注意 虛擬條件句與主句的謂語動詞 與現(xiàn)在事實或?qū)砜赡艿氖聦嵪喾?從句用一般過去時 be用were 與將來可能的事實相反時還可用wereto should 動詞原形 主句用would should could might 動詞原形 與過去事實相反 從句用過去完成時 主句用would should could mighthave 過去分詞 讀語篇 悟語法 反復朗讀下列短文 領(lǐng)悟畫線及黑體部分 思考 什么情況下用虛擬語氣 雖同是虛擬語氣 但什么情況下用過去式表示 什么情況下用 should 動詞原形 表示 Mydeskmate Mary treatsmeasifshewere 1 mysister Sheisnicebutfat Ifshewerenotsofat shewouldlook 2 likeasupermodel Lastyear adoctoradvisedthatshe should eat 3 morevegetablesandfruits Healsomadeasuggestionthatshe should workout 4 regularly Besides heinsistedthatshe should walk 5 toschool Ifshehadfollowedthedoctor sadvice shewouldnotbesofatnow 6 Inotherwords ifthedoctorhadpersuadedhertodoso shewouldnothavebee 7 overweight Thismorning Mary smotherboughtheranewdress Itwasreallynice Butaftershetriediton shecouldn thelpshouting IfonlyIwere 8 alittlethinner HowIwishIhadn teaten 9 somuchjunkfoodbefore WereIMary Iwouldmake 10 aweightlossplan IfIbecameoverweightinthefuture Iwoulddo 11 sportseveryday Nowitishightimeshechanged 12 herlifestyle Withoutahealthylifestyle shewouldn tbe 13 abletoloseweight Iwouldrathershewent 14 swimmingwithme butsheinsiststhatwatersportsare 15 notsuitableforher Soitisnecessarythatshe should walk 16 toschool 1 在asif asthough evenif eventhough引導的狀語從句或表語從句中 與現(xiàn)在事實相反時 從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時 與過去事實相反時 從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時 2 表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè) if從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時 be一般用were 主句的謂語用would should could might 動詞原形 3 5 在insist suggest advise order mand propose demand require request等后面的賓語從句的謂語動詞用 should 動詞原形 其中的should可以省略 在suggestion advice order mand demand requirement request等名詞后面的表語從句或同位語從句中 謂語動詞用 should 動詞原形 其中的should可以省略 6 錯綜條件句 有時if從句中的動作與主句動作發(fā)生的時間不一致 這時動詞的形式應根據(jù)他們表示的時間加以調(diào)整 本句的虛擬條件句與過去事實相反 主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反 7 表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè) if從句的謂語形式用過去完成時 即 had 過去分詞 主句用 would should could might have 過去分詞 8 9 在表示愿望的動詞wish后的賓語從句和Ifonly 但愿 引出的句子中 需用虛擬語氣 表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反 從句或ifonly后的句子的謂語動詞用一般過去時 與過去事實相反 從句或ifonly后的句子的謂語動詞用過去完成時 10 如果if從句中含有were had或should 可將if省略 然后將were had或should提前至主語前 即從句可用半倒裝 11 表示與將來事實相反的假設(shè) if從句的謂語形式用一般過去時 或用 wereto should 動詞原形 主句用 would should could might 動詞原形 12 在Itis high timethat后的從句中 謂語動詞用 should 不能省略 動詞原形 或一般過去時都可以 13 含蓄條件從句 用連詞otherwise or but或用介詞butfor without等暗示前面的條件 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 謂語動詞用一般過去時 與過去事實相反 謂語動詞用過去完成時 其中介詞butfor without表示的虛擬語氣 可和if引導的假設(shè)條件狀語從句替換 14 would had rather wouldsooner用來表達主觀愿望 它們之后的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣 謂語動詞用一般過去時表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾?用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反 15 動詞insist表 堅持認為 堅持說 堅持某種說法 suggest表 暗示 表明 時 后面從句不用虛擬語氣 16 在itisnecessary important natural strange surprising that引導的主語從句中 主語從句中的謂語動詞用 should 動詞原形 單句填空 用所給詞的適當形式填空 1 IfI be you Iwoulddoitinadifferentway 2 Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow you be finenow 3 Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball otherwisehe score agoal 4 IfI have amilliondollars Iwouldfirstdonatesomeofthemoneytopoorchildreninremotemountainousareas 5 Thedoctororderedthatshe stay inbedforafewdays were wouldbe wouldhavescored had should stay 6 Itisveryimportantthatyou master theskillsofputer 7 Englishteachersgiveadvicethatwe make gooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish 8 Itishightimethatwe take somemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals 9 HowIwisheveryfamily have alargehousewithabeautifulgarden 10 Jane spalefacesuggestedthatshe be ill andherparentssuggestedthatshe have amedicalexamination should master should make took shouldtake had was should have 單句改錯 下列每句中有一處錯誤 每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加 刪除或修改 請指出并改正 1 HowIwishthereare28hoursadaysothatIhadmoretimeforfun 2 Hadheworkedhardyearsago hewouldbeeveryrich 3 IfIwereaboyagain Iwillrememberthatagoodskaternevertriestoskateintwodirectionsatonce 4 ButthefactthatChinaisalsoaffectedbytheglobaleconomiccrisis wewouldhavefewerworkersnow are were 在bee前加have will would 在But后加for 5 Itmighthavebeendonebetterifyouhavebeenmorecareful 6 IactuallybelievethatwewouldbeinXi annowifyouhadn tcaughtdrunkwhiledrivinglastmonth 7 Itishightimethatweestablishanhonestandfairsystemofeducation 8 Mr Li myEnglishteacher speaksEnglishasifheisanEnglishman 9 TibetissomysteriouslydescribedbysomepeoplethatIthinkifonlyIcangothere 10 I dratherhegoestothetheatretomorrow 第二個have had 在caught前加been establish established或在establish前加should is were can could goes went 語篇填空 閱讀下面短文 按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求 在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 TomandPeteraretwins Theylookasifthey1 be thesameperson Boththetwoboysaresmart butTomishard workingwhilePeterislazy Tomalwayswinsthefirstplaceintheexams whichsuggeststhathe2 be hard working Petercoulddobetter 3 hedoesn twanttoworkhard PeoplebelieveifPeter4 work ashardasTom hewoulddoaswellashisbrotherinhisstudy Athome theirparentsmakeasuggestionthatthey5 do thedishesinturnandinsistthatthey6 finish theirhomeworkbeforeplayingputergames ButPeterinsiststhatit7 be alsoOKtoplaygamesfirstaslongashecanhandinhishomeworkintime Theirmothergivesinintheend Oneday whendoinghishomework Tomfoundhemadeaseriousmistake So heputtheexercise bookasideandusedanotherone WhenPeterfoundthepreviousexercise book hestruckoutTom snameandsignedhisnameonitscoverhappily andhandeditinashisownhomeworkthenextday Whentheteachertoldthetruthtothetwins mother shekeptsilentfirstbutherexpressionsuggestedthatshe8 be angry Later sheshoutedatPeter HowIwishyou9 be asdiligentasyourbrother Nowit stimethatI10 give youagoodlesson AndIinsistthatyou11 notplay anyputergamesforawholemonthtoo RemembertodoasIaskyouto 12 youwouldbeforbiddentotouchtheputerforayear Oh no Mom 13 puterforsuchalongtime Iwoulddie Iwouldratheryou14 ask metodothedishesforamonthalone Peterwasupset Ifyou15 finish yourhomeworkontimeyesterday youwouldn tbepunishednow saidthemother 語篇導讀 湯姆和彼特雖然長得很像且都很聰明 但學習上卻一勤一懶 各不相同 甚至有一次彼特還因偷懶 投機取巧 鬧出了笑話 1 were asif引導的表語從句是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況 從句謂語用一般過去時 be一般用were 2 is suggests表示 表明 說明 其后的賓語從句的謂語動詞用陳述語氣 3 but 本來可以做得更好 與 不愿努力學 是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 故用連詞but 4 worked if表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè) 從句謂語動詞用一般過去時 5 should do 在表示 建議 的suggestion后的同位語從句中 謂語動詞用 should do 6 should finish 在insist表示 堅決要求 時 其后的賓語從句的謂語動詞用 should 動詞原形 7 is 該句的insists表示 堅持認為 其賓語從句的謂語動詞用陳述語氣 8 was suggested表示 表明 說明 其賓語從句的謂語動詞用陳述語氣 9 were 在表示愿望的wish后的賓語從句 其賓語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去式表示現(xiàn)在的愿望 10 gave或shouldgive 在It stimethat句型的that從句中 謂語動詞用一般過去時或 should 動詞原形 11 should notplay 句中insist表示 堅決要求 其賓語從句的謂語用 should 動詞原形 12 or otherwise 由后面句中的謂語wouldbe可知 前面用or或otherwise 否則 來表示虛擬條件 13 Without 由后面的woulddie可知 填without表示虛擬條件 14 asked 在wouldrather后的從句中 用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?15 hadfinished 表示與過去事實相反的情況 虛擬條件句的謂語用過去完成時 第二課時寫作增分課 虛擬語氣在寫作中的增分點一 使用 虛擬語氣 表達 愿望 1 我多么希望我能更聰明一些 精力更充沛一些 howIwish moreintelligent moreenergetic 2 要是我上初中時沒把時間浪費在看小說上該多好啊 ifonly wastetimeindoing readnovels injuniorhighschool HowIwishIweremoreintelligentandmoreenergetic IfonlyIhadn twastedthetimeinreadingnovelswhenIwasinjuniorhighschool 3 是該你盡最大努力來趕上別人的時候了 it shightimethat catchupwithothers 4 我想你明天還是不來的好 Iwouldrather 5 他在課堂上如此昏昏欲睡 好像他幾天都沒睡過覺一樣 sleepy inclass asif It shightimethatyoutried shouldtryyourbesttocatchupwithothers Iwouldratheryoudidn tetomorrow Hewassosleepyinclassasifhehadn tsleptawinkforseveraldays 6 我感到如此惡心 我希望母親沒有逼我吃那么多 sick wish force 二 在寫作中巧妙運用虛擬條件句1 如果當時我身上錢足夠的話 我就把那本書買下來了 haveenoughmoneywithme 2 如果明天下雨 野餐將會取消 putoff untilnextweek 條件句用三種方法翻譯 Ifeelsosick IwishMumhadn tforcedmetoeatsomuch IfIhadenoughmoneywithmeatthattime Iwouldhaveboughtthebook Ifitrained shouldrain weretoraintomorrow thepicnicwouldbecancelled 3 如果你過去學英語方法正確的話 你的英語現(xiàn)在就不會這么糟 learnEnglishintherightway sobad 4 如果計劃有變化 我會立即通知你 shouldtherebe change theplan inform immediately 5 要是你再早一點兒來的話 你就不會受到懲罰了 hadyou punish IfyouhadlearnedEnglishintherightway itwouldn tbesobadnow HadyoulearnedEnglishintherightway itwouldn tbesobadnow Shouldtherebeanychangeabouttheplan Iwouldinformyouimmediately Hadyoueearlier youwouldn thavebeenpunished Ifyouhadeearlier youwouldn thavebeenpunished 三 學會熟練使用含蓄條件句1 在競賽中他本可以得金牌 但他卻在比賽開始時就摔倒了 winagoldmedal but fallover 2 如果沒有電 生活對于許多人來說將是痛苦的 without miserable Hecouldhavewonagoldmedal buthefelloverimmediatelytheracebegan Withoutelectricity lifewouldbemiserableformanypeople 3 路上堵車了 要不然我早就到了 becaughtin otherwise behereearlier 4 要不是你的幫助 我在作文競賽中就得不了一等獎 butfor thefirstprize theEnglishWritingCompetition Iwascaughtinthetrafficjam otherwiseIwouldhaveehereearlier Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition 四 用 should 動詞原形 來表達 想讓某人做某事 1 他堅持說他從來沒有見過那支鋼筆 并堅持要她道歉 insist makeanapology 2 醫(yī)生臉上吃驚的表情表明我母親的病很嚴重 醫(yī)生建議她馬上動手術(shù) thesurprisedlook suggest illness serious beoperatedon Heinsistedthathehadneverseenthepenandinsistedshemakeanapology Thesurprisedlookonthedoctor sfacesuggestedthatmymother sillnesswasseriousandhesuggestedshebeoperatedonatonce 3 要求每個學生在聽報告時要記筆記 request takenotes while 4 我們催促政府馬上采取行動 urge thegovernment takemeasures Itisrequestedthateverystudenttakenoteswhilelisteningtothereport Weurgethatthegovernmenttakemeasuresatonce