Unit 1充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的有充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的有: 形容詞、代詞、名形容詞、代詞、名詞、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或副詞和從句詞、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或副詞和從句.定語(yǔ)定義定語(yǔ)定義英語(yǔ)句子中修飾名詞，代詞或其英語(yǔ)句子中修飾名詞，代詞或其它名詞化了詞的句子成分叫定語(yǔ)。它名詞化了詞的句子成分叫定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)的位置一般有兩種：用在所修飾定語(yǔ)的位置一般有兩種：用在所修飾詞之前的叫前置定語(yǔ)，用在所修飾詞詞之前的叫前置定語(yǔ)，用在所修飾詞之后的叫后置定語(yǔ)。之后的叫后置定語(yǔ)。單詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞單詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)和從句作定之前，作前置定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)和從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置語(yǔ)時(shí)則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)。在英語(yǔ)里在英語(yǔ)里, ,一般定語(yǔ)前置時(shí)的次序?yàn)橐话愣ㄕZ(yǔ)前置時(shí)的次序?yàn)? :限限定詞，形容詞、分詞、動(dòng)名詞和名詞性定詞，形容詞、分詞、動(dòng)名詞和名詞性定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)。但當(dāng)幾個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在名詞。但當(dāng)幾個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在名詞短語(yǔ)之前短語(yǔ)之前, ,我們要注意其次序。其形容詞我們要注意其次序。其形容詞遵循的詞序?yàn)椋鹤裱脑~序?yàn)椋合抻^形齡色國(guó)材，指：限觀形齡色國(guó)材，指：限定詞（一般指數(shù)量）；外觀（美麗限定詞（一般指數(shù)量）；外觀（美麗等）；形狀（大小，高矮，肥瘦）；年等）；形狀（大小，高矮，肥瘦）；年齡；顏色；國(guó)籍；材料；用途。齡；顏色；國(guó)籍；材料；用途。如：如：一一 定語(yǔ)前置定語(yǔ)前置如：如：a famous American universityan interesting little red French oil paintinga new plastic bucketpurple velvet curtainsan elegant German clock1) 描述身體特征的形容詞先于表示情描述身體特征的形容詞先于表示情感和性格特征的形容詞感和性格特征的形容詞例如例如:a small lovely girl , a long patient queue , a pale anxious patient ; 2) 表示顏色的形容詞放在表示情感和表示顏色的形容詞放在表示情感和性格特征的形容詞之后性格特征的形容詞之后例如例如:a kindly black teacher ,an inquisitive brown dog ;另外另外,有些形容詞也有特殊的次序有些形容詞也有特殊的次序:3) little ,old 和和young 有時(shí)可以作為有時(shí)可以作為名詞短語(yǔ)不可分割的一部分名詞短語(yǔ)不可分割的一部分,所以可所以可以直接放在名詞之前以直接放在名詞之前,例如例如:a lovely little girl 表示性格特征的形容詞可表示性格特征的形容詞可以放在以放在old young 之前之前,也可放在也可放在old young 之后之后,例如例如:a young ambitious man (強(qiáng)調(diào)年齡強(qiáng)調(diào)年齡) ,an ambitious young man(強(qiáng)調(diào)雄心強(qiáng)調(diào)雄心勃勃勃勃) 。當(dāng)然。當(dāng)然,三個(gè)以上形容詞連用三個(gè)以上形容詞連用作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),就顯得累贅就顯得累贅,因此上面所說(shuō)的因此上面所說(shuō)的情況一般較少出現(xiàn)。情況一般較少出現(xiàn)。 It was a conference fruitful of results. 那是一個(gè)碩果累累的會(huì)議。那是一個(gè)碩果累累的會(huì)議。He gave me a basket full of eggs. 他給我一個(gè)裝滿雞蛋的籃子。他給我一個(gè)裝滿雞蛋的籃子。 二二 定語(yǔ)后置定語(yǔ)后置（1）短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)一般后置）短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)一般后置（English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master. 英語(yǔ)是一門容易學(xué)但是難精通的語(yǔ)言。英語(yǔ)是一門容易學(xué)但是難精通的語(yǔ)言。The boys hardest to teach are all in his class.最難教的男生都在他的班里了。最難教的男生都在他的班里了。 Lets go somewhere quiet. 咱們?nèi)フ覀€(gè)安靜一點(diǎn)的地方吧。咱們?nèi)フ覀€(gè)安靜一點(diǎn)的地方吧。There is nothing important in todays paper. 今天報(bào)紙上沒(méi)有什么重要的東西。今天報(bào)紙上沒(méi)有什么重要的東西。Do you have anything more to say? 你還有什么話要說(shuō)嗎你還有什么話要說(shuō)嗎?（2）修飾）修飾some，any，no，every等詞構(gòu)等詞構(gòu) 成的不定代詞的定語(yǔ)都后置成的不定代詞的定語(yǔ)都后置 The people here are very friendly. 這里的人很友好。這里的人很友好。They lived in the room above.他他們住在樓上的房間。們住在樓上的房間。（3）副詞作定語(yǔ)）副詞作定語(yǔ) He is a person dependable. 他是一個(gè)可以依靠的人他是一個(gè)可以依靠的人This is the only transportation means available. 這是唯一可行的這是唯一可行的交通工具。交通工具。（4）動(dòng)詞、名詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的以）動(dòng)詞、名詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的以-able,-ible 結(jié)尾的形容詞作定語(yǔ)結(jié)尾的形容詞作定語(yǔ)1 Everybody involved should stay here.2 The college mentioned.（5）起強(qiáng)調(diào)用的單個(gè)分詞）起強(qiáng)調(diào)用的單個(gè)分詞1 Fill in the blanks with the words in the _. A. above box B. below box C. box above D. under boxC above副詞作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)后置。副詞作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)后置。2 “Can you find the _”? said the policeman to the little boy. A. way back home B. home way back C. back home way D. back way homeA back副詞作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)后置。副詞作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)后置。3 There wasnt _ in the managers speech. It was boring. A. interesting anything B. something interesting C. anything of interesting D. anything of interestD 作定語(yǔ)用的短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)用的短語(yǔ)of interest修飾不定修飾不定代詞時(shí)要后置。這個(gè)句子是否定句，代詞時(shí)要后置。這個(gè)句子是否定句，因此選項(xiàng)因此選項(xiàng)B不對(duì)。不對(duì)。4 Mr Scott is one of the _ after the terrible earthquake in that village. A. alive survivors B. live survivors C. survivors alive D. living survivorsC 部分以部分以a-開(kāi)頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞開(kāi)頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞有時(shí)也可作定語(yǔ)，但須后置。有時(shí)也可作定語(yǔ)，但須后置。5 Yesterday, a Mr Brown, _, came to visit you. A. 28-year-old B. 28 years old C. 28-years-old D. of 28 year oldB 作定語(yǔ)用的形容詞與表示度量的短作定語(yǔ)用的形容詞與表示度量的短語(yǔ)連用時(shí)要后置。但復(fù)合形容詞語(yǔ)連用時(shí)要后置。但復(fù)合形容詞28-year-old只能作前置定語(yǔ)。只能作前置定語(yǔ)。 英語(yǔ)里有大量的定語(yǔ)從句英語(yǔ)里有大量的定語(yǔ)從句,而漢而漢語(yǔ)里卻沒(méi)有定語(yǔ)從句的說(shuō)法。英語(yǔ)里卻沒(méi)有定語(yǔ)從句的說(shuō)法。英語(yǔ)中定語(yǔ)從句中甚至還可能包含語(yǔ)中定語(yǔ)從句中甚至還可能包含定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句,即多重定語(yǔ)從句。即多重定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句如：如： A healthy diet includes enough but not too many kinds of foods that provide the body with the nutrients that it needs to function properly. (健康的飲食包括的食物應(yīng)該充足但又不過(guò)健康的飲食包括的食物應(yīng)該充足但又不過(guò)多。這些食物提供身體正?；顒?dòng)所必需的多。這些食物提供身體正?；顒?dòng)所必需的營(yíng)養(yǎng)營(yíng)養(yǎng))1）英語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句中）英語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句中,分句以其主句分句以其主句 為基干為基干,通過(guò)連接手段通過(guò)連接手段,一層一層一層一層 地展開(kāi)地展開(kāi),就好像一棵樹(shù)的樹(shù)干上就好像一棵樹(shù)的樹(shù)干上 長(zhǎng)出大枝子長(zhǎng)出大枝子,大枝子上再長(zhǎng)出小大枝子上再長(zhǎng)出小枝枝 子。漢語(yǔ)的分句則更多按照時(shí)間子。漢語(yǔ)的分句則更多按照時(shí)間 發(fā)生的順序出現(xiàn)發(fā)生的順序出現(xiàn),依次展開(kāi)。依次展開(kāi)。 如：如： “偉大領(lǐng)袖和導(dǎo)師毛主席領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)偉大領(lǐng)袖和導(dǎo)師毛主席領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨進(jìn)行了艱苦卓絕的斗爭(zhēng)共產(chǎn)黨進(jìn)行了艱苦卓絕的斗爭(zhēng),建立了新建立了新中國(guó)中國(guó),人民得到了解放人民得到了解放,科學(xué)得到了解放。科學(xué)得到了解放?！边@句話這句話,譯成英語(yǔ)便成了譯成英語(yǔ)便成了With the founding of new China (which was) born of arduous struggles (which were) waged by the Chinese Communist Party (which was) under the leadership of our great leader and teacher Chairman Mao , our people , and science as well , won emancipation.2）英語(yǔ)中的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句所表達(dá)）英語(yǔ)中的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句所表達(dá)的的 信息信息,在漢語(yǔ)里一般由另一個(gè)小句來(lái)在漢語(yǔ)里一般由另一個(gè)小句來(lái) 表達(dá)。表達(dá)。She asked for his help which he gladly gave. 她要求他幫忙她要求他幫忙,他愉快地幫助了她。他愉快地幫助了她。定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1 This is the longest train _ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. what D. whom2 I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the farm _ you visited last week. A. when, where B. which, which C. when , which D. which , where 3 He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. them C. that D. which4 Did you see the man _ ? A.I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. whom I nodded to him D. whom I nodded to just now5 Willma won three Olympic gold medals in track, _ made her mother very happy. A. it B. that C. which D. this 6 The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 7 Is there any other reader wants to renew his book? A. who B. whom C. whose D. which1. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games_ in Beijing in 2008. (2006 四四川川) A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held2. Look out! Dont get too close to the house_ roof is under repair. (2006福建）福建） A. whose B. which C. of which D. what3. In an hour, we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. (2006 上上海）海） A. where B. when C. which D. what4. After two years research, we now have a _ better understanding of the disease. (2007 全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷II) A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite5. It isnt socially _for parents to leave children unattended at that age. (2007 山東山東) Aaccessible Badorable Cadaptable Dacceptable 6. We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of _are healthy. (2007 北京北京)A. that B. which C. what D. whom7. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007 重慶重慶) A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which8. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad(2007 上海春上海春) Athat Ball that Call what Dwhich