)動(dòng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將要做某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前必須先完成的動(dòng)作。作之前必須先完成的動(dòng)作。He will come as soon
36、as he has finished the homework. 時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 過(guò)去過(guò)去完成完成時(shí)時(shí)表示過(guò)去本打算實(shí)現(xiàn)而未實(shí)現(xiàn)表示過(guò)去本打算實(shí)現(xiàn)而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計(jì)劃。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的的希望或計(jì)劃。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有動(dòng)詞有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, plan, intend等。等。I had meant to come, but it rained. We had hoped to catch the 9: 30 train, but we failed to. 表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)
37、行的或持續(xù)的動(dòng)作?;虺掷m(xù)的動(dòng)作。What will you be doing this time tomorrow? I shall be taking my holidays soon. 將來(lái)將來(lái)進(jìn)行進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間之前完成表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間之前完成的動(dòng)作,并往往對(duì)將來(lái)某一時(shí)的動(dòng)作,并往往對(duì)將來(lái)某一時(shí)間產(chǎn)生影響。間產(chǎn)生影響。Before long, he will have forgotten all about the matter. 將來(lái)將來(lái)完成完成時(shí)時(shí)表表2 易混時(shí)態(tài)用法比較易混時(shí)態(tài)用法比較時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 過(guò)去過(guò)去進(jìn)行進(jìn)行時(shí)與時(shí)與一般一般過(guò)去過(guò)
38、去時(shí)時(shí)1. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去反過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示只做一次的動(dòng)作。則表示只做一次的動(dòng)作。2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)同過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)同forever, constantly, always等連用,略等連用,略帶感情色彩,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則帶感情色彩,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示客觀陳述。表示客觀陳述。She was waving her hand. 她不斷地?fù)]手。她不斷地?fù)]手。She waved her hand. 她揮了揮手。她揮了揮手。時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 一般一般過(guò)去過(guò)去時(shí)與時(shí)與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成完成時(shí)時(shí)1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)所表示的過(guò)
39、去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)所表示的過(guò)去時(shí)間是具體確定的,與其他時(shí)間間是具體確定的,與其他時(shí)間沒(méi)有牽連。沒(méi)有牽連。2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的事情發(fā)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的事情發(fā)生在不能具體指出的,相對(duì)現(xiàn)生在不能具體指出的,相對(duì)現(xiàn)在而言以前的某個(gè)或某段時(shí)間在而言以前的某個(gè)或某段時(shí)間, 它所表示的事情與現(xiàn)在情況有它所表示的事情與現(xiàn)在情況有關(guān)系,是過(guò)去事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成關(guān)系,是過(guò)去事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。He served in the army from 2007 to 2010. (這是過(guò)去的事情這是過(guò)去的事情)He has served in the army for five years
40、. (現(xiàn)在他仍在軍中服役,他現(xiàn)在他仍在軍中服役,他是個(gè)軍人是個(gè)軍人)時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài) 注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 典句例示典句例示 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成完成時(shí)與時(shí)與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成完成進(jìn)行進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響;現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的響;現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在一段時(shí)期內(nèi)某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的是在一段時(shí)期內(nèi)某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的持續(xù)性,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作本身。持續(xù)性,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作本身。2. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一動(dòng)作的重復(fù),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不表示重復(fù)性。般不表示重復(fù)性。I have thought it over. 我已經(jīng)考
41、慮過(guò)這件事了。我已經(jīng)考慮過(guò)這件事了。I have been thinking it over. 我一直在考慮這件事。我一直在考慮這件事。Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近經(jīng)常和他見(jiàn)面嗎?你最近經(jīng)常和他見(jiàn)面嗎?Have you met him recently? 你最近見(jiàn)到他了嗎?你最近見(jiàn)到他了嗎?特特別別提提醒醒1. 在句型在句型It is/has been +一段一段時(shí)間時(shí)間+since從句中,從句中,since從從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般過(guò)去句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。但要注意如果時(shí)。但要注意如果since從句從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí),的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
42、為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí),則表示從該動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)算起。則表示從該動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)算起。It is/has been three years since he joined the Party. 他入黨已有三年了。他入黨已有三年了。It is/has been three years since he lived here. 他不在這兒住已有三年了。他不在這兒住已有三年了。2. 在句型在句型This/It/That is the first(second, etc. )time +that 從句中,從句中,that從句使用現(xiàn)在完從句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。成時(shí)。This is the second time that I
43、 have visited Beijing this year. 這是我今年第二次參觀北京。這是我今年第二次參觀北京。特特別別提提醒醒3. by the time從句用一般從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí),主句用將來(lái)完現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí),主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí),成時(shí),by the time從句用從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí),主句用過(guò)一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí),主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。去完成時(shí)。By the time you wake up tomorrow, you will have found a nice present. 到你明天醒來(lái)時(shí),你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)到你明天醒來(lái)時(shí),你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一件很好的禮物。一件很好的禮物。By the time he arriv
44、ed at the station, the train had left. 他到達(dá)車站時(shí),火車早已離開(kāi)他到達(dá)車站時(shí),火車早已離開(kāi)了。了。特特別別提提醒醒4. hardly. . . when. . . ; no sooner. . . than. . . 句式中句式中hardly,no sooner所在句子用過(guò)去完成時(shí),所在句子用過(guò)去完成時(shí),when和和than從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示“一一就就”。而且如果。而且如果hardly/no sooner置于句首時(shí),主置于句首時(shí),主句需用部分倒裝。句需用部分倒裝。Hardly had we started when the
45、car got a flat tyre. 我們才剛剛開(kāi)動(dòng),汽車我們才剛剛開(kāi)動(dòng),汽車的輪胎就漏氣了。的輪胎就漏氣了。5. 有些情況發(fā)生的時(shí)間沒(méi)清楚表明,有些情況發(fā)生的時(shí)間沒(méi)清楚表明,但實(shí)際上是剛才但實(shí)際上是剛才/剛剛發(fā)生的,屬剛剛發(fā)生的,屬于過(guò)去時(shí)間,應(yīng)使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),常于過(guò)去時(shí)間,應(yīng)使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),常見(jiàn)的有見(jiàn)的有I didnt know. . . 或或I forgot. . . 等。等。I didnt know you were so busy. 我剛才不知道你這么忙。我剛才不知道你這么忙。表表3 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法種種 類類主要用法主要用法 典句例示典句例示 連系動(dòng)連系動(dòng)詞詞(
46、其其主語(yǔ)主主語(yǔ)主要指物要指物)用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。例如:例如:feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, remain, stay, appear等。等。 The cloth feels soft. 這種布摸著很柔軟。這種布摸著很柔軟。The music sounds inspiring. 這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)著很振奮人心。這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)著很振奮人心。不及物不及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞(其其主語(yǔ)多主語(yǔ)多指物指物)表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在的品質(zhì)或性能表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在的品質(zhì)或性能的不及物動(dòng)詞的不及物動(dòng)詞, 常用主動(dòng)形式常用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。例如表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。例如: sell, read, dr
47、aw, wash, write, open, wear, run, burn等。等。 This kind of book sells well. 這種書很暢銷。這種書很暢銷。The shirt washes well. 這襯衫很好洗。這襯衫很好洗。種種 類類主要用法主要用法 典句例示典句例示 不及物動(dòng)詞或某些短語(yǔ)無(wú)不及物動(dòng)詞或某些短語(yǔ)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:last, cost, spread, happen(to), take place, belong to, break out, go out, run out, turn off, work out等。等。 The accid
48、ent happened outside my house. 這起事故發(fā)生在我的房子外這起事故發(fā)生在我的房子外面。面。It was almost midnight when a fire broke out in the neighborhood. 快半夜時(shí)這兒附近發(fā)生了火快半夜時(shí)這兒附近發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。災(zāi)。不及物不及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞(其其主語(yǔ)多主語(yǔ)多指物指物)種種 類類主要用法主要用法 典句例示典句例示 get常與常與marry, break, hurt, wound等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。式構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Yao Ming fell and got hurt in the
49、match. 在比賽中姚明摔倒并受傷了。在比賽中姚明摔倒并受傷了。特殊特殊結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)need/want/require/be worth+doing在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中doing是主動(dòng)是主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義形式表被動(dòng)含義The film Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows is worth seeing. 電影哈里電影哈里波特與死亡圣器波特與死亡圣器值得一看。值得一看。1. You _ in front of that computer too long(work)你在那臺(tái)電腦前面工作太久了。你在那臺(tái)電腦前面工作太久了。2. By next Saturda
50、y _ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette. (go)到下周六,他已經(jīng)連續(xù)一個(gè)月一支煙也沒(méi)吸了。到下周六,他已經(jīng)連續(xù)一個(gè)月一支煙也沒(méi)吸了。have been workinghe will have gone3. May I see your ticket, please? I think _ _ . (sit)我可以看一下你的票嗎?我認(rèn)為你正坐在我的座位上。我可以看一下你的票嗎?我認(rèn)為你正坐在我的座位上。4. This is the job that _ (look)這是我一直在尋找的工作。這是我一直在尋找的工作。5. Th
51、e school bus _ the campsite at 6: 30 am. (leave)校車早晨校車早晨6: 30從這兒出發(fā)去野營(yíng)地。從這兒出發(fā)去野營(yíng)地。you are sitting in my left here forI have been looking forseat6. When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what _. (mark)當(dāng)你拿回試卷時(shí),一定要注意那些批改了的地方。當(dāng)你拿回試卷時(shí),一定要注意那些批改了的地方。7. The key to the maths problem is so simp
52、le. I wonder _ _. (think)這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題的答案這么簡(jiǎn)單啊,我很納悶我為什么沒(méi)想到呢。這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題的答案這么簡(jiǎn)單啊,我很納悶我為什么沒(méi)想到呢。why Ihave been markeddidnt think of it8. When we got to the stadium hurriedly, the leaders _ _ their speeches and the performance was about to begin. (finish)當(dāng)我們匆忙趕到體育館時(shí),領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)講完話,而且節(jié)目就要當(dāng)我們匆忙趕到體育館時(shí),領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)講完話,而且節(jié)目就要開(kāi)始了。開(kāi)始了
53、。 9. The car _ until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine oclock tonight. (go)這輛車將繼續(xù)以目前的速度行駛直到今晚九點(diǎn)到達(dá)山腳下。這輛車將繼續(xù)以目前的速度行駛直到今晚九點(diǎn)到達(dá)山腳下。will be going at the present speedhad justfinished10. The woman moved about outside the operation room,because her son _. (operate)這個(gè)婦女在手術(shù)室外來(lái)回走動(dòng),因?yàn)樗齼鹤诱诮邮苁中g(shù)。
54、這個(gè)婦女在手術(shù)室外來(lái)回走動(dòng),因?yàn)樗齼鹤诱诮邮苁中g(shù)。11. Jingmen, a city in Hubei Province, isnt what it used to beThe last decade _ in the city images(witness)荊門荊門, 湖北省的一個(gè)城市,現(xiàn)已不是過(guò)去的樣子了。過(guò)去的十年湖北省的一個(gè)城市,現(xiàn)已不是過(guò)去的樣子了。過(guò)去的十年見(jiàn)證了這個(gè)城市形象的巨大變化。見(jiàn)證了這個(gè)城市形象的巨大變化。was being operated onhas witnessed great changes12. This kind of cloth washes wel
55、l. I think it is _ _. (worthy)這種布很好洗。我認(rèn)為它值得買。這種布很好洗。我認(rèn)為它值得買。13. _ a week when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy. (rain)當(dāng)我們到達(dá)時(shí)已經(jīng)下了一周雨了,因此道路很泥濘。當(dāng)我們到達(dá)時(shí)已經(jīng)下了一周雨了,因此道路很泥濘。14. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _ . (expect)潮濕的天氣明天還將繼續(xù),屆時(shí)預(yù)計(jì)冷鋒會(huì)到達(dá)。潮濕的天氣明天還將繼續(xù),屆時(shí)預(yù)計(jì)冷鋒會(huì)到達(dá)。worthy to
56、beIt had been raining foris expected to arrivebought15. I ran into the back of a truck yesterday and damaged my car badly. I _ too fast. (drive)昨天我撞上了一輛卡車的車尾,汽車損壞嚴(yán)重。我開(kāi)得太快了。昨天我撞上了一輛卡車的車尾,汽車損壞嚴(yán)重。我開(kāi)得太快了。16. This is _ his native land(leave)這是他第一次離開(kāi)故土。這是他第一次離開(kāi)故土。17. It will not be long before _ again. (m
57、eet)過(guò)不了多久我們就會(huì)再見(jiàn)面的。過(guò)不了多久我們就會(huì)再見(jiàn)面的。was drivingthe first time that he has leftwe meet18. I _ Hawaii, but I didnt sign up for the tour in time. (hope)我本來(lái)希望去夏威夷,但是我沒(méi)有來(lái)得及報(bào)名參加旅游。我本來(lái)希望去夏威夷,但是我沒(méi)有來(lái)得及報(bào)名參加旅游。19. They were ahead during the first half of the match, but they _ in the last five minutes(beat)他們?cè)诒荣惖纳习?/p>
58、場(chǎng)領(lǐng)先,但是最后五分鐘卻被擊敗了。他們?cè)诒荣惖纳习雸?chǎng)領(lǐng)先,但是最后五分鐘卻被擊敗了。20. I _ her homework all the morning. (help)整個(gè)上午我一直在幫助妹妹做作業(yè)。整個(gè)上午我一直在幫助妹妹做作業(yè)。have been helping my sister withwere beatenhad hoped to go to21. By then my performance _ and I _ _ reporters in the meeting room. (end; meet)到那時(shí)我的節(jié)目已經(jīng)結(jié)束了,我將正在會(huì)議室和記者們見(jiàn)面。到那時(shí)我的節(jié)目已經(jīng)結(jié)束了,
59、我將正在會(huì)議室和記者們見(jiàn)面。22. We met once at a party, but we _. (introduce)在宴會(huì)上我們見(jiàn)過(guò)一次,但是我們沒(méi)被介紹。在宴會(huì)上我們見(jiàn)過(guò)一次,但是我們沒(méi)被介紹。23. The examination will begin at 10: 30. Those who come late _ the examination room. (admit)考試將于十點(diǎn)半開(kāi)始。遲到者將不允許入考場(chǎng)??荚噷⒂谑c(diǎn)半開(kāi)始。遲到者將不允許入考場(chǎng)。will not be admitted towerent introducedwill have endedwill be
60、meeting24. I dont want to get to the end of my life and find that _ _ just the length of it. I want to have lived the width of it as well. (live)我不想在生命終結(jié)的時(shí)候才發(fā)現(xiàn)我只活了生命的長(zhǎng)度,我也想我不想在生命終結(jié)的時(shí)候才發(fā)現(xiàn)我只活了生命的長(zhǎng)度,我也想要一并活出生命的寬度。要一并活出生命的寬度。25. It is requested that the young children _ _ (belong) 小孩子們被要求把東西放回原處。小孩子們被要求
61、把東西放回原處。I haveshould put thingslived back where they belong26. The electricity _ last night, for the workers were examining the electric wires. (cut)昨晚,電肯定被切斷了,因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)工人們正在檢修線路。昨晚,電肯定被切斷了,因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)工人們正在檢修線路。27. The computer _ at the airport yesterday is an IBM laptop. (lose)他昨天在機(jī)場(chǎng)丟失的那臺(tái)手提電腦是他昨天在機(jī)場(chǎng)丟失的那臺(tái)手提電腦是I
62、BM的。的。must have been cut off(which/that) he lost28. Jane wont join us for dinner tonight and _ _ (neither)今晚今晚Jane不和我們一起吃飯,不和我們一起吃飯,Tom也不。也不。29. Only after his papers were returned to him _ the mistakes he had made. (aware)在試卷返回之后他才意識(shí)到他出錯(cuò)了。在試卷返回之后他才意識(shí)到他出錯(cuò)了。30. What worried the child most was his _ visit his mother in the hospital. (allow)讓那個(gè)小孩最擔(dān)心的是他不被允許去醫(yī)院看他媽媽。讓那個(gè)小孩最擔(dān)心的是他不被允許去醫(yī)院看他媽媽。not being allowed towas he aware ofneither willTom
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