第二部分第二部分 專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法 高效突破高效突破專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng)1111動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)is/am/are動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天被打掃。一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞She was hurt yesterday.她昨天受傷了。一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/shallbe動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞A new church will be built in this town next year.明年這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)將會(huì)建一座新教堂。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞The work must be finished on time.這項(xiàng)工作必須按時(shí)完成。2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。如：The watch is made in China.這塊手表是在中國(guó)制造的。沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。如：More trees must be planted every year.每年必須種更多的樹(shù)。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越來(lái)越多的人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。說(shuō)話或發(fā)表意見(jiàn)時(shí)，為了顯得客觀公正，常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。常用句型：It is said that.據(jù)說(shuō)It is reported that.據(jù)報(bào)道It is (well)known that.眾所周知如：It is said that well have a new manager.聽(tīng)說(shuō)我們要有新經(jīng)理了。It is believed that printing was first invented by the Chinese.一般相信印刷術(shù)最早是由中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。It is reported that a traffic accident took place early this morning.據(jù)報(bào)道今天清晨有車禍發(fā)生。 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊形式1.主動(dòng)句中感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，watch，feel 等和使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have等后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)加上不定式的符號(hào)to。如：The great news made her feel happy.She was made to feel happy by the great news.這好消息使她很高興。2need，require，want，worth等后跟動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：His bike needs mending.他的自行車需要修一下。3特殊結(jié)構(gòu)“make oneself heard/understood”和“have/get sth.done”。如：I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天剪頭發(fā)了。十年真題十年真題全練全練 近十年來(lái)，臨沂中考對(duì)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查一般是1至2道小題，考查形式以單項(xiàng)填空和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用兩種題型為主。預(yù)測(cè)在2018年臨沂中考中，單項(xiàng)填空和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用仍然會(huì)有1道題考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主要有三種時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.2016臨沂，19Now all Chinese couples _ to have two children.Aallow Ballowed Care allowed Dwere allowedC22012臨沂，33Every year，more than 70，000，000 sharks _ for their fins.Awere killed Bhave killedCare killed Dwill killed32009臨沂，31The world has a big headache and it _ by money.It began in America last year.Acause Bcauses Cis caused Dare caused42008臨沂，89Dangerous driving causes many accidents.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Many accidents _ _ _ _by dangerous driving.CCarecaused考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)5.2017臨沂，24They have collected more than 14，000 books since the library_last month.Abuilt Bwas built Cbuilds Dis built62014臨沂，18Three bridges _ over the river five years ago.Abuilt Bbuild Cwere built Dare built72013臨沂，33Do you know Earth Day?Sure.It_in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.Asets up Bset up Cis set up Dwas set upBCD考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)8.2015臨沂，24Teenagers should _ to take care of themselves from a young age.Aeducate Bbe educatingChave educated Dbe educated猜押預(yù)測(cè)猜押預(yù)測(cè)單項(xiàng)填空1With the development of China，Chinese _by a large number of people in the world.Aspeaks Bis spokenCspeak Dis speaking2Smart phones _ in the classroom.Aarent allowed Barent allowingCallow Dis allowedDBA3Paper _ first _ about 2，000 years ago in China.Ais；creating Bis；createdChas；created Dwas；created4Chinas 23rd Beidou Satellite _ into space on June 12，2016.As Chinese，we are proud of it.Ahas sent Bis sentCwill send Dwas sent5Children should _ to be honest from a young age.Aeducate Bbe educatedCpunish Dbe punishedDDB