Unit 2 Growing pains【誦讀【誦讀積累積累】 (2011陜西高考陜西高考)假定你是中學(xué)生李華。在一位名叫假定你是中學(xué)生李華。在一位名叫TigerMom的學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)的博客上，你看到如下內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)的學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)的博客上，你看到如下內(nèi)容。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)博客內(nèi)容博客內(nèi)容、寫作要點(diǎn)寫作要點(diǎn)和和要求要求，給這位家長(zhǎng)回復(fù)。，給這位家長(zhǎng)回復(fù)。 Im the mother of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well in school, but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her. Am I wrong? 寫作要點(diǎn)：寫作要點(diǎn)：1. 表明自己的看法；表明自己的看法；2. 陳述自己的理由陳述自己的理由(可舉例說明可舉例說明); 3. 提出至少兩條建議。提出至少兩條建議。Hi, TigerMom, What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. My idea is that it is not quite right for you to do so. Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating students and for their future university admission, development in wisdom, emotion, health, and life attitude should never be ignored. There are many examples around us. Some all-A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected. The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost notime for other activities. Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically. So I suggest that you take your friends advice. More importantly, let her live like a lovely girl; let her have more friends and social activities; and let her make mistakes of her own as we teenagers often do. 【嘗試運(yùn)用【嘗試運(yùn)用】詞匯翻譯詞匯翻譯結(jié)果結(jié)果(是是) _決不決不 _更重要的是更重要的是 _社會(huì)活動(dòng)社會(huì)活動(dòng) _像預(yù)料的一樣像預(yù)料的一樣 _turn outby no meansmore importantlysocial activitiesas. . . as expected一句多譯一句多譯我建議你不要給孩子施加太大的壓力。我建議你不要給孩子施加太大的壓力。_. _. _. I suggest that you (should) not put too much pressure on yourchildI suggest you/your not putting too much pressure on yourchildMy suggestion is that you (should) not put too much pressureon your child句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換The experiment was as successful as it had been expected. The experiment was _ _ _ _. as successful as expected. 單詞盤點(diǎn)單詞盤點(diǎn)核心速記核心速記1. _ (vi. &vt. ) 彎腰，屈身彎腰，屈身, (使使)彎曲彎曲2. _ (n. ) 過錯(cuò)，錯(cuò)誤過錯(cuò)，錯(cuò)誤3. _ (n. ) (戲劇的戲劇的)一場(chǎng)一場(chǎng); 場(chǎng)面；景色場(chǎng)面；景色4. _ (adj. ) 不高興的不高興的, 失望的失望的 (vt. ) 使不高興，使失望使不高興，使失望bendfaultsceneupset5. _ (vt. ) 值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受6. _ (vt. ) 處理；應(yīng)付處理；應(yīng)付7. _ (vi. ) 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為8. _(vt. ) 禁止禁止9. _ (n. &adj. ) 正常正常(的的)，一般，一般(的的)10. _ (vt. &vi. & n. ) 平衡平衡; 抵消抵消deservehandleinsistforbidnormalbalance聯(lián)想串記聯(lián)想串記11. _ (adj. ) 受驚的；害怕的受驚的；害怕的 _(adj. ) 令人令人恐懼的恐懼的, 令人害怕的令人害怕的_(vt. ) 使驚嚇使驚嚇, 害怕害怕 _(vt. )驚嚇；害怕驚嚇；害怕12. _ (vi. ) 挨餓；餓死挨餓；餓死 (vt. )使挨餓使挨餓 _ (n. ) 餓餓死，饑餓死，饑餓13. _ (vt. ) 容忍；允許容忍；允許_ (n. ) 容忍；允許容忍；允許_ (adj. )寬容的寬容的, 容忍的容忍的frightenedfrighteningfrightenstarvestarvationtoleratetolerancetolerantfright14. _(n. )行為，舉止行為，舉止_ (vt. &vi. )表現(xiàn)表現(xiàn)15. _ (vt. )辯解，辯白；防御，保護(hù)辯解，辯白；防御，保護(hù)_/_ (n. ) 防御防御, 答辯答辯, 防務(wù)防務(wù)_ (adj. )防衛(wèi)的防衛(wèi)的, 防御的防御的, 辯護(hù)的辯護(hù)的16. _ (n. ) 解釋，說明解釋，說明_ (vt. &vi. )解釋，解釋，說明說明 17. _ (n. ) 爭(zhēng)吵，辯論；論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)爭(zhēng)吵，辯論；論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)_ (vt. &vi. )爭(zhēng)論，辯論；主張，說服爭(zhēng)論，辯論；主張，說服18. _ (vt. &n. ) 傷害傷害_ (adj. ) 有害的有害的behavior (BrE behaviour)behavedefenddefence defensedefensiveexplanationexplainargumentargueharmharmful19. _ (adj. ) 不友好的，冷淡的，疏遠(yuǎn)的；遙遠(yuǎn)的不友好的，冷淡的，疏遠(yuǎn)的；遙遠(yuǎn)的_ (n. ) 距離，間距；遙遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)方；冷淡，疏遠(yuǎn)距離，間距；遙遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)方；冷淡，疏遠(yuǎn)20. _ (adj. ) 憤怒的，生氣的憤怒的，生氣的_ (adj. ) 使人氣使人氣惱的；討厭的惱的；討厭的_ (vt. ) 使惱怒，使煩惱；打擾使惱怒，使煩惱；打擾, 干擾干擾21. _ (adj. )困惑的，不解的困惑的，不解的 _ (adj. )令人困令人困惑的惑的_ (vt. )使困惑，把使困惑，把弄糊涂；混淆；混亂，搞弄糊涂；混淆；混亂，搞亂亂_ (n. ) 困惑，糊涂；混淆；混亂，騷亂困惑，糊涂；混淆；混亂，騷亂22. _ (adj. )身體的；物質(zhì)的身體的；物質(zhì)的_ (adv. ) 身體上身體上地地, 實(shí)際上實(shí)際上 _ (n. )內(nèi)科醫(yī)生內(nèi)科醫(yī)生distantdistanceannoyedannoyingannoyconfusedconfusingconfuseconfusionphysicalphysicallyphysician23. _ (vi. ) 往往；趨向往往；趨向(vt. )照看照看 _(n. ) 趨向，趨趨向，趨勢(shì)勢(shì)24. _ (n. ) 限制；極限；界限限制；極限；界限(vt. )限制限制_ (adj. ) 有有限的限的tendtendencylimitlimited. 短語(yǔ)互譯短語(yǔ)互譯1. (聲音聲音)調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)，露面調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)，露面 _2. 迫不及待地做某事迫不及待地做某事 _3. 對(duì)對(duì)苛刻，對(duì)苛刻，對(duì)嚴(yán)厲嚴(yán)厲 _4. 一團(tuán)糟一團(tuán)糟 _5. (燈燈)熄滅熄滅 _6. 省略，遺漏省略，遺漏 _7. 不睡覺，熬夜不睡覺，熬夜 _8. 混淆，弄亂；攪勻，拌和混淆，弄亂；攪勻，拌和 _9. 好像，似乎好像，似乎 _turn upcant wait to do somethingbe hard onin a messgo outleave outstay upmix upas if/though10. 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 _11. 與與相處，在相處，在上進(jìn)展上進(jìn)展 _12. be supposed to _13. do with _14. now that _15. feel like _16. think of. . . as. . . _17. have difficulty (in) doing sth. _insist onget along with應(yīng)該應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)當(dāng)處理，處置處理，處置既然；由于既然；由于想要想要認(rèn)為認(rèn)為是是做某事有困難做某事有困難18. at present _19. depend on _20. keep up with _21. forbid. . . from. . . _22. go through _23. along with _24. turn out _25. trade . . . for. . . _現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在依賴，依靠；取決于依賴，依靠；取決于跟上跟上禁止禁止做做經(jīng)歷；通過經(jīng)歷；通過與與一起一起結(jié)果結(jié)果(是是)用用交換交換. 句型透視句型透視1. 過去分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)過去分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)Eric runs in after it, _(后面跟著一條大后面跟著一條大狗狗), walking very slowly. 2. with +賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)The room is in a mess, _(裝比薩餅裝比薩餅的盒子扔在地板上的盒子扔在地板上)and dirty dishes in the sink. 3. have+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Daniel _(雙臂交叉雙臂交叉) and looks upset. followed by a big dogwith pizza boxes on the floorhas his arms crossed4. whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句_(當(dāng)我想做當(dāng)我想做什么事或者提出一個(gè)建議什么事或者提出一個(gè)建議), such as a restaurant we can go to for dinner, he doesnt listen to me. 5. every time/each time/next time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Also, _(每次我看每次我看DVD) he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying. Whenever I want to do something or suggest an ideaevery time I watch a DVD. 語(yǔ)篇完形語(yǔ)篇完形 Mom and Dad were on vacation, 1. _ their two sons Daniel and Eric in 2. _ of the family. To the two sons surprise, their parents had arrived back from vacation a day earlier than 3. _. Looking around the room which was in a 4. _, Mom and Dad got very angry. Before Daniel could explain, Dad shouted at him, saying he couldnt trust him and he would punish him for his bad 5. _. Daniel couldnt 6. _ it, ran into his bedroom and slammed theleavingchargeexpectedmessbehaviortoleratedoor. In their bedroom, Eric sat on his bed looking at Daniel, who had his arms 7. _ and looked 8. _. Eric felt it was necessary to tell their parents the truth, but Daniel thought it was 9. _not to give him a chance to explain so they didnt 10. _ to know the truth that they had spent all the money taking the dog to the clinic. crossedupset/annoyedunfairdeserve1. 單詞拼寫單詞拼寫(1)The computer system has broken down, but I dont think it is my _(過錯(cuò)過錯(cuò)). (2)People _(往往往往) to need less sleep as they get older. (3)The situation has returned to _(正常正常) in the city. (4)Keep still, or youll _(使害怕使害怕) the rabbit away. (5)Mary was _(憤怒的憤怒的)to find that coffee was not ready. faulttendnormalfrightenannoyed2. 選用句型透視中的句式仿寫句子選用句型透視中的句式仿寫句子(1)那位影星走出機(jī)場(chǎng)，后面跟著一群記者。那位影星走出機(jī)場(chǎng)，后面跟著一群記者。_(2)你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)背著書包的男孩嗎你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)背著書包的男孩嗎? _(3)她很忙，每周找人打掃一次房子。她很忙，每周找人打掃一次房子。_The film star walked out of the airport, followed by a group ofreporters.Do you know the boy with a school bag on his back?She is busy and she has her house cleaned once a week.(4)無論何時(shí)遇到困難，她都找哥哥幫忙。無論何時(shí)遇到困難，她都找哥哥幫忙。_(5)下次我來的時(shí)候，我將把書還給你。下次我來的時(shí)候，我將把書還給你。_She turns to her brother for help whenever she meets withdifficulties. Ill return you the book next time I visit you. 核核心心考考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)limit3年年1考考balance3年年2考考be supposed to3年年1考考feel like3年年1考考as if3年年6考考have sth. done3年年1考考1. fault n. 過錯(cuò)，錯(cuò)誤過錯(cuò)，錯(cuò)誤Im not your sort, who is always trying to find fault with others. 我不是你那種人，總愛挑別人的不是。我不是你那種人，總愛挑別人的不是。Its your own fault for being late. 你遲到是你自己的過失。你遲到是你自己的過失。It was not our fault that we were late. 這次遲到不是我們的錯(cuò)。這次遲到不是我們的錯(cuò)。My memory was at fault. 我記錯(cuò)了。我記錯(cuò)了。【歸納【歸納】_ 挑剔，找挑剔，找的岔子，對(duì)的岔子，對(duì) 吹毛求疵吹毛求疵_ 是某人的錯(cuò)是某人的錯(cuò)be ones fault for doing sth. _at fault _【熟詞生義【熟詞生義】讀句子猜含義讀句子猜含義There is a basic fault in the design of the engine. It cannot be fixed. ( )find fault withIt be sb. s fault that. . .做某事是某人的過錯(cuò)做某事是某人的過錯(cuò)有責(zé)任，有錯(cuò)有責(zé)任，有錯(cuò)缺陷缺陷2. scene n. (戲劇的戲劇的)一場(chǎng)，場(chǎng)面；景色一場(chǎng)，場(chǎng)面；景色The scenes are changed during the interval. 劇間休息時(shí)更換布景。劇間休息時(shí)更換布景。We were deeply impressed by the delightful rural scene. 賞心悅目的鄉(xiāng)村景色給我們留下了深刻印象。賞心悅目的鄉(xiāng)村景色給我們留下了深刻印象。【辨析【辨析】理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空scene指局部的指局部的(一處的一處的)、一眼可見的風(fēng)景，不限于自、一眼可見的風(fēng)景，不限于自然的風(fēng)景；也指舞臺(tái)的場(chǎng)景然的風(fēng)景；也指舞臺(tái)的場(chǎng)景scenery指某一國(guó)家或地區(qū)整體的自然風(fēng)景，由多個(gè)指某一國(guó)家或地區(qū)整體的自然風(fēng)景，由多個(gè)scene構(gòu)成的景色，即風(fēng)景的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成的景色，即風(fēng)景的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞view指人從某一特定地點(diǎn)看到的景色、風(fēng)景，尤指由指人從某一特定地點(diǎn)看到的景色、風(fēng)景，尤指由高處眺望到的景色高處眺望到的景色sight指某一地區(qū)值得觀賞的具有特色的人文景觀、風(fēng)指某一地區(qū)值得觀賞的具有特色的人文景觀、風(fēng)景名勝等景名勝等Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful _. There are a lot of tourist attractions here, among which the West Lake is one. If you stand on the top of Leifeng Pagoda, youll get a good _ of it. You can see the boats on the lake making a beautiful _. Welcome to Hangzhou and see the _ of it. sceneryviewscenesights3. upset adj. 不高興的，失望的不高興的，失望的 vt. 使不高興，使失望使不高興，使失望; 打翻，弄翻打翻，弄翻觀察句子，寫出黑體部分的詞性和含義觀察句子，寫出黑體部分的詞性和含義Theres no point getting upset about it. ( )Dont upset yourselfno harm has been done. ( )A large wave upset the boat. ( )He arrived an hour late and upset all our arrangements. ( )adj. 難過的，不高興的難過的，不高興的vt. 使使難過難過vt. 打翻，弄翻打翻，弄翻vt. 打亂，攪亂打亂，攪亂【助記【助記】The little boy is doing his homework while two flies are always upsetting him, and he is upset about them, only to upset the glass full of water. 小男孩在做作業(yè)，有兩只蒼蠅老是嗡嗡地打擾他，小男孩很小男孩在做作業(yè)，有兩只蒼蠅老是嗡嗡地打擾他，小男孩很煩惱，結(jié)果失手打翻了裝滿水的杯子。煩惱，結(jié)果失手打翻了裝滿水的杯子。4. defend vt. 辯解，辯白；防御，保護(hù)辯解，辯白；防御，保護(hù)(1)defend sb. / sth. 保衛(wèi)保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)，保護(hù)；為；為辯解辯解defend. . . from/against. . . 保護(hù)保護(hù)免受免受(2)defence/defense n. 防御防御, 答辯答辯, 防護(hù)防護(hù)in defence of 保衛(wèi)，捍衛(wèi)；為保衛(wèi)，捍衛(wèi)；為辯護(hù)辯護(hù)The accused man had a lawyer to defend him. 被告有一名律師為他辯護(hù)。被告有一名律師為他辯護(hù)。If the dog attacks you, you can use a stick to defend youself against it. 如果那條狗撲向你如果那條狗撲向你, 你可以用棍子自衛(wèi)。你可以用棍子自衛(wèi)。全國(guó)人民為捍衛(wèi)祖國(guó)領(lǐng)土而英勇戰(zhàn)斗。全國(guó)人民為捍衛(wèi)祖國(guó)領(lǐng)土而英勇戰(zhàn)斗。(一句多譯一句多譯)The whole country fought bravely _ _ their territory. =The whole country fought bravely _ _ _ their territory. to defendindefence of5. deserve vt. 值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受deserve sth. 值得值得deserve to do 值得做，應(yīng)該做值得做，應(yīng)該做deserve doing(=to be done) 值得被做，應(yīng)該被做值得被做，應(yīng)該被做She deserves a reward for her efforts. 她積極努力她積極努力, 應(yīng)得到獎(jiǎng)賞。應(yīng)得到獎(jiǎng)賞。If you do wrong, you deserve punishing/to be punished. 你如果做錯(cuò)事你如果做錯(cuò)事, 應(yīng)當(dāng)受罰。應(yīng)當(dāng)受罰。They certainly deserved to win that match. 他們當(dāng)然應(yīng)該贏得那場(chǎng)比賽。他們當(dāng)然應(yīng)該贏得那場(chǎng)比賽。You deserve a promotion after all the hard work you have done. (句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換)=You deserve _ _ _ after all the hard work you have done. =You deserve _ after all the hard work you have done. 【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】 deserve doing是用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。有類似是用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。有類似用法的還有用法的還有need, want, require。tobe promotedpromoting6. insist vi. 堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為insist on/upon doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做某事堅(jiān)持做某事insist+that-clause堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為, 堅(jiān)決要求堅(jiān)決要求(2012湖北高考湖北高考)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct procedure in applying for a visa. 那位官員堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為邁克爾在申請(qǐng)簽證時(shí)沒有遵循正確的程序。那位官員堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為邁克爾在申請(qǐng)簽證時(shí)沒有遵循正確的程序。The young man insisted on being sent to the front, which moved the people present. 那個(gè)年輕人堅(jiān)持被派往前線，這感動(dòng)了在場(chǎng)的人。那個(gè)年輕人堅(jiān)持被派往前線，這感動(dòng)了在場(chǎng)的人。She insists that she _ _ _ equally. 她堅(jiān)持要得到同等的工資。她堅(jiān)持要得到同等的工資。(should) be paid【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】 insist后接賓語(yǔ)從句，表示后接賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持做堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持做”時(shí)，時(shí)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形, should可以省略。可以省略。表示表示“堅(jiān)持某種看法、意見堅(jiān)持某種看法、意見”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 7. forbid vt. 禁止禁止I forbid you the use of my tape recorder. 我不許你使用我的錄音機(jī)。我不許你使用我的錄音機(jī)。Our government forbids killing wildlife for food. 政府禁止殺死野生動(dòng)物來食用。政府禁止殺死野生動(dòng)物來食用。She says Tom has forbidden her to go out with us. 她說湯姆不許她和我們一塊出去。她說湯姆不許她和我們一塊出去。【歸納【歸納】_ 禁止某人某事禁止某人某事_ 禁止做某事禁止做某事_ 禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事forbid sb. sth.forbid doing sth.forbid sb. to do sth.8. normal n. & adj. 正常正常(的的)，一般，一般(的的)go back/return to normal 恢復(fù)正?；謴?fù)正常above/below normal 高于高于/低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Weeping is a normal response to pain. 哭泣是痛苦的正常反應(yīng)?？奁峭纯嗟恼７磻?yīng)。It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to normal. 過了幾天洪水才退去過了幾天洪水才退去, 生活恢復(fù)了正常。生活恢復(fù)了正常。The rain raised the river two meters above normal. 雨水使得這條河水位超出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)兩米。雨水使得這條河水位超出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)兩米?！颈嫖觥颈嫖觥坷斫庀铝袇^(qū)別并選詞填空理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空normal一般的，指不超過某種限度、符合某種標(biāo)一般的，指不超過某種限度、符合某種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或常規(guī)準(zhǔn)或常規(guī)ordinary普通的，強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性和普通性，含普通的，強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性和普通性，含“不突不突出出”的意味的意味usual通常的，指常見常聞和常做的事或舉動(dòng)，通常的，指常見常聞和常做的事或舉動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性regular規(guī)則的，指已有模式、有規(guī)律或定期的規(guī)則的，指已有模式、有規(guī)律或定期的Today Li Lei, an _ senior high student, has to get up earlier than _ because he will take an important exam. At half past six, he comes to the bus stop, where he will take the _ bus to his school. It is _ for a student to feel nervous before an exam. Li Lei is no exception. But he says he will try his best to do well in the coming exam. ordinaryusualregularnormal9. tend vi. 往往；趨向往往；趨向 vt. 照看照看(1)tend to do sth. 易于，往往會(huì)做某事易于，往往會(huì)做某事tend to/towards 傾向于；趨于傾向于；趨于tend (to) sb. 照料照料/護(hù)理某人護(hù)理某人(2)tendency n. 傾向，趨勢(shì)傾向，趨勢(shì)have a tendency to do sth. 傾向于做某事傾向于做某事I _ _ go to bed earlier during the winter. 我在冬天常睡得較早。我在冬天常睡得較早。He _ _ extreme views. 他的觀點(diǎn)趨于偏激。他的觀點(diǎn)趨于偏激。He carefully tended these flowers all summer. 他整個(gè)夏天都在精心地照料著這些花卉。他整個(gè)夏天都在精心地照料著這些花卉。Housing prices have a tendency to increase. 房?jī)r(jià)有上漲的趨勢(shì)。房?jī)r(jià)有上漲的趨勢(shì)。tend totends towards/to10. limit n. 限制；極限；界限限制；極限；界限 vt. 限制限制Im willing to help, within limits. 我愿意幫忙，但有一定的限度。我愿意幫忙，但有一定的限度。Our government has set a strict limit to drunk driving. 我國(guó)政府嚴(yán)格限制酒后駕駛。我國(guó)政府嚴(yán)格限制酒后駕駛。We must limit the expenses to what we can afford. 我們必須把開銷限制在我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)能力范圍內(nèi)。我們必須把開銷限制在我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)能力范圍內(nèi)?！練w納【歸納】 set a limit to _ 在某種程度上，有一定限制在某種程度上，有一定限制_ 把把限制在限制在限制；控制限制；控制within limitslimit. . . to. . .【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2011湖北高考湖北高考)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _ our thinking. A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve【解析【解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們要想成功，?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們要想成功，知識(shí)和學(xué)問是重要的，但是它們可能也限制了我們的思維。知識(shí)和學(xué)問是重要的，但是它們可能也限制了我們的思維。direct指引，指導(dǎo)；指引，指導(dǎo)；limit限制；限制；change改變；改變；improve提高。提高。根據(jù)句意可知選根據(jù)句意可知選B。11. balance vt. &vi. & n. 平衡；抵消平衡；抵消keep/lose ones balance 保持保持/失去平衡失去平衡a balance in sth. /between A and B /A和和B的均衡狀態(tài)的均衡狀態(tài)the balance of ecology 生態(tài)平衡生態(tài)平衡balanced adj. 保持平衡的保持平衡的How long can you balance on one foot? 你能單腳站立多久你能單腳站立多久? His lack of experience was balanced by his willingness to learn. 他的好學(xué)彌補(bǔ)了經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。他的好學(xué)彌補(bǔ)了經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。Try to _ _ better _ between work and play. 力爭(zhēng)把工作和娛樂更好地平衡起來。力爭(zhēng)把工作和娛樂更好地平衡起來。We should have _ _ _ _ diet to keep fit. 為了身體健康，我們應(yīng)有健康均衡的飲食。為了身體健康，我們應(yīng)有健康均衡的飲食。keep abalancea healthyand balanced【助記【助記】掌握掌握“平衡平衡”【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2012天津高考天津高考)You are working too hard. Youd better keep a _ between work and relaxation. A. promise B. lead C. balance D. diary【解析【解析】選選C?？疾槊~辨析。句意。考查名詞辨析。句意: 你工作太努力了。你最你工作太努力了。你最好在工作和放松之間保持平衡。好在工作和放松之間保持平衡。promise諾言；諾言；lead領(lǐng)先；領(lǐng)先；balance平衡；平衡；diary日記。日記。keep a balance為固定短語(yǔ)為固定短語(yǔ), 意為意為“保持平衡保持平衡”, 符合句意符合句意, 故選故選C。12. turn up找到；出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；調(diào)大找到；出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；調(diào)大觀察句子，寫出黑體部分的含義觀察句子，寫出黑體部分的含義Turn up the radio a little. I cant hear it clearly. ( )He turned up late as usual. ( )I am sure the electronic dictionary will turn up one day. ( )音量調(diào)大音量調(diào)大出現(xiàn)，露面出現(xiàn)，露面被找到被找到【拓展【拓展】turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于turn in 上交上交 turn over 翻身，翻開翻身，翻開 turn down (聲音等聲音等)調(diào)低；拒絕調(diào)低；拒絕 turn on 打開打開 turn off 關(guān)掉關(guān)掉turn out 結(jié)果結(jié)果(是是)，生產(chǎn)，出現(xiàn)，生產(chǎn)，出現(xiàn)【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2011江蘇高考江蘇高考)You look upset. Whats the matter？I had my proposal _ again. A. turned over B. turned onC. turned off D. turned down【解析【解析】選選D。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：你看起來很你看起來很沮喪。出什么事了？沮喪。出什么事了？我的提議又被拒絕了。我的提議又被拒絕了。turn down拒拒絕，符合句意。絕，符合句意。turn over翻轉(zhuǎn)；翻轉(zhuǎn)；turn on打開；打開；turn off關(guān)掉，關(guān)掉，均與句意不符。均與句意不符。13. cant wait to do something迫不及待地做某事迫不及待地做某事It is a long time since he left home, so he cant wait to see his family. 他離開家很久了，所以他迫不及待地想看到家人。他離開家很久了，所以他迫不及待地想看到家人。After the game, he couldnt wait to tell me the exciting result. 比賽結(jié)束后，他迫不及待地要把這個(gè)令人興奮的結(jié)果告訴比賽結(jié)束后，他迫不及待地要把這個(gè)令人興奮的結(jié)果告訴我。我。【拓展【拓展】寫出下列短語(yǔ)的含義寫出下列短語(yǔ)的含義cant but do sth. _cant help doing sth. _不得不不得不；只好；只好情不自禁地做某事情不自禁地做某事【想一想【想一想】請(qǐng)寫出其他表示請(qǐng)寫出其他表示“迫不及待地做某事迫不及待地做某事”的同義短的同義短語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)?！緟⒖即鸢浮緟⒖即鸢浮勘硎颈硎尽捌炔患按刈瞿呈缕炔患按刈瞿呈隆钡耐x短語(yǔ)還有的同義短語(yǔ)還有be eager to do sth. long to do/for sth. be keen to do sth. be anxious to do sth. 14. be supposed to 應(yīng)該應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)當(dāng)Your homework is supposed to be handed in by Friday. 你的作業(yè)應(yīng)該在星期五之前上交。你的作業(yè)應(yīng)該在星期五之前上交。Every driver is not supposed to drive after drinking. 所有的司機(jī)都不應(yīng)該酒后駕駛。所有的司機(jī)都不應(yīng)該酒后駕駛。【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】be supposed to have done=should have done表示表示“本本應(yīng)該做某事應(yīng)該做某事”，但實(shí)際上沒做。，但實(shí)際上沒做。You _ _ _ _ _ _ your homework yesterday. 你本應(yīng)該昨天把作業(yè)交上。你本應(yīng)該昨天把作業(yè)交上。were supposed to have handed in【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2011遼寧高考遼寧高考)What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Youre _ to be asleep. A. supposed B. knownC. thought D. considered【解析【解析】選選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：湯姆，你起床干什?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：湯姆，你起床干什么？你應(yīng)該是正在睡覺。么？你應(yīng)該是正在睡覺。be supposed to do應(yīng)該做某事，而且應(yīng)該做某事，而且側(cè)重的是側(cè)重的是“別人認(rèn)為主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該做別人認(rèn)為主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該做”，A項(xiàng)符合句意。項(xiàng)符合句意。B項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“知道，了解知道，了解”；C、D兩項(xiàng)兩項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為認(rèn)為”。15. feel like 希望，想要希望，想要(1)feel like +sth. /doing sth. 想要某物想要某物/想做某事；想做某事；(2)feel like還可以表示還可以表示“摸起來像；使人有某種特別的感覺摸起來像；使人有某種特別的感覺”。I dont feel like having a big meal now. 我現(xiàn)在不想吃大餐。我現(xiàn)在不想吃大餐。This material feels like silk. 譯：譯：_They made me feel like one of the family. 譯：譯：_這種材料摸起來像絲綢。這種材料摸起來像絲綢。他們使我感覺我是家庭的一員。他們使我感覺我是家庭的一員?！靖呖兼溄印靖呖兼溄印?2011四川高考四川高考)Lydia doesnt feel like _ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studyingC. studied D. to study【解析【解析】選選B。 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：莉迪亞不想去國(guó)外考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：莉迪亞不想去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。她的父母年紀(jì)都大了。學(xué)習(xí)。她的父母年紀(jì)都大了。feel like doing sth. 想做某事，想做某事，是固定搭配，故選是固定搭配，故選B。16. as if好像，似乎好像，似乎as if/as though引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)所述內(nèi)容與引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)所述內(nèi)容與實(shí)際情況相反時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即：實(shí)際情況相反時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即：(1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反did/were(2)與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反had done(3)與將來事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反wouldcouldmightdo用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空She loves the boy as if he _ (be) her son. 她愛這個(gè)男孩就像他是自己的兒子一樣。她愛這個(gè)男孩就像他是自己的兒子一樣。He talks about Rome as if he _ _ (be) there before. 他談起羅馬好像他曾經(jīng)去過似的。他談起羅馬好像他曾經(jīng)去過似的。He opened his mouth as if he _ _ (say) something. 他張開嘴好像要說什么。他張開嘴好像要說什么。werehad beenwould say【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實(shí)時(shí)可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣。例如：在的事實(shí)時(shí)可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣。例如：It sounds as if it is raining. 聽起來像是在下雨。聽起來像是在下雨?！鞠胍幌搿鞠胍幌搿吭谔摂M語(yǔ)氣的用法中，除了在虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法中，除了if條件從句外，還有哪條件從句外，還有哪些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)有類似些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)有類似as if/as though的用法？的用法？【參考答案【參考答案】(1)would rather所接的從句中動(dòng)詞用過去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼乃拥膹木渲袆?dòng)詞用過去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿^去完成式表示過去的愿望。愿望，過去完成式表示過去的愿望。(2)I wish, If only句型中動(dòng)詞常用一般過去時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)或句型中動(dòng)詞常用一般過去時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)或could/would/should/might do分別表示現(xiàn)在、過去或?qū)韽?qiáng)烈分別表示現(xiàn)在、過去或?qū)韽?qiáng)烈的愿望。的愿望。I would rather you came tomorrow instead of today. How I wish you could go with us next time. If only I had seen my favorite star yesterday. 17. Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼爾雙臂抱在胸前，看起來不高興。丹尼爾雙臂抱在胸前，看起來不高興。(1)have作使役動(dòng)詞，意思是作使役動(dòng)詞，意思是“使使，讓，讓”，后面接復(fù)合，后面接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)。“have sth. done”，過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)與過，過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)與過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。去分詞表示的動(dòng)作之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。(2)have sth. done有兩種含義：有兩種含義：(a)“讓別人做某事讓別人做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的主觀意志，相當(dāng)于，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的主觀意志，相當(dāng)于get sth. done。(b)“遭遇某事遭遇某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)客觀上遭受某些不幸的事。，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)客觀上遭受某些不幸的事。He has _ _ _ _ soon after the accident. 事故后不久他就找人把車修理了。事故后不久他就找人把車修理了。Many people _ _ _ _ in the earthquake. 許多人的房子在地震中遭受損壞。許多人的房子在地震中遭受損壞。had his car repairedhad their houses damaged【拓展【拓展】使役動(dòng)詞其他用法：使役動(dòng)詞其他用法：(1)have sb. do sth. / make/let sb. do sth. / get sb. to do sth. 讓讓/叫叫/使某人做某事使某人做某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)(2)have/keep/leave sb. /sth. doing讓某人讓某人/某物一直做某事某物一直做某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)過程強(qiáng)調(diào)過程)(3)wont/cant have sb. doing sth. 不容忍不容忍/不允許某人做某事不允許某人做某事My teacher had me post his letter after school. 我的老師讓我放學(xué)后給他寄封信。我的老師讓我放學(xué)后給他寄封信。I wont have you talking to mother like that. 我不允許你跟媽媽那樣說話。我不允許你跟媽媽那樣說話。It was cold. They kept the fire burning the whole night. 天氣冷了。他們讓爐火燒了一整夜。天氣冷了。他們讓爐火燒了一整夜?！靖呖兼溄印靖呖兼溄印?2011陜西高考陜西高考)Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checkingC. to check D. checked【解析【解析】選選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。結(jié)構(gòu)。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。結(jié)構(gòu)“have sth. done”意為意為“讓某事讓某事/某物被做某物被做”。句意：飛機(jī)起飛前一小時(shí)，。句意：飛機(jī)起飛前一小時(shí)，克萊爾把行李辦理了托運(yùn)。由于名詞克萊爾把行李辦理了托運(yùn)。由于名詞luggage與動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞check之間之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選擇過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選擇過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1. tolerate vt. 容忍；允許容忍；允許No one can tolerate his bad manners any longer. 沒有人能再容忍他無禮的行為了。沒有人能再容忍他無禮的行為了。I cant tolerate anyone lying to me. 我不能容忍任何人對(duì)我撒謊。我不能容忍任何人對(duì)我撒謊。I find it difficult for my eyes to tolerate such bright light. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的眼睛無法忍受這么明亮的光。我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的眼睛無法忍受這么明亮的光。 我不能容忍你像那樣的行為。我不能容忍你像那樣的行為。(一句多譯一句多譯)_=_I wont tolerate your behavior like that.I wont tolerate your behaving like that.2. now that 既然，由于既然，由于Now that we are alone, we can talk freely. 既然這里沒有別人既然這里沒有別人, 我們可以無拘束地交談了。我們可以無拘束地交談了。Now that you are a college student, you should learn to be independent of your parents help. 譯：譯：_既然你已是個(gè)大學(xué)生了，就應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)著獨(dú)立，不依賴父母既然你已是個(gè)大學(xué)生了，就應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)著獨(dú)立，不依賴父母的幫助。的幫助。. 用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Children are _ to go swimming alone in the river. (forbid)2. We are quite surprised at that mans strange _. (behave)3. The teacher gave a clear _ on the use of the word. (explain)forbiddenbehaviorexplanation4. There are strong _ against these measures. (argue) 5. I was so _ that I decided to write a letter to the newspaper to discover the truth. (annoy)6. The little girl got _ when she saw a big dog. (frighten)argumentsannoyedfrightened. 選擇框中詞組并用其適當(dāng)形式填空選擇框中詞組并用其適當(dāng)形式填空be hard on, turn up, go out, insist on, cant wait to, do with, leave out, turn out1. He listened to the teacher carefully, trying not to _any important points. 2. We were talking happily when suddenly the lights _. 3. He _inn