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1、第一組第一組1abandon vtvt.拋棄，舍棄，放棄拋棄，舍棄，放棄歸納歸納abandon oneself to縱情縱情于于，沉溺，沉溺 于于拓展拓展abandoned adjadj. 被棄的；放縱的被棄的；放縱的Eventually，rescuers abandoned all hope of finding any more survivors of the crash.最終救援人員完全放棄了會(huì)再找到墜機(jī)生還者的希望。最終救援人員完全放棄了會(huì)再找到墜機(jī)生還者的希望。2absence n n缺席，不在；缺乏缺席，不在；缺乏歸納歸納in/during ones absence 某人不在的時(shí)

2、候某人不在的時(shí)候 in the absence of 由于缺乏由于缺乏拓展拓展absent adjadj. 缺席的，不在的缺席的，不在的 be absent from 從從缺席缺席However，learning English is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，在缺乏母語(yǔ)環(huán)境下學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)相當(dāng)困難。然而，在缺乏母語(yǔ)環(huán)境下學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)相當(dāng)困難。3absorb vtvt.吸收；使全神貫注吸收；使全神貫注歸納歸納be absorbed in 全神貫注于全神貫注于He lay on the sofa，ab

3、sorbed in a book.他躺在沙發(fā)上，沉浸在書(shū)里。他躺在沙發(fā)上，沉浸在書(shū)里。4access n n& v.& v.通道，接近，進(jìn)入；機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利；存取通道，接近，進(jìn)入；機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利；存取歸納歸納have access to 有權(quán)進(jìn)入，有權(quán)接觸有權(quán)進(jìn)入，有權(quán)接觸拓展拓展accessible adjadj.易到達(dá)的，易進(jìn)入的，易得到的易到達(dá)的，易進(jìn)入的，易得到的It is reported that 1.1 billion people in the world have no access to clean drinking water.據(jù)報(bào)道，全世界有據(jù)報(bào)道，全世界有1.1億人無(wú)法獲取干

4、凈的飲用水。億人無(wú)法獲取干凈的飲用水。6accustomed adjadj.習(xí)慣于；慣常的習(xí)慣于；慣常的歸納歸納be/get accustomed to 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于拓展拓展be/get used to 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于Accustomed to climbing the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.習(xí)慣于爬陡峭的山，他爬上山頂沒(méi)有困難。習(xí)慣于爬陡峭的山，他爬上山頂沒(méi)有困難。7adapt v v(使使)適應(yīng)；改編適應(yīng)；改編歸納歸納adapt (oneself) to 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)拓展拓展adaptation n n. 適應(yīng)；

5、改編適應(yīng)；改編區(qū)別區(qū)別adopt vtvt. 采納；收養(yǎng)采納；收養(yǎng)(2009浙江高考浙江高考)The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.孩子的好處是他們很容易適應(yīng)環(huán)境。孩子的好處是他們很容易適應(yīng)環(huán)境。8adjust v v調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣歸納歸納adjust (oneself) to 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)拓展拓展adjustment n n. 調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)You can adjust this desk to the height of any chi

6、ld.你可以把這書(shū)桌高度調(diào)整到適合任何一個(gè)孩子使用。你可以把這書(shū)桌高度調(diào)整到適合任何一個(gè)孩子使用。10advantage n n優(yōu)點(diǎn)；優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)點(diǎn)；優(yōu)勢(shì)歸納歸納take advantage of 利用利用 to ones advantage/to the advantage of sb. 對(duì)某人有利對(duì)某人有利 have advantage over 比比有有優(yōu)優(yōu)勢(shì)勢(shì)拓展拓展disadvantage 劣勢(shì)劣勢(shì) put sb.at a disadvantage 使某人處于不利地位使某人處于不利地位We took advantage of the fine weather to go on a hike

7、.我們利用好天氣去遠(yuǎn)足了。我們利用好天氣去遠(yuǎn)足了。11advise v v建議，勸告建議，勸告歸納歸納advise (doing) sth. 建議做某事建議做某事 advise sb.to do sth. 建議某人做某事建議某人做某事拓展拓展advice n n. 建議，勸告建議，勸告 a piece of advice 一條建議一條建議 follow/take sb.s advice聽(tīng)從某人的建議聽(tīng)從某人的建議Passengers are advised not to leave their bags unattended.建議乘客看管好自己的提包。建議乘客看管好自己的提包。表示表示“同意同

8、意/ /贊同贊同”1agree 同意同意We agreed to meet up later and talk things over.我們同意稍后見(jiàn)面把情況好好談一談。我們同意稍后見(jiàn)面把情況好好談一談。I agree with my mother about most things.在大多數(shù)事情上我與我母親意見(jiàn)一致。在大多數(shù)事情上我與我母親意見(jiàn)一致。2(be) for 同意，贊同同意，贊同Im all for his proposal. What about you?我完全同意他的提議，你呢？我完全同意他的提議，你呢？3(be) in favour of 同意，贊同，支持同意，贊同，支持Im

9、 all in favour of trying to find ways to save money.我完全支持盡量想出省錢(qián)的辦法。我完全支持盡量想出省錢(qián)的辦法。4approve of贊同，贊許贊同，贊許I dont really approve of children wearing makeup.我不太贊同兒童化妝。我不太贊同兒童化妝。第二組第二組1afford vtvt.負(fù)擔(dān)得起負(fù)擔(dān)得起(的的費(fèi)用費(fèi)用)；抽得出；抽得出(時(shí)間時(shí)間)歸納歸納can (cant) afford sth.能能(不能不能)承擔(dān)某事承擔(dān)某事 can (cant) afford to do sth. 能能(不能不能

10、)負(fù)擔(dān)做某事負(fù)擔(dān)做某事It is a very important exam，so I cant afford to fail it.這是一個(gè)非常重要的考試，我不可以失敗。這是一個(gè)非常重要的考試，我不可以失敗。2allow vtvt.允許，準(zhǔn)許允許，準(zhǔn)許歸納歸納allow (doing) sth. 允許允許(做做)某事某事 allow sb.to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事 allow for 考慮到考慮到拓展拓展allowance n n. 津貼，補(bǔ)助津貼，補(bǔ)助(2008江西高考江西高考)We finished the run in less than half the t

11、ime allowed.我們用了還不到被允許時(shí)間的一半就跑完了全程。我們用了還不到被允許時(shí)間的一半就跑完了全程。3amount n n數(shù)量數(shù)量 vivi.總計(jì)；等于總計(jì)；等于A million dollars is a large amount of money to me.100萬(wàn)美元對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆巨款。萬(wàn)美元對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆巨款。4announce v v宣布，宣告宣布，宣告拓展拓展announcement n n. 宣告，聲明，通知宣告，聲明，通知The government announced its new economic policies.政府宣布了新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。政府宣布了新的經(jīng)濟(jì)

12、政策。5anxious adjadj.憂(yōu)慮的，焦急的；渴望的憂(yōu)慮的，焦急的；渴望的歸納歸納be anxious about 對(duì)對(duì)感感到焦慮到焦慮 be anxious for 渴望渴望拓展拓展anxiety n n. 憂(yōu)慮，擔(dān)心，掛念憂(yōu)慮，擔(dān)心，掛念She is still absent.I am anxious about her.她還沒(méi)來(lái)呢，我真擔(dān)心她。她還沒(méi)來(lái)呢，我真擔(dān)心她。6apologize v v道歉道歉歸納歸納apologize to sb.for sth.因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼敢驗(yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼竿卣雇卣筧pology n n. 道歉道歉 make an apology to sb.

13、for sth. 因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼敢驗(yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼窰e apologized to me for stepping on my foot.他因踩了我的腳而向我道歉。他因踩了我的腳而向我道歉。7appeal v v懇求；申訴；有吸引力懇求；申訴；有吸引力 n n上訴；吸引力，魅力上訴；吸引力，魅力歸納歸納appeal to sb.for sth. 懇求懇求/呼吁呼吁某人某人 appeal to sb.to do sth. 懇求懇求/呼吁某人做某事呼吁某人做某事 appeal to sb. 吸引某人吸引某人(2010安徽高考安徽高考)How did you like Nicks perform

14、ance last night？你？你認(rèn)為尼克昨晚的表演怎么樣？認(rèn)為尼克昨晚的表演怎么樣？To be honest，his singing didnt appeal to me much.老實(shí)說(shuō)，他的演唱對(duì)我沒(méi)有多大吸引力。老實(shí)說(shuō)，他的演唱對(duì)我沒(méi)有多大吸引力。8apply v v申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用歸納歸納apply (to sb.)for (向某人向某人)申請(qǐng)申請(qǐng) apply.to 把把應(yīng)用到應(yīng)用到 apply to 適用于適用于拓展拓展applicant n n. 申請(qǐng)者申請(qǐng)者 application n n. 申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用 To better apply theory to pr

15、actice，Bruce applied to work at a grossroots unit，where an experienced workmate told him that safety was a rule that applied to everyone.為為了更好地將理論運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐，布魯斯申請(qǐng)去基層工作，了更好地將理論運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐，布魯斯申請(qǐng)去基層工作，在基層，一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同事告訴他安全是一條適用于每在基層，一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同事告訴他安全是一條適用于每個(gè)人的規(guī)則。個(gè)人的規(guī)則。9appreciate vtvt.欣賞；感激欣賞；感激歸納歸納appreciate (doing) sth

16、. 感激感激(做做)某事某事I would appreciate it if.如果如果，我，我將不勝感激。將不勝感激。拓展拓展appreciation n n. 欣賞；感激欣賞；感激I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down.如果你把音樂(lè)音量調(diào)小點(diǎn)，我將不勝感激。如果你把音樂(lè)音量調(diào)小點(diǎn)，我將不勝感激。10approach n n方法；接近方法；接近 v v靠近，接近靠近，接近歸納歸納approach to 的的方法方法As the headmaster approached，our coach，a person easy to

17、approach，was teaching us a new approach to defend.當(dāng)校長(zhǎng)走近時(shí)，我們平易近人的教練正在教我們一種當(dāng)校長(zhǎng)走近時(shí)，我們平易近人的教練正在教我們一種新的防守方法。新的防守方法。11approve v v贊成，同意；批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)贊成，同意；批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)歸納歸納approve of 贊同贊同 approve of sb. doing sth.贊同某人做某事贊同某人做某事拓展拓展approval n n. 贊成；批準(zhǔn)贊成；批準(zhǔn)I dont really approve of children wearing makeup.我真的不贊同小孩子化妝。我真的不贊同小

18、孩子化妝。表示表示“不同意不同意/ /意見(jiàn)有分歧意見(jiàn)有分歧/ /反對(duì)反對(duì)”1disagree with 不同意不同意I disagree with you I think shes done a very good job.我不同意你的看法，我認(rèn)為她干得很出色。我不同意你的看法，我認(rèn)為她干得很出色。2(be)against 反對(duì)反對(duì)Are you for his plan or against it?你贊成還是反對(duì)他的計(jì)劃？你贊成還是反對(duì)他的計(jì)劃？3(be) opposed to 反對(duì)反對(duì)I am strongly opposed to your going there alone.我強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)

19、你單獨(dú)去那里。我強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)你單獨(dú)去那里。4object to 反對(duì)，不贊成反對(duì)，不贊成He objects to being treated like a child.他討厭被當(dāng)成小孩子看待。他討厭被當(dāng)成小孩子看待。第三組第三組1argue v v辯論，爭(zhēng)論辯論，爭(zhēng)論歸納歸納argue with sb. about sth. 與某人辯論某事與某人辯論某事 argue for/against 贊成贊成/反對(duì)反對(duì) argue sb.into/out of 說(shuō)服某人做說(shuō)服某人做/不做不做拓展拓展argument n n. 辯論，爭(zhēng)論辯論，爭(zhēng)論Believe it or not，I argued her

20、 into buying a new car.信不信由你，我說(shuō)服她買(mǎi)了一輛新車(chē)。信不信由你，我說(shuō)服她買(mǎi)了一輛新車(chē)。2ashamed adjadj.慚愧的，羞愧的慚愧的，羞愧的歸納歸納be ashamed of 因因感到慚愧感到慚愧拓展拓展shame n n. 羞愧；羞愧之事羞愧；羞愧之事 shameful adj. adj. 令人羞愧的令人羞愧的You should be ashamed of yourselftreating your mother like that!那樣對(duì)待你媽媽?zhuān)銘?yīng)該為此而感到羞愧。那樣對(duì)待你媽媽?zhuān)銘?yīng)該為此而感到羞愧。3assume v v假定，假設(shè)假定，假設(shè)拓展拓

21、展assumption n n. 假定，假設(shè)假定，假設(shè) make an assumption 做假定做假定Assuming that the proposal is accepted，when are we going to get the money?假定這個(gè)建議被接受了，我們什么時(shí)候拿到錢(qián)？假定這個(gè)建議被接受了，我們什么時(shí)候拿到錢(qián)？4.astonish vtvt.使驚訝，使吃驚使驚訝，使吃驚歸納歸納be astonished at/by 對(duì)對(duì)感到吃驚感到吃驚拓展拓展astonishing adj. adj. 令人驚訝的令人驚訝的 astonished adj. adj. 感到驚訝的感到驚訝

22、的 astonishment n n. 驚訝驚訝 in astonishment 驚訝地驚訝地 to ones astonishment 令某人驚訝的是令某人驚訝的是From his astonished voice，we can know that the film was perhaps astonishing.從他驚訝的聲音中我們可以得知，這部影片或許是令人驚訝的。從他驚訝的聲音中我們可以得知，這部影片或許是令人驚訝的。5attach v v固定；依附于；重視固定；依附于；重視歸納歸納attach.to認(rèn)為認(rèn)為有有(重要性等重要性等) be attached to 附屬于；被固定于；喜歡

23、，依戀附屬于；被固定于；喜歡，依戀To be honest，a great many people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.說(shuō)實(shí)在的，很多人把名和利看得很重。說(shuō)實(shí)在的，很多人把名和利看得很重。7attend v v注意，專(zhuān)心；出席，參加注意，專(zhuān)心；出席，參加歸納歸納attend to處理；接待處理；接待 attend on 照料；服侍照料；服侍拓展拓展attention n n. 注意注意 pay attention to 注意注意She had to attend on her sick mother，so sh

24、e didnt attend school and didnt attend the meeting，either.她得照顧生病的母親，所以她沒(méi)上學(xué)，也沒(méi)參加那次她得照顧生病的母親，所以她沒(méi)上學(xué)，也沒(méi)參加那次會(huì)議。會(huì)議。8attitude n n態(tài)度，看法態(tài)度，看法歸納歸納attitude towards/to對(duì)于對(duì)于的的態(tài)度態(tài)度/看法看法Peters attitude towards women really scares me.彼得對(duì)婦女的態(tài)度著實(shí)嚇了我一跳。彼得對(duì)婦女的態(tài)度著實(shí)嚇了我一跳。9available adjadj.可獲得的；可利用的；有空的可獲得的；可利用的；有空的The un

25、iversity is trying to make more accommodation available for students.該大學(xué)在設(shè)法為學(xué)生提供更多的住處。該大學(xué)在設(shè)法為學(xué)生提供更多的住處。10average adjadj.平均的；普通的平均的；普通的 n n平均數(shù)平均數(shù)歸納歸納above/below (the) average在平均水平以上在平均水平以上/以下以下 on（ the） average 平均平均(2009全國(guó)高考全國(guó)高考)On average, people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do.一般而言，

26、不吸煙的人比吸煙者身體健康一般而言，不吸煙的人比吸煙者身體健康。11avoid v v避免；防止避免；防止歸納歸納avoid (doing) sth. 避免避免(做做)某事某事I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me.因?yàn)樗鲜菬┪?，所以我盡力避免與之碰面。因?yàn)樗鲜菬┪遥晕冶M力避免與之碰面。表示表示“對(duì)對(duì)有影響有影響/ /導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致/ /造成造成”1affect (influence) vtvt. .影響影響How do you think the changes will affect you?你認(rèn)為這些變化會(huì)如何影響

27、你？你認(rèn)為這些變化會(huì)如何影響你？2have on effect (influence，impact) on對(duì)對(duì)有影響有影響Any change in lifestyle will have an effect on your health.生活方式的任何改變都將影響你的健康。生活方式的任何改變都將影響你的健康。3cause (lead to，result in，bring about，contribute to)導(dǎo)致，造成導(dǎo)致，造成Heavy traffic is causing long delays on the freeway.擁擠的交通正造成高速公路上的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延誤。擁擠的交通正造成高速公路上的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延誤。The heavy rain led to serious floods.這場(chǎng)暴雨造成了嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害。這場(chǎng)暴雨造成了嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害。