B2 形容詞與副詞形容詞與副詞 考 綱 解 讀 1形容詞作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用 法。 2形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的常用句型及其修 飾成分在句中的位置。 3表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度、疑問(wèn)、連 接、關(guān)系等的副詞的用法。 考 情 解 讀考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) 題題量量年份年份形容詞形容詞/副詞比副詞比較等級(jí)較等級(jí)形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞辨析辨析多個(gè)多個(gè)形容形容詞詞詞詞序及序及其他其他2008613620095162201022012011317120124141 趨 勢(shì) 解 讀 2013年高考對(duì)形容詞、副詞的考查熱點(diǎn)將仍然集中在對(duì)形容詞、副詞的辨析上，同時(shí)繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)對(duì)形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)的考查，但對(duì)此點(diǎn)的考查具有“淡化語(yǔ)法，注重深層語(yǔ)義”的特點(diǎn)。比較等級(jí)的意思并不是直接從“結(jié)構(gòu)”中看出來(lái)，而是從語(yǔ)句的深層意義中挖掘出來(lái)。易易錯(cuò)錯(cuò) 警警示示 The shirt looking similiar to that one, yet it cost me twice _much. Aso Bthat Cvery Das 易誤選A 學(xué)生易根據(jù)so和much經(jīng)常搭配而誤選A，此題考查比較的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，補(bǔ)全應(yīng)為“yet it cost me twice as much(as that one)”，故選D。 How much _she looked without her glasses! Awell Bgood Cbest Dbetter 易誤選B 此題巧妙地利用虛擬情況(介詞短語(yǔ)without her glasses不戴眼鏡)與現(xiàn)實(shí)情況(戴眼鏡)作比較。雖是比較，但不見(jiàn)than這個(gè)標(biāo)志性單詞，學(xué)生會(huì)誤以為考查原級(jí)而選B，故答案為D。 Our neighbor has _ours. Aas a big house as Bas big a house as Cthe same big house as Da house the same big as 易誤選C、D 考查比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞位置。此處符合“asadj.a/an名詞單數(shù)as”結(jié)構(gòu)，故答案為B。the same形容詞修飾名詞或副詞修飾動(dòng)詞；學(xué)生會(huì)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)思維“同樣大”誤選C、D。 The director gave me a better offer than _ Athat of Dicks BDicks Cthat he gave Dick Dthose of Dick 易誤選B A、B、D從意思上講都是Dick的建議，因此可以被排除。C項(xiàng)“他提供給Dick的建議”與前面的“他提供給我的建議”進(jìn)行比較，故答案為C。在表示比較的句型中，考生常常因?yàn)楦悴磺灞容^的對(duì)象而出錯(cuò)。 As a hunter, what matters is not that a hunting dog smells _but that it smells _ Abad; badly Bbadly; bad Cbad; bad Dbadly；badly 易誤選A、C 分析句子成分，確定該詞在該句中是系動(dòng)詞還是行為動(dòng)詞。修飾行為動(dòng)詞用副詞，系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞。句意：獵人不怕獵狗嗅覺(jué)不好而怕其身上有味。學(xué)生弄不清楚句意而誤選A、C。答案為B。 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _ Ahungry and tiredly Bhungry and tired Chungrily and tiredly Dhungrily and tired 易誤選C 句意：經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)途跋涉之后，他們?nèi)嘶氐搅思?，又累又餓。此處說(shuō)的是他們?nèi)说郊液笏幍臓顟B(tài)，故用形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，學(xué)生會(huì)認(rèn)為修飾動(dòng)詞只能用副詞而誤選C。答案為B?？伎键c(diǎn)點(diǎn) 精精析析 基 礎(chǔ) 盤 點(diǎn) 1形容詞的位置以及排序問(wèn)題 2形容詞的功能 3副詞的位置 4倍數(shù)的表達(dá)以及形容詞、副詞的級(jí) 5形容詞、副詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 熱 門 考 點(diǎn) 1倍數(shù)表示； 2比較級(jí)及其修飾語(yǔ)和句型； 3形容詞的位置和排序； 4副詞的位置； 5形容詞、副詞作狀語(yǔ)； 6形容詞、副詞辨析； 7最高級(jí)的特殊表示法及特殊含義。 關(guān) 注 節(jié) 點(diǎn) (2012陜西卷)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _the present one. Aas three times big as Bthree times as big as Cas big as three times Das big three times as 答案B考查倍數(shù)表示法。熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)21 Aas twice Btwice much Ctwice much as Dtwice as much 答案D考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。A倍數(shù)as adj./adv.(原級(jí))as B。故D正確。 Aas three times much Bas much three times Cmuch as three times Dthree times as much 答案D考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。(江西卷江西卷)It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe.(上海卷上海卷)The house rent is expensive. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _here. Aas twice many Bas many as twice Cas twice as many Dtwice as many 答案D考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。 Amore than twice Bas twice as many Ctwice as many as Dmore than twice as many 答案D考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。(上海卷上海卷)With the help of German experts, the factory produced _cars in 1993 as the year before.(上海春季卷上海春季卷)Americans eat _vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. Athe three weight of Bthree times the weight of Cas three times heavy as Dthree times as heavier as 答案B考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。本題是A倍數(shù)the n. of B的用法。故選B。(上海卷上海卷)Paper produced every year is _the worlds production of vehicles.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法 1A倍數(shù)as adj./adv.(原級(jí))as B 2A倍數(shù)adj./adv.(比較級(jí))than B 3A倍數(shù)the n. of B 考查倍數(shù)多考1、3兩種表達(dá)法 1表達(dá)法多考上下文中省略“as B”詳見(jiàn)命題陷阱1 2表達(dá)法3多考以其它名詞結(jié)構(gòu)代替“the n. of B” 即A倍數(shù)the n. of B. A倍數(shù)that of B/名詞性物主代詞 A倍數(shù)what名詞性從句這座橋是那座的三倍長(zhǎng)。這座橋是那座的三倍長(zhǎng)。The bridge is 3 times as long as that oneThe bridge is twice longer than that oneThe bridge is 3 times the length of that oneThe length of this bridge is 3 times that of that oneThe bridge is 3 times what that one extends3A比較級(jí)比較級(jí)than B by倍數(shù)也可表示倍數(shù)倍數(shù)也可表示倍數(shù) (2012課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much _ Athe best Bbest Cbetter Dthe better 答案Dso much the better常和if條件句連用，意為：如果那就好了，反義詞組so much the worse。熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)2.2原級(jí)比較 1用as.as.，not.as/so.as.引導(dǎo) It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人們普遍認(rèn)為，教學(xué)是一門科學(xué)，同時(shí)也是一門藝術(shù)。 2as形容詞as數(shù)量詞數(shù)量詞形容詞 3貌似平級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)的一些固定習(xí)慣用語(yǔ) He as well as his friends is coming. 他和其朋友快來(lái)了。 At the sight of the snake, she as good as cried. 看到蛇她簡(jiǎn)直就快哭了。比較級(jí)1比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：rather, much, still, even, far，any(用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句)，a lot, a little，a great deal, by far, a bit, three times等等 The more youve learned, the better equipped for the future youll be. 你學(xué)得越多，為未來(lái)所做的準(zhǔn)備就越充分。 increasingly/increasingly beautiful adj./adv.(原級(jí)) The new city is becoming more and more beautiful. 這座新城市變得越來(lái)越美麗了。2“the比較級(jí)比較級(jí).，the比較級(jí)比較級(jí).”表示表示“越越， 越越”3“比較級(jí)比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)比較級(jí)”表示表示“越來(lái)越越來(lái)越”。4“the比較級(jí)比較級(jí)of the two名詞名詞”表示表示“兩個(gè)兩個(gè)中較中較 的的”。 She is taller than I by three inches. She is three inches taller than I. 她比我高3英寸。 I missed the last train by one minute. 最后一趟火車，我差一分鐘而沒(méi)趕上。 Ann acts quite unfriendly. I think shes more shy than unfriendly.(more shy不可變?yōu)閟hier) 安表現(xiàn)得很不友好。5用介詞用介詞by表示相差的程度。表示相差的程度。6一個(gè)人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用一個(gè)人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用more.than.結(jié)構(gòu)，意結(jié)構(gòu)，意 為：為：“與其與其不如不如”。 我認(rèn)為與其說(shuō)她不友說(shuō)，不如說(shuō)她害羞。The climate here is warmer than that of Shanghai.這里的氣候比上海的暖和。這里的氣候比上海的暖和。7比較的對(duì)象不能相互包含，常見(jiàn)的句型是：比較的對(duì)象不能相互包含，常見(jiàn)的句型是：8比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該相同。比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該相同。 在日常交際中，彼此都明白的比較對(duì)象往往省略。 What do you think of the film? I have never seen a better one.(后邊省略了than the film) less than/not less than/no less than/no less A than B(同一樣，表強(qiáng)調(diào)) English is not less important than Maths. 英語(yǔ)同數(shù)學(xué)一樣重要。 more than/not more than/no more than/more A than B (與其說(shuō)B倒不如說(shuō)A) She is more thoughtless than stupid.9.注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略現(xiàn)象。注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略現(xiàn)象。10貌似比較級(jí)的一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)貌似比較級(jí)的一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ) 與其說(shuō)她笨，倒不如說(shuō)她粗心。 other than In no country other than Britain can one experience four seasons within a single day. 只有英國(guó)你才可以在一日之內(nèi)體驗(yàn)四季的變化。 下列情況用to不用than aprior to較早的，較重要的 The task is prior to all others. 這項(xiàng)任務(wù)比其他所有的任務(wù)都重要。 bsuperior to優(yōu)越，高于 In maths he felt superior to John. 他覺(jué)得自己數(shù)學(xué)比約翰強(qiáng)。 cinferior to下等的，次的 These apples are inferior in flavour to those. 這些蘋果的味道不如那些。 dsenior to年長(zhǎng)的，地位高的 He is two years senior to me.他比我大兩歲。 eprefer.to.更傾向于 I prefer this to that.我喜歡這個(gè)勝過(guò)喜歡那個(gè)。 fbe similiar to/the same as/match/equal/be different from/differ from/compared with/in contrast to等短語(yǔ)也有比較意味。 ATen strong young Chinese BTen Chinese strong young CChinese ten young strong DYoung strong ten Chinese 答案A考查定語(yǔ)排序。熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)23(浙江卷浙江卷)_students are required to take part in the boat race. Apresent Bthankful Cinterested Dimportant 答案Apresent常作后置定語(yǔ)。(北京卷北京卷)All the people _at the party were his supporters.根據(jù)提示完成下列句子Is there anything new in todays newspaper? No. _(沒(méi)有新內(nèi)容)I have _(一些重要事情)to tell you.He did _(可以做的一切事情)to make her happy.We have no _(可用的房間)for you.People in the village, _(老的和少的)，are fond of singing and dancing.答案Nothing newsomething importanteverything possiblerooms availableold and young .將括號(hào)中所給形容詞排序完成下列句子 The _house smells as if it hasnt been cleaned for years.(white, wooden, little) How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _days at the seaside.(few，sunny，last) This _girl is Lauras cousin.(Spanish, little, pretty) 答案little white woodenlast few sunny pretty little Spanish .根據(jù)提示完成下列句子 This city is a place _(值得參觀的) He is the greatest _(健在的詩(shī)人) I found him _(非常清醒的) That _(熟睡的男孩)is smiling now. 答案worth visitingpoet alivewide awake fast asleep boy Aless; older Bless; elder Cfewer; older Dfewer; elder 答案Alittle用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，few修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。water是不可數(shù)名詞，要用little修飾。再根據(jù)than可確定用比較級(jí)，表示比老型號(hào)的洗衣機(jī)用的水和電少。older表示年齡大或時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，意為“較老的”；elder用于表示人的出生順序，意為“年長(zhǎng)的”。.單項(xiàng)填空單項(xiàng)填空(北京卷北京卷)This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _water and electricity than _models. Apretty little Spanish BSpanish little pretty CSpanish pretty little Dlittle pretty Spanish 答案A形容詞的順序?yàn)椋浩焚|(zhì)、年歲、國(guó)籍等。(北京卷北京卷)This _girl is Lindas cousin.形容詞的位置 一般情況下，形容詞作定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞之前。但在下列情況下，形容詞要放在被修飾詞后面。 body，thing，one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，需后置。 There is nobody absent today. 今天沒(méi)有人缺席。 only等詞修飾的名詞后面。 That is the only solution possible. 那是唯一可行的解決方法。1形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾由形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾由some，any，every，no和和2. 以以able或或ble結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于由形容詞最高級(jí)或結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于由形容詞最高級(jí)或 There was a huge room, simple and beautiful. 有一個(gè)大房間，簡(jiǎn)單而美麗。 A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with. 一個(gè)如此難以取悅的人一定很難共事。 At that time she was only a girl five years old. 那時(shí)，她只是一個(gè)5歲的小女孩。3成對(duì)的形容詞可以后置。成對(duì)的形容詞可以后置。4當(dāng)當(dāng)“形容詞不定式形容詞不定式”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，需后置。構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，需后置。5當(dāng)當(dāng)old, long, high, wide, deep等詞附有數(shù)量詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)等詞附有數(shù)量詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ) 時(shí)，需后置。時(shí)，需后置。 當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，與被修飾的名詞關(guān)系較密切的形容詞靠近名詞；如果幾個(gè)形容詞的密切程度差不多，則音節(jié)少的形容詞在前，音節(jié)多的在后。如：a small wonderful gift。 常用的順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~(these, those)數(shù)量形容詞(three)描繪性形容詞(beautiful)大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形體性形容詞(large, long, high)新舊(old)顏色(red)國(guó)籍(Chinese)材料(wooden)用途(writing)被修飾名詞(desk)。 為了方便記憶，不妨試試如下口訣：6多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的排列順序多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的排列順序 限定描述大長(zhǎng)高，形狀年齡與新老； 顏色國(guó)籍出材料，用途類別往后靠。 表語(yǔ)形容詞(如：afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive，alike, ashamed, afloat, well, sorry, unable, worth, sure)并非只能作表語(yǔ)，它們還可以作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，有的還可以作后置定語(yǔ)(一般不作前置定語(yǔ))。 She was the only person awake that night. 她是那天晚上唯一醒著的人。7表語(yǔ)形容詞表語(yǔ)形容詞 (2012天津卷)The dog may be a good companion for the old. _，the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage. ABesides BHowever CTherefore DInstead 答案B狗可跟老人做伴，但遛狗也是麻煩事，邏輯轉(zhuǎn)折，故選B。 (2012四川卷)I make 2，000 a week. 60 surely wont make _difference to me. Athat a big Ba that big Cbig a that Dthat big a 答案Dthat相當(dāng)于so，作程度副詞。熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)24 Happily for her, her stepmother was kind to her.使她高興的是，她的繼母對(duì)她很好。 She promised to phone. I heard nothing, though/however. 她答應(yīng)要打電話來(lái)，可我沒(méi)聽(tīng)到回信兒。 Although he spared no effort, yet he failed. 盡管他不遺余力，然而還是失敗了。1有些副詞置于句首可修飾全句，作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)。有些副詞置于句首可修飾全句，作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)。2though, (ever)since, in case, however, yet等不僅可以作連等不僅可以作連 詞，也可以作副詞。詞，也可以作副詞。 3.修飾原級(jí)修飾原級(jí)比較級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)最高級(jí)fairlyprettyratherquiteveryenoughtoo 備注：fairly，pretty常修飾褒義詞 (1)rather too adj./adv.(原級(jí)) rather可位于不定冠詞的前/后 a rather pretty girl rather a pretty girl rather還可修飾動(dòng)詞 (2)quite還有completely之意，可修飾含絕對(duì)意義的形容詞/副詞和最高級(jí)。 quite perfect/quite the best quite可于不定冠詞的前/后 quite a few students a quite pretty girl quite還可修飾名、代、動(dòng)等。 (3)verymucha修飾一般的修飾一般的adj./adv.(原級(jí)原級(jí))very good/well修飾修飾adj./adv. (最高級(jí)最高級(jí))/the very bestmuch修飾以修飾以a開頭的表開頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞語(yǔ)形容詞much afraid；much too adj./advmuch too good/wellmuch adj./adv.(比較級(jí)比較級(jí))much better不能修飾不能修飾bv.ingadj.very excitingcv.edadj.very pleasedv.edadj.much pleased 注意：v.edadj.時(shí)very/much皆可修飾，much最佳；v.ed動(dòng)詞意義強(qiáng)時(shí)則只用much修飾。 He is very/much satisfied with my work. He was much moved by my words. very adj.表強(qiáng)調(diào) this/that/these/those/the/ones very n. This is my very pen. 這就是我的鋼筆。 rather too adj./adv.(原級(jí)) much too adj./adv.(原級(jí)) far too adj./adv.(原級(jí)) rather/much/far too far too much n(不可數(shù))too much water (4)enough作副詞用來(lái)修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)要放在所修飾詞之后。 Strangely enough, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. 很奇怪，一些著名的科學(xué)家具有粗心和細(xì)心雙重特點(diǎn)。 cannot.enoughcan not/never.too. 再也不為過(guò)He is too sick to go home.他很想回家。他很想回家。 (2010安徽卷)_，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. AShy and cautious BSensitive and thoughtful CHonest and confident DLighthearted and optimistic 答案D考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，她時(shí)常微笑，撒播陽(yáng)光，故應(yīng)選lighthearted and optimistic。熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)25.填上固定搭配的形容詞或副詞Hes _/_drunk(very drunk)他喝得酩酊大醉。Hes _awake.他完全沒(méi)有睡意。Its raining/snowing _雨/雪下得很大。Hes _/_asleep.他睡得很沉。Hes moving/breathing/drinking/smoking _ 他吃力地移動(dòng)/喘著粗氣/酒喝得多/煙抽得多。The traffic/His moustache is _交通擁擠/他的胡子濃密。The population of China is _than that of America. 中國(guó)的人口比美國(guó)的多。The price of the book is _/_(The book is _/_)這本書的價(jià)格高/低。(這本書貴/便宜。)They are very much _他們非常相像。He returned home, _他回到了家，安然無(wú)恙。答案dead；blindwideheavilysound；fastheavilyheavy largerhigh/lowexpensive/cheapalikesafe and sound .根據(jù)提示完成下列句子 The hawk was flying _in the sky. We spoke _of him.(high/highly) Dont come too _ I _resemble my father.(close/closely) The train stopped _ She turned _pale.(dead/deadly) The village is _of mud houses. She is the _beautiful girl in the college. (most/mostly) Fix the post _in the ground.(firm/firmly) The desk was _in the center of the room. (direct/directly) 答案high；highlyclose；closelydead；deadlymostly；mostfirmdirectly fireplace! During the winter I like my house _ Awarmly and comfortably Bwarm and comfortable Cwarm and comfortably Dwarmly and comfortable 答案B形容詞作賓補(bǔ)。.單項(xiàng)填空單項(xiàng)填空(上海春季卷上海春季卷)What a nice fire you have in your Avery Bfar Cmore Dstill 答案Bfall far behind意為“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后”，表示“在學(xué)習(xí)方面遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后”。far作副詞表示程度，意思是“很，極，大得多”，如，far ahead遠(yuǎn)在前面。far away(off)意為“遠(yuǎn)隔，在老遠(yuǎn)處”；the far distant past意為“久遠(yuǎn)以前”。(廣東卷廣東卷)John is very lazy. He falls _behind in his studies. Arather Bvery Cquickly Dlargely 答案Dlargely修飾due to表示程度，很大程度上歸功于。rather和very常用于修飾形容詞或副詞；quickly快速地。(廣東卷廣東卷)The great success of this programme has been _due to the support given by the local businessmen. Afairly Bhardly Cnearly Dseldom 答案Bdo.up意為“扎起”。從上文可以看出：我一定是變胖了，幾乎無(wú)法束起褲子。can hardly do幾乎不能。(全國(guó)全國(guó)卷卷)I must be getting fat. I can _do my trousers up. 副詞作狀語(yǔ)表示方式 I bought the PC cheap. (當(dāng)時(shí)電腦便宜也許買得貴。) I bought the PC cheaply. (電腦買得便宜，也許當(dāng)時(shí)電腦貴。) 英語(yǔ)中有的副詞兼有兩種形式：一種是與形容詞同形；另一種是在該形容詞后面加副詞詞綴ly構(gòu)成。這兩種形式的副詞在詞義和用法上有一定的差異，有的甚至完全不同。1形容詞作狀語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)形容詞作狀語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)2具有兩種形式的副詞具有兩種形式的副詞 與形容詞同形的副詞表示具體意思，而加ly構(gòu)成的副詞表示抽象意思。 The kite is flying high.(具體) He was highly thought of.(抽象) 差異較大的組詞 n.lyadj.(處于狀態(tài)或關(guān)系) friendly, brotherly n.lyadj./adv.(間隔時(shí)間發(fā)生) weekly n.lyadj.(具有特征) manly，womanly n.(容器)lyadj.(滿滿一的) mouthful, spoonful adj.lyadv.(以方式) carefully, hopefully deadly adj.致命的lively adj.生機(jī)勃勃的3漫淡漫淡ly詞綴詞綴 (2012福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _respected. Aespecially Bequally Cnaturally Dnormally 答案B根據(jù)句意，無(wú)論官員還是司機(jī)，都應(yīng)平等，同樣被尊重，故選equally，考查副詞辨析。熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)26 從復(fù)現(xiàn)的頻率來(lái)看，此點(diǎn)是高考對(duì)形容詞、副詞考查的第一大熱點(diǎn)。解答此類題關(guān)鍵是要分析具體的語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合基本詞義、搭配等來(lái)選擇正確的答案。 經(jīng)過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)，常見(jiàn)?？嫉男稳菰~和副詞有(按頻度排列)： even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising； 還有以下形容詞和副詞應(yīng)當(dāng)熟悉和掌握：.在具體的語(yǔ)境中辨析形容詞與副詞的語(yǔ)義在具體的語(yǔ)境中辨析形容詞與副詞的語(yǔ)義 a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively；adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; enhancing; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; generously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevitable; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordinary；other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; practical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unavoidable; unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; various; weak; well 高考經(jīng)常考查的形容詞 這些形容詞均有“特殊的，特別的”之意。 special是普通用詞，指不同于一般，與眾不同；突出與一般不同，或側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的專門性。 especial和special含義很接近，但側(cè)重有特殊意義或重要性。 specific著重指某種事物具有的特殊或特定的屬性，也可指專門提出作特別考慮的事物。.拿高分不得不拿高分不得不“備備”的常考形容詞、副詞詞義辨析的?？夹稳菰~、副詞詞義辨析1special, especial, specific, particular, peculiar的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 particular側(cè)重不同于普遍性的個(gè)性或特殊性。 peculiar強(qiáng)調(diào)怪異的，不同尋常的。 這些形容詞均含有“經(jīng)濟(jì)的”之意。 economic指與political“政治的”相對(duì)而言的“經(jīng)濟(jì)的”。 economical意為“實(shí)惠的，省錢的，經(jīng)濟(jì)的”。 financial意為“財(cái)務(wù)的，金錢的，財(cái)政的，財(cái)力的”。 這兩個(gè)形容詞均有“有效的”之意。 effective側(cè)重產(chǎn)生實(shí)際的效果、效力或具有取得預(yù)期效果的能力。 efficient側(cè)重積極有效，效率高，效果好，節(jié)省精力。指2economic, economical, financial的區(qū)別的區(qū)別3effective, efficient的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 人時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)能干，有能力。 actual意為“實(shí)際的，現(xiàn)實(shí)的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事或某物是真的或真實(shí)存在的。 Could you offer us actual figures? 您能否為我們提供實(shí)際的數(shù)字？ real意為“真的”，與“假的”相對(duì)。指物品的外表與實(shí)質(zhì)一致，不是仿造或模型之類的東西。 Was it a real man or a ghost? 那是真的人還是鬼魂？ true意為“事實(shí)的，真正的”。指現(xiàn)實(shí)中存在的而不是被創(chuàng)造的或猜測(cè)的東西，多用來(lái)修飾抽象名詞。4actual, real, true的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 這些形容詞都有“普通的，平常的”之意，但有差異。 common側(cè)重“普通的，常見(jiàn)的”，表示普遍存在。如：a common saying俗話。 general側(cè)重“普遍的”之意，表示在大多數(shù)人中流行并受到關(guān)注。如：the general opinion一般輿論 ordinary與common同義，側(cè)重“平凡的，普通的”，表示沒(méi)有什么不同，不值得驚奇。 usual意為“通常的，慣常的”，指習(xí)慣性做的事情，其反義詞為unusual。 Its a usual thing with him.這對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是平常事。 normal意為“正常的，一般的”。5common, general, ordinary, usual, normal的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 alive(作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ))指“有生命的，還活著的”。 After the earthquake, they found the woman alive, but a few minutes later, she was dead. 地震過(guò)后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那位婦女還活著，但幾分鐘后，她就死了。 live表示“活的，有生命的”時(shí)(無(wú)比較等級(jí))只能作定語(yǔ)，主要用于動(dòng)物等。若用在表語(yǔ)位置，就要用alive。但當(dāng)live表示“帶電的”時(shí)，可用作表語(yǔ)。如：a live fish一條活魚。 The wire is live.這根電線有電。 living“活的，在使用的，活著的”，可用作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。 a living language現(xiàn)在使用的語(yǔ)言。6alive, live, living, lively的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 He is still living at the age of 106.他已106歲了，仍然健在。 lively“活潑的，生氣勃勃的，生動(dòng)的”，可用作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。 She is as lively as a bird.她快活得像只小鳥。 a lively description of a football game對(duì)一場(chǎng)足球比賽的生動(dòng)描述 考查副詞的試題在高考完形填空中所占的比例不大，但是，在每套試題中都有所涉及。 兩者均可表示“幾乎”、“差不多”，均可修飾不定代詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等，肯定句中兩者?？蓳Q用。Its almost/nearly impossible.那幾乎是不可能的。 注意：修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常應(yīng)放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，特殊動(dòng)詞之后；修飾形容詞、副詞、名詞等時(shí)，通常應(yīng)放在被修飾詞語(yǔ)之前，否則會(huì)造成錯(cuò)誤。 He worked almost all day.他工作了幾乎一整天。.選項(xiàng)中副詞的辨析選項(xiàng)中副詞的辨析1almost和和nearly的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 almost可與no, nobody, nothing, never等否定詞連用，但nearly一般不這樣用。 Almost no book may attract him.幾乎沒(méi)有什么書能吸引他。 但是，兩者都可用在行為動(dòng)詞的否定式之前。 He almost/nearly didnt catch the bus.他差點(diǎn)沒(méi)趕上公共汽車。 nearly前可用very, pretty, not等詞修飾，但almost之前不能用這些詞。 Its not nearly so difficult as you think. 這遠(yuǎn)不像你想象的那么難。注：not nearly意為“遠(yuǎn)非，絕不是”，是固定短語(yǔ)。 有時(shí)almost可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同)，此時(shí)不用nearly。 Our cat understands everythinghes almost human. 我們這只貓什么都懂快通人性了。 aloud：出聲地(有使能聽(tīng)得到的意味)，高聲地(有使遠(yuǎn)處能聽(tīng)得到的意味)。如： They were reading texts aloud.他們?cè)诔雎暲首x課文。 loud：高聲地，大聲地，響亮地。常指在說(shuō)、笑等方面。 He was giving his lecture loud enough. 他以足夠響亮的聲音發(fā)表演講。 loudly：高聲地。有時(shí)可與loud通用，但含有喧鬧的意味。 Someone knocked loudly at the door.有人在大聲敲門。2aloud, loud和和loudly的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 (浙江卷)Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen _this year. Athe best Bbetter Cthe most Dmost 答案B以比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)。熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)27 (江蘇卷)David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels _desire to go to bed. Athe most Bmore Cworse Dthe least 答案Dthe least意為“最少的”。根據(jù)所提供的情景“he is still very excited now”可判斷出他幾乎沒(méi)有上床睡覺(jué)的欲望。 (上海卷)Greenland, _island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers. Ait is the largest Bthat is the largest Cis the largest Dthe largest 答案Dthe largest island in the world作Greenland的同位語(yǔ)。有些考生把這個(gè)句子理解成了定語(yǔ)從句，誤選了選項(xiàng)B。如果這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，必須用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，而不用that。 (湖南卷)That doesnt sound very frightening, Paul. Ive seen_. What did you like most about the film? Abetter Bworse Cbest Dworst 答案B根據(jù)前句可判斷出說(shuō)話者曾經(jīng)看過(guò)比這更嚇人的電影。 最高級(jí) The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座橋是橫跨黃河之上的橋當(dāng)中最長(zhǎng)的。 (1)the adj./adv.最高級(jí) (2)否定詞和比較級(jí)連用 (3)否定詞和原級(jí)連用 He has never spent a more worrying day.2最高級(jí)的表示方法最高級(jí)的表示方法1最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有：序數(shù)詞，by far, nearly, almost， by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like。如：。如： 他度過(guò)了最擔(dān)心的一天。 No one can run as fast as John in the school. 這個(gè)學(xué)校里誰(shuí)也跑不過(guò)John。 He is the last one I hope to meet. 我最不想見(jiàn)的就是他。 絕對(duì)狀態(tài)：dead, blind, deaf, empty, full, complete, absolute. 絕對(duì)含義：favorite, perfect.3在特定的語(yǔ)境最高級(jí)有特定的含義在特定的語(yǔ)境最高級(jí)有特定的含義4表示絕對(duì)狀態(tài)或具有絕對(duì)含義的形容詞、副詞，其實(shí)相當(dāng)于表示絕對(duì)狀態(tài)或具有絕對(duì)含義的形容詞、副詞，其實(shí)相當(dāng)于 最高級(jí)最高級(jí)(不可被程度副詞修飾，不可被程度副詞修飾，quite可以可以)。名名 師師 招招 招招 鮮鮮1. 加強(qiáng)對(duì)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)表達(dá)法的學(xué)習(xí)，尤其是一些常見(jiàn)的句型，要做到張口能誦的程度。在理解上不能留任何疑點(diǎn)。2加強(qiáng)對(duì)形容詞和副詞的詞義和用法的學(xué)習(xí)，要做到“詞不離句，句不離文”。做題時(shí)，要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，注意習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配，認(rèn)真辨析從而做出最佳選擇。