第一組第一組1abandon vtvt.拋棄，舍棄，放棄拋棄，舍棄，放棄歸納歸納abandon oneself to縱情縱情于于，沉溺，沉溺 于于拓展拓展abandoned adjadj. 被棄的；放縱的被棄的；放縱的Eventually，rescuers abandoned all hope of finding any more survivors of the crash.最終救援人員完全放棄了會(huì)再找到墜機(jī)生還者的希望。最終救援人員完全放棄了會(huì)再找到墜機(jī)生還者的希望。2absence n n缺席，不在；缺乏缺席，不在；缺乏歸納歸納in/during ones absence 某人不在的時(shí)候某人不在的時(shí)候 in the absence of 由于缺乏由于缺乏拓展拓展absent adjadj. 缺席的，不在的缺席的，不在的 be absent from 從從缺席缺席However，learning English is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，在缺乏母語(yǔ)環(huán)境下學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)相當(dāng)困難。然而，在缺乏母語(yǔ)環(huán)境下學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)相當(dāng)困難。3absorb vtvt.吸收；使全神貫注吸收；使全神貫注歸納歸納be absorbed in 全神貫注于全神貫注于He lay on the sofa，absorbed in a book.他躺在沙發(fā)上，沉浸在書(shū)里。他躺在沙發(fā)上，沉浸在書(shū)里。4access n n& v.& v.通道，接近，進(jìn)入；機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利；存取通道，接近，進(jìn)入；機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利；存取歸納歸納have access to 有權(quán)進(jìn)入，有權(quán)接觸有權(quán)進(jìn)入，有權(quán)接觸拓展拓展accessible adjadj.易到達(dá)的，易進(jìn)入的，易得到的易到達(dá)的，易進(jìn)入的，易得到的It is reported that 1.1 billion people in the world have no access to clean drinking water.據(jù)報(bào)道，全世界有據(jù)報(bào)道，全世界有1.1億人無(wú)法獲取干凈的飲用水。億人無(wú)法獲取干凈的飲用水。6accustomed adjadj.習(xí)慣于；慣常的習(xí)慣于；慣常的歸納歸納be/get accustomed to 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于拓展拓展be/get used to 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于Accustomed to climbing the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.習(xí)慣于爬陡峭的山，他爬上山頂沒(méi)有困難。習(xí)慣于爬陡峭的山，他爬上山頂沒(méi)有困難。7adapt v v(使使)適應(yīng)；改編適應(yīng)；改編歸納歸納adapt (oneself) to 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)拓展拓展adaptation n n. 適應(yīng)；改編適應(yīng)；改編區(qū)別區(qū)別adopt vtvt. 采納；收養(yǎng)采納；收養(yǎng)(2009浙江高考浙江高考)The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.孩子的好處是他們很容易適應(yīng)環(huán)境。孩子的好處是他們很容易適應(yīng)環(huán)境。8adjust v v調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣歸納歸納adjust (oneself) to 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)拓展拓展adjustment n n. 調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)You can adjust this desk to the height of any child.你可以把這書(shū)桌高度調(diào)整到適合任何一個(gè)孩子使用。你可以把這書(shū)桌高度調(diào)整到適合任何一個(gè)孩子使用。10advantage n n優(yōu)點(diǎn)；優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)點(diǎn)；優(yōu)勢(shì)歸納歸納take advantage of 利用利用 to ones advantage/to the advantage of sb. 對(duì)某人有利對(duì)某人有利 have advantage over 比比有有優(yōu)優(yōu)勢(shì)勢(shì)拓展拓展disadvantage 劣勢(shì)劣勢(shì) put sb.at a disadvantage 使某人處于不利地位使某人處于不利地位We took advantage of the fine weather to go on a hike.我們利用好天氣去遠(yuǎn)足了。我們利用好天氣去遠(yuǎn)足了。11advise v v建議，勸告建議，勸告歸納歸納advise (doing) sth. 建議做某事建議做某事 advise sb.to do sth. 建議某人做某事建議某人做某事拓展拓展advice n n. 建議，勸告建議，勸告 a piece of advice 一條建議一條建議 follow/take sb.s advice聽(tīng)從某人的建議聽(tīng)從某人的建議Passengers are advised not to leave their bags unattended.建議乘客看管好自己的提包。建議乘客看管好自己的提包。表示表示“同意同意/ /贊同贊同”1agree 同意同意We agreed to meet up later and talk things over.我們同意稍后見(jiàn)面把情況好好談一談。我們同意稍后見(jiàn)面把情況好好談一談。I agree with my mother about most things.在大多數(shù)事情上我與我母親意見(jiàn)一致。在大多數(shù)事情上我與我母親意見(jiàn)一致。2(be) for 同意，贊同同意，贊同Im all for his proposal. What about you?我完全同意他的提議，你呢？我完全同意他的提議，你呢？3(be) in favour of 同意，贊同，支持同意，贊同，支持Im all in favour of trying to find ways to save money.我完全支持盡量想出省錢(qián)的辦法。我完全支持盡量想出省錢(qián)的辦法。4approve of贊同，贊許贊同，贊許I dont really approve of children wearing makeup.我不太贊同兒童化妝。我不太贊同兒童化妝。第二組第二組1afford vtvt.負(fù)擔(dān)得起負(fù)擔(dān)得起(的的費(fèi)用費(fèi)用)；抽得出；抽得出(時(shí)間時(shí)間)歸納歸納can (cant) afford sth.能能(不能不能)承擔(dān)某事承擔(dān)某事 can (cant) afford to do sth. 能能(不能不能)負(fù)擔(dān)做某事負(fù)擔(dān)做某事It is a very important exam，so I cant afford to fail it.這是一個(gè)非常重要的考試，我不可以失敗。這是一個(gè)非常重要的考試，我不可以失敗。2allow vtvt.允許，準(zhǔn)許允許，準(zhǔn)許歸納歸納allow (doing) sth. 允許允許(做做)某事某事 allow sb.to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事 allow for 考慮到考慮到拓展拓展allowance n n. 津貼，補(bǔ)助津貼，補(bǔ)助(2008江西高考江西高考)We finished the run in less than half the time allowed.我們用了還不到被允許時(shí)間的一半就跑完了全程。我們用了還不到被允許時(shí)間的一半就跑完了全程。3amount n n數(shù)量數(shù)量 vivi.總計(jì)；等于總計(jì)；等于A million dollars is a large amount of money to me.100萬(wàn)美元對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆巨款。萬(wàn)美元對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆巨款。4announce v v宣布，宣告宣布，宣告拓展拓展announcement n n. 宣告，聲明，通知宣告，聲明，通知The government announced its new economic policies.政府宣布了新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。政府宣布了新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。5anxious adjadj.憂(yōu)慮的，焦急的；渴望的憂(yōu)慮的，焦急的；渴望的歸納歸納be anxious about 對(duì)對(duì)感感到焦慮到焦慮 be anxious for 渴望渴望拓展拓展anxiety n n. 憂(yōu)慮，擔(dān)心，掛念憂(yōu)慮，擔(dān)心，掛念She is still absent.I am anxious about her.她還沒(méi)來(lái)呢，我真擔(dān)心她。她還沒(méi)來(lái)呢，我真擔(dān)心她。6apologize v v道歉道歉歸納歸納apologize to sb.for sth.因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼敢驗(yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼竿卣雇卣筧pology n n. 道歉道歉 make an apology to sb.for sth. 因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼敢驗(yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼窰e apologized to me for stepping on my foot.他因踩了我的腳而向我道歉。他因踩了我的腳而向我道歉。7appeal v v懇求；申訴；有吸引力懇求；申訴；有吸引力 n n上訴；吸引力，魅力上訴；吸引力，魅力歸納歸納appeal to sb.for sth. 懇求懇求/呼吁呼吁某人某人 appeal to sb.to do sth. 懇求懇求/呼吁某人做某事呼吁某人做某事 appeal to sb. 吸引某人吸引某人(2010安徽高考安徽高考)How did you like Nicks performance last night？你？你認(rèn)為尼克昨晚的表演怎么樣？認(rèn)為尼克昨晚的表演怎么樣？To be honest，his singing didnt appeal to me much.老實(shí)說(shuō)，他的演唱對(duì)我沒(méi)有多大吸引力。老實(shí)說(shuō)，他的演唱對(duì)我沒(méi)有多大吸引力。8apply v v申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用歸納歸納apply (to sb.)for (向某人向某人)申請(qǐng)申請(qǐng) apply.to 把把應(yīng)用到應(yīng)用到 apply to 適用于適用于拓展拓展applicant n n. 申請(qǐng)者申請(qǐng)者 application n n. 申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用 To better apply theory to practice，Bruce applied to work at a grossroots unit，where an experienced workmate told him that safety was a rule that applied to everyone.為為了更好地將理論運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐，布魯斯申請(qǐng)去基層工作，了更好地將理論運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐，布魯斯申請(qǐng)去基層工作，在基層，一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同事告訴他安全是一條適用于每在基層，一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同事告訴他安全是一條適用于每個(gè)人的規(guī)則。個(gè)人的規(guī)則。9appreciate vtvt.欣賞；感激欣賞；感激歸納歸納appreciate (doing) sth. 感激感激(做做)某事某事I would appreciate it if.如果如果，我，我將不勝感激。將不勝感激。拓展拓展appreciation n n. 欣賞；感激欣賞；感激I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down.如果你把音樂(lè)音量調(diào)小點(diǎn)，我將不勝感激。如果你把音樂(lè)音量調(diào)小點(diǎn)，我將不勝感激。10approach n n方法；接近方法；接近 v v靠近，接近靠近，接近歸納歸納approach to 的的方法方法As the headmaster approached，our coach，a person easy to approach，was teaching us a new approach to defend.當(dāng)校長(zhǎng)走近時(shí)，我們平易近人的教練正在教我們一種當(dāng)校長(zhǎng)走近時(shí)，我們平易近人的教練正在教我們一種新的防守方法。新的防守方法。11approve v v贊成，同意；批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)贊成，同意；批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)歸納歸納approve of 贊同贊同 approve of sb. doing sth.贊同某人做某事贊同某人做某事拓展拓展approval n n. 贊成；批準(zhǔn)贊成；批準(zhǔn)I dont really approve of children wearing makeup.我真的不贊同小孩子化妝。我真的不贊同小孩子化妝。表示表示“不同意不同意/ /意見(jiàn)有分歧意見(jiàn)有分歧/ /反對(duì)反對(duì)”1disagree with 不同意不同意I disagree with you I think shes done a very good job.我不同意你的看法，我認(rèn)為她干得很出色。我不同意你的看法，我認(rèn)為她干得很出色。2(be)against 反對(duì)反對(duì)Are you for his plan or against it?你贊成還是反對(duì)他的計(jì)劃？你贊成還是反對(duì)他的計(jì)劃？3(be) opposed to 反對(duì)反對(duì)I am strongly opposed to your going there alone.我強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)你單獨(dú)去那里。我強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)你單獨(dú)去那里。4object to 反對(duì)，不贊成反對(duì)，不贊成He objects to being treated like a child.他討厭被當(dāng)成小孩子看待。他討厭被當(dāng)成小孩子看待。第三組第三組1argue v v辯論，爭(zhēng)論辯論，爭(zhēng)論歸納歸納argue with sb. about sth. 與某人辯論某事與某人辯論某事 argue for/against 贊成贊成/反對(duì)反對(duì) argue sb.into/out of 說(shuō)服某人做說(shuō)服某人做/不做不做拓展拓展argument n n. 辯論，爭(zhēng)論辯論，爭(zhēng)論Believe it or not，I argued her into buying a new car.信不信由你，我說(shuō)服她買(mǎi)了一輛新車(chē)。信不信由你，我說(shuō)服她買(mǎi)了一輛新車(chē)。2ashamed adjadj.慚愧的，羞愧的慚愧的，羞愧的歸納歸納be ashamed of 因因感到慚愧感到慚愧拓展拓展shame n n. 羞愧；羞愧之事羞愧；羞愧之事 shameful adj. adj. 令人羞愧的令人羞愧的You should be ashamed of yourselftreating your mother like that!那樣對(duì)待你媽媽?zhuān)銘?yīng)該為此而感到羞愧。那樣對(duì)待你媽媽?zhuān)銘?yīng)該為此而感到羞愧。3assume v v假定，假設(shè)假定，假設(shè)拓展拓展assumption n n. 假定，假設(shè)假定，假設(shè) make an assumption 做假定做假定Assuming that the proposal is accepted，when are we going to get the money?假定這個(gè)建議被接受了，我們什么時(shí)候拿到錢(qián)？假定這個(gè)建議被接受了，我們什么時(shí)候拿到錢(qián)？4.astonish vtvt.使驚訝，使吃驚使驚訝，使吃驚歸納歸納be astonished at/by 對(duì)對(duì)感到吃驚感到吃驚拓展拓展astonishing adj. adj. 令人驚訝的令人驚訝的 astonished adj. adj. 感到驚訝的感到驚訝的 astonishment n n. 驚訝驚訝 in astonishment 驚訝地驚訝地 to ones astonishment 令某人驚訝的是令某人驚訝的是From his astonished voice，we can know that the film was perhaps astonishing.從他驚訝的聲音中我們可以得知，這部影片或許是令人驚訝的。從他驚訝的聲音中我們可以得知，這部影片或許是令人驚訝的。5attach v v固定；依附于；重視固定；依附于；重視歸納歸納attach.to認(rèn)為認(rèn)為有有(重要性等重要性等) be attached to 附屬于；被固定于；喜歡，依戀附屬于；被固定于；喜歡，依戀To be honest，a great many people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.說(shuō)實(shí)在的，很多人把名和利看得很重。說(shuō)實(shí)在的，很多人把名和利看得很重。7attend v v注意，專(zhuān)心；出席，參加注意，專(zhuān)心；出席，參加歸納歸納attend to處理；接待處理；接待 attend on 照料；服侍照料；服侍拓展拓展attention n n. 注意注意 pay attention to 注意注意She had to attend on her sick mother，so she didnt attend school and didnt attend the meeting，either.她得照顧生病的母親，所以她沒(méi)上學(xué)，也沒(méi)參加那次她得照顧生病的母親，所以她沒(méi)上學(xué)，也沒(méi)參加那次會(huì)議。會(huì)議。8attitude n n態(tài)度，看法態(tài)度，看法歸納歸納attitude towards/to對(duì)于對(duì)于的的態(tài)度態(tài)度/看法看法Peters attitude towards women really scares me.彼得對(duì)婦女的態(tài)度著實(shí)嚇了我一跳。彼得對(duì)婦女的態(tài)度著實(shí)嚇了我一跳。9available adjadj.可獲得的；可利用的；有空的可獲得的；可利用的；有空的The university is trying to make more accommodation available for students.該大學(xué)在設(shè)法為學(xué)生提供更多的住處。該大學(xué)在設(shè)法為學(xué)生提供更多的住處。10average adjadj.平均的；普通的平均的；普通的 n n平均數(shù)平均數(shù)歸納歸納above/below (the) average在平均水平以上在平均水平以上/以下以下 on（ the） average 平均平均(2009全國(guó)高考全國(guó)高考)On average, people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do.一般而言，不吸煙的人比吸煙者身體健康一般而言，不吸煙的人比吸煙者身體健康。11avoid v v避免；防止避免；防止歸納歸納avoid (doing) sth. 避免避免(做做)某事某事I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me.因?yàn)樗鲜菬┪?，所以我盡力避免與之碰面。因?yàn)樗鲜菬┪?，所以我盡力避免與之碰面。表示表示“對(duì)對(duì)有影響有影響/ /導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致/ /造成造成”1affect (influence) vtvt. .影響影響How do you think the changes will affect you?你認(rèn)為這些變化會(huì)如何影響你？你認(rèn)為這些變化會(huì)如何影響你？2have on effect (influence，impact) on對(duì)對(duì)有影響有影響Any change in lifestyle will have an effect on your health.生活方式的任何改變都將影響你的健康。生活方式的任何改變都將影響你的健康。3cause (lead to，result in，bring about，contribute to)導(dǎo)致，造成導(dǎo)致，造成Heavy traffic is causing long delays on the freeway.擁擠的交通正造成高速公路上的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延誤。擁擠的交通正造成高速公路上的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延誤。The heavy rain led to serious floods.這場(chǎng)暴雨造成了嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害。這場(chǎng)暴雨造成了嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害。