PK 中考英語湖南中考英語湖南語法專題八 動(dòng)詞1. （2016年株洲）My best friend helps to the best in me,as the saying goes. A. bring out B. bring in C. bring up 2.(2016年郴州)The oranges _sweet.Of course. They are from Yongxing, Chenzhou. A. taste B. eat C. drinkAA3.(2016年揚(yáng)州改編)What will the phone ?The same as you said，eight hundred dollars each.A. spend B. cost C. pay 4. (2016年大慶改編)The cake tastes _ and it is really delicious. A. well B. badly C. good 5.（2016年永州）The school sports meeting will be because of the heavy rain. A. put up B. put on C. put off BCC 動(dòng)詞可分為行為動(dòng)詞（又名實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 （一）行為動(dòng)詞 行為動(dòng)詞是表示行為、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。它的詞義完整，可以單獨(dú)作謂語。按照其后是否能跟賓語分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。 1.及物動(dòng)詞 及物動(dòng)詞后面必須跟賓語，意思才完整。 He often helps me.他經(jīng)常幫助我。 一、行為動(dòng)詞 2.不及物動(dòng)詞 不及物動(dòng)詞本身意義完整，后面不能直接加賓語，如需加賓語其后需要加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 He works very hard.他工作很努力。 She lives in New York.她住在紐約。 （一）系動(dòng)詞 系動(dòng)詞本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須與表語一起構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，用來說明主語存在的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征或身份。常見的系動(dòng)詞： 1. 表示存在狀態(tài)：be(am/is/are/was/were) 2. 表示持續(xù)一種狀態(tài)或態(tài)度：keep/ stay等 3. 表示人的感覺：feel/smell/taste/sound/look等 4. 表象系動(dòng)詞：seem/appear/look 5. 表示主語變化：become/go/turn/grow等 注意：系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。二 、 系動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞（二）助動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞沒有詞義，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，要和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定句和疑問句等。常見的助動(dòng)詞：be/have/has/do/does/did/will/shall等1助動(dòng)詞be(am ,is，are，was，were) (1)“助動(dòng)詞be+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 The students are having class學(xué)生們正在上課。 They asked me what l was doing all afternoon他們問我整個(gè)下午一直在干什么。 (2)“助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 The baby was put in bed by his mother這個(gè)嬰兒被他媽媽放在床上。 The invitation was received yesterday昨天收到了請(qǐng)?zhí)?.“助動(dòng)詞 have/has/had+過去分詞”構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。 He has lived in Beijingn since he was born.自他出生以來，他一直住在北京。3.助動(dòng)詞do或其相關(guān)形式 助動(dòng)詞do 或其相關(guān)形式用于構(gòu)成疑問句，倒裝句、否定句、加強(qiáng)說話的語氣及代替前面出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞。Do you live in China?你住在中國(guó)嗎？Yes，I do.是的，我住在中國(guó)。He didnt go to see the film last Sunday.上個(gè)星期天他沒去看那部電影。Only then did I realized it.直到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。4.助動(dòng)詞will 和 shall助動(dòng)詞will 和 shall用于構(gòu)成將來時(shí)，shall 僅用于第一人稱，will可用于各種人稱。There will be more trees in hundred years.一百年后將有更多的樹。I shall/will be fifteen years old in December.十二月我將十五歲。三、動(dòng)詞短語由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞在一起構(gòu)成的短語，相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞，這就是動(dòng)詞短語。常見的動(dòng)詞短語如下分類分類例子例子動(dòng)詞+介詞laugh at 嘲笑 ask for 請(qǐng)求動(dòng)詞+副詞pick up 撿起；去接某人 stay up 熬夜動(dòng)詞+名詞make mistakes 犯錯(cuò) make progress 進(jìn)步動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞make friends with 和某人交朋友 give ones life to 獻(xiàn)身于動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞stay away from 遠(yuǎn)離 get along with 進(jìn)展；相處動(dòng)詞+介詞+名詞go to school 去上學(xué) go to bed 睡覺專項(xiàng)集訓(xùn)專項(xiàng)集訓(xùn)1. When he saw a wallet on the ground, he _at once.A. picked it up B. gave it up C. picked up it2.The boy is sleeping. Please _the radio.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on3. In April, the weather in some places in Shanxi was really changeable. People still remember they have _ four seasons in a week. A. organized B. experienced C. described ABB4. _ the teacher, Ive made great progress. A. Thank you B. Thanks C. Thanks to5. It will _ them several years to learn English well.A. cost B. take C. spend6.What did you do on Earth Day this year?We _ a show to spread the message about protecting the environment.A.put on B.put up C.put awayCBA7.What Mr White said sounds_. A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly 8. His voice_ as if he has a cold.A. sounds B. listens C. hears AA9.I hear your grandpa has an old cup in your home. Yes. It _ drinking tea long ago and my grandpa _ drink tea with it when he was young. A. was used to, was used to B. used far, used to C. was used for, used to10.How much is your coat? Oh, it _ me 100 yuan. A. cost B. spend C. paid CA