Unit 1 A land of diversity一、刷黑板.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)第一屏聽寫1strait n海峽2Arctic adj. 北極的；北極區(qū)的3the Arctic 北極4ministry n. (政府的)部；(全體)牧師；牧師的職責(zé)5federal adj. 聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的 第二屏聽寫6nephew n 侄子；外甥7aircraft n. 飛行器；航空器；飛機8vice n& adj. 代理；副職9shave vt.&vi. 刮；剃10tram n. (有軌)電車11bakery n. 面包房；面包廠 第三屏聽寫12ferry n渡船；渡口vt. 擺渡；渡運13seagull n. 海鷗14cattle n. 牛(總稱)15mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛16authority n. 權(quán)威；權(quán)力(pl.) 當局；官方 .高頻詞匯(漢譯英)第四屏聽寫1distinct adj. 清晰的；明顯的；明確的2distinction_ n. 差別；區(qū)分；卓著3immigrant n. (從外國移入的)移民4immigrate vi. 移入(外國定居)5immigration n. 移民；移居入境6means_ n. 手段；方法7majority_ n. 大多數(shù)；大半 第五屏聽寫8despite prep.盡管；不管9hardship n. 苦難；困苦10elect vt. 選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人11boom n. (人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮vi. 處于經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展時期12racial adj. 人種的；種族的13crossing n. 橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道 第六屏聽寫14rail n 鐵路；扶手；(護欄的)橫條15percentage n. 百分比；百分率16pole n. 地極；電極；磁極17applicant n. 申請人18customs n. 海關(guān)；關(guān)稅；進口稅19socialist n. 社會主義者；社會黨人adj. 社會主義者的 第七屏聽寫20socialism n社會主義21occur vi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)22indicate vt. 指出；標示；表明；暗示23luggage n. 行李(美baggage)24apparent adj. 顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的25apparently adv. 顯然地；顯而易見地26brake n. 閘；剎車；制動器vi.&vt. 剎(車)；用制動器減速 第八屏聽寫27conductor n(公車)售票員；列車員；(樂隊)指揮28slip vi. 滑動；滑行；滑跤n. 滑動；滑倒29hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用30fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的31angle n. 角；角度32nowhere adv. 無處；到處都無 第九屏聽寫33punishment n 處罰；懲罰34justice n. 正義；公平35civil adj. 公民的；國內(nèi)的；民間的36reform vt.&vi. 改革；革新n. 改革；改造；改良37grasp vt.& n. 抓?。蛔ゾo；掌握；領(lǐng)會38thoughtful adj. 關(guān)切的；體貼的；深思的 第十屏聽寫39insert vt.插入；嵌入40thankful adj. 感激的；感謝的41a_great/good_many 許多；很多42keep_up 堅持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)43live_on 繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存44by_means_of_. 用辦法；借助 第十一屏聽寫45make_a_life 習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等46back_to_back 背靠背47apply_for 申請；請示得到48mark_out 用線畫出范圍；標出界線49take_in 包括；吸收50team_up_with 與合作或一起工作二、刷清單(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.strait n海峽2Arctic adj. 北極的；北極區(qū)的3ministry n. (政府的)部；(全體)牧師；牧師的職責(zé)4shave v. 刮；剃5vice n& adj. 代理；副職6.federal adj.聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的7aircraft n. 飛行器；航空器；飛機8nephew n. 侄子；外甥9tram n. (有軌)電車10cattle n. 牛(總稱)11bakery n. 面包房；面包廠12.ferry n 渡船；渡口vt. 擺渡；渡運13seagull n. 海鷗14mourn v. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛15authority n. 權(quán)威；權(quán)力(pl.) 當局；官方表達單詞1.rail n鐵路；扶手；(護欄的)橫條2hardship n. 苦難；困苦3occur vi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)4luggage n. 行李(美baggage)5thankful adj. 感激的；感謝的6boom n. (人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮vi. 處于經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展時期7angle n. 角；角度8civil adj. 公民的；國內(nèi)的；民間的9hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用10grasp vt.& n. 抓??；抓緊；掌握；領(lǐng)會11thoughtful adj. 關(guān)切的；體貼的；深思的12reform v. 改革；革新 n. 改革；改造；改良13despite prep. 盡管；不管14nowhere adv. 無處；到處都無15brake n. 閘；剎車；制動器v. 剎(車)；用制動器減速16pole n. 地極；電極；磁極17fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的18justice n. 正義；公平19insert vt. 嵌入；插入語境活用1I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred_ (發(fā)生) in your shop.2As hiring (雇傭) has bee more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process.3In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming_(繁榮) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.4Reforming (改革) the education system will be a difficult procedure.5Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed.6Despite_ (盡管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.7Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question.8Its thoughtful (體貼的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event.9A strong man will bear hardship (困苦) without plaining.拓展單詞1.distinct adj.清晰的；明顯的；明確的distinction n差別；區(qū)分；卓著2immigrate vi.移入(外國定居)immigrant n(從外國移入的)移民 immigration n移民；移居入境3means n方法；手段 mean_ v意思是；意味著 adj.吝嗇的；卑鄙的meaning n意思4majority n大多數(shù)；大半major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n專業(yè)minority n少數(shù)5elect vt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人election n選舉6percentage n百分比；百分率percent_ adj.百分之的7racial adj.人種的；種族的race n種族；競爭8crossing n橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道cross n十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生氣的 v使交叉；橫過across prep.在的對面(過)9applicant n申請人apply vi.申請application n申請書；申請10customs n海關(guān)；關(guān)稅；進口稅customer n顧客11socialist n社會主義者；社會黨人 adj.社會主義者的_society n社會social adj.社會的socialism n社會主義12indicate vt.指出；標示；表明；暗示indication n跡象；標示indicator n指示器；指示信號13apparent adj.顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的apparently adv.顯然地；顯而易見地14conductor n(公車)售票員；列車員；(樂隊)指揮conduct v管理15slip vi.滑動；滑行；滑跤 n滑動；滑倒 slippery adj.滑的16punishment n懲罰；處罰punish vt.懲罰；處罰語境活用1What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle？ It_means “this side up”(mean)2Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)3Though he failed many times in election,_he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA.(elect)4He_indicated_that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate)5All the applicants can apply_in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)6One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major_in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)7“Walk across this street and turn left at the first crossing.” the boy told the lady.(cross)8If a customer wants to bring the goods he buys abroad back to inland, he has to pay some customs when he passes through the Customs.(custom)9Some socialists_believe that socialism will over time turn into what they see as a more advanced system with no state, money, or social classes.(society)(二)常用短語寫準記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.live_on繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存2mark_out 標出界線；用線畫出范圍3apply_for 申請；請示得到4take_in 包括；吸收；欺騙；理解5keep_up 堅持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)6make_a_life 習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等7back_to_back 背靠背8by_means_of_. 用辦法；借助 9a_great/good_many 許多；很多10team_up_with 與合作或一起工作1.I would like to apply_for admission to the English Club of our school.2As senior students, it is important to keep_up a good state of mind.3A signal may be given by_means_of flags, lights, and guns.4If you team_up_with your classmates, you will surely get the same work done far better.5These teenagers dont know much of the world yet; thats why they are so easily taken_in.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫1.However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亞了。it is likely that .“有可能”。對我們學(xué)生而言參觀長城有可能是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。It_is_likely_that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience.2.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。That/This is why .“那/這就是的原因”。 那就是我認為長江這條旅游線路會是一個更好選擇的原因。(2017北京高考書面表達)Thats_why_I_think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人們認為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯的、主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。Itbe過去分詞that從句。人們認為不吃早飯的青少年不僅容易在課上睡覺而且也不能專心聽課，這自然會導(dǎo)致他們在考試中的成績不好。Its_believed_that_teenagers_without_having_breakfast_will_not_only_fall_asleep_easily_in_class,_but concentrate less on lessons, which of course, results in their bad performance in exam.一、過重點單詞1majority n大多數(shù)；大半教材原句Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責(zé)是向原住民傳授天主教。(1)a/the majority of .大多數(shù)in the/a majority 占多數(shù)(2)major n& v. 主修；專業(yè)major in 主修；以為專業(yè)(3)minority n. 少數(shù) in the/a minority 占少數(shù)多角練透單句語法填空A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far.單句改錯I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college.major后加in補全句子The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.在澳大利亞，白人占多數(shù)而土著人占少數(shù)。名師指津the majority of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；后接不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；后接集合名詞作主語時，若集合名詞視為整體，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)，若集合名詞考慮個體，則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2elect vt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人教材原句By the time California elected to bee the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國第31個州的時候，它已經(jīng)是一個有著多種文化的社會了。(1)elect sb. (as/to be)職位sb. be elected (as/to be)職位(職位前無冠詞)(2)election n選舉題點全練單句語法填空Besides, I have such a good mand of English that I am_elected (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.(2015陜西高考書面表達)If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students afterclass activities.3occur vi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)經(jīng)典例句It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.我突然想起他也許對我們討論過的那個問題感興趣。sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that .某人突然想起It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事多角練透單句語法填空A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.句型轉(zhuǎn)換It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.4hire n& vt.租用；雇用教材原句Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. 同酒店里的一對夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一輛小汽車。(1)on hire出租for hire 可供出租(2)hire sth. out (to sb.) 把租出去(給某人)題點全練單句語法填空There are many bicycles on hire in this area.There are three small boats available for hire.David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didnt need it himself.單句語法填空1When it es to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.2She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate.3It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.4With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.5The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)6The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.7Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.8Unluckily, she slipped_ (slip) and fell down from the upstairs.9Furthermore, punishment (punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.10A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice.單句改錯1The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.hashave2Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.去掉were3Father is thank to me for persuading him to give up smoking.thankthankful4We should grasp of every chance to open mouth and speak English.去掉of5In fact, I didnt realize its importance after I was elected the monitor of our class.去掉the6There are a lot of people in the park last Sunday. We had everywhere to take a rest, so we got tired.everywherenowhere7I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire for a car.去掉for8With the boomed population, the petition is heating up for job hunters.boomedbooming.根據(jù)提示詞補全句子1鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都積極地擁護為孩子們建造運動場的計劃。(majority)The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children.2她被選入樂隊，不是因為她美麗，而是因為她有音樂天賦。(elect)She_was_elected_into_the_band not because she was beautiful but because she had a talent for music.3邁克爾有一天能成為班里的一名優(yōu)秀生這樣的情況一次也沒有發(fā)生過。(occur)Not once did_it_occur_to_Michael_that he could one day bee a top student in his class. 4人類會為他們破壞森林的行為而受到處罰。(punish)The_human_beings_will_be_punished for their forestdestroying activities.二、過短語、句式1by means of通過；用辦法；借助教材原句Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科學(xué)家們認為這些遷居者通過一條史前時代曾經(jīng)存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達美洲。by this means用這種方法by all means 當然可以；沒問題by no means 決不；一點也不(放句首時，句子用部分倒裝語序)多角練透單句語法填空Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading more.Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking.單句改錯Without knowledge, by no means we achieve our life goal.we前加can2make a life習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等；謀生教材原句Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.有些人死了或回家了，但是大多數(shù)人留在加利福尼亞謀生，盡管困難重重。(1)make/earn a/ones living謀生(2)live/lead a .life 過著生活e (back) to life 蘇醒；變得活躍；恢復(fù)生氣bring .back to life 使蘇醒過來；給活力多角練透單句語法填空She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living.同義替換Happy is the man who can make a living (make_a_life) by his hobby.補全句子When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there.當愛麗絲蘇醒時，她不知道她已經(jīng)在那兒躺了多久。3take in包括；吸收；理解；欺騙；收留教材原句Its a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.這是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵蓋了所有著名的旅游景點。一詞多義寫出下列句中take in的含義The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺騙Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解歸納拓展take off脫去(衣服等)；(飛機等)起飛；成功take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔take up 拿起；開始從事；占據(jù)(時間、空間等)take over 接收；接管；接任；取代Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output.為了增加產(chǎn)量，我們廠下個月將再雇用20名工人。4This/That is why .“這/那就是的原因”That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。this/that is because .這/那是因為this is the reason why . 這就是的原因the reason why .is that . 的原因是(why引導(dǎo)的是定語從句)the reason that . is . 的原因是(that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句)Thats why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.那就是越來越多的中國人對學(xué)英語感興趣的原因。From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013安徽高考單選)從太空中看，地球是藍色的。這是因為它表面約百分之七十一都被水覆蓋著。The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.他取得那么大的成功的原因是他從不放棄。.根據(jù)語境選用合適的短語填空1The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out.2It_occurs_to me that my friend Tom has a similar experience.3By_means_of the Internet, we can keep in touch by sending emails.4In ancient times, many people depended_on horses for transportation.5Mr. Brown sent an email to the manager, applying_for_ a job in the pany.6John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.7It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame.8After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.9To keep_up good relationships with your teachers and classmates, you should learn to be on good terms with them.10Its said that nonsmokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1He is believed to play the piano for two hours every day. It_is_believed_that he plays the piano for two hours every day.2They are likely to be fired by the pany because of their fault.It_is_likely_that they will be fired by the pany because of their fault.3If you give more attention and instruction to the child, he is likely to grow into a musician.Given_more_attention_and_instruction,_the child is likely to grow into a musician.4The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was trapped in a traffic jam.Tom was trapped in a traffic jam and thats_why_he_was_late_for the meeting.5We need to think about the words that we should say to the visitors.We need to think about what_we_should_say to the visitors.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補全(或翻譯)句子1人們認為沒有什么人能夠在那樣的環(huán)境中生存下來。(it作形式主語的主語從句)It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_survive in the situation like that.2科學(xué)家們最終到達了所謂的北極。(what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)The scientists finally arrived in what_was_called_the_Arctic. 3與整個地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一點也不大。(過去分詞作狀語)pared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.4我獲悉了你對英語校報的改革方案，那就是我寫信發(fā)表觀點的原因。(why引導(dǎo)的表語從句)I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and thats_why_Im_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.5他們很可能更理解我們，給我們一些合理的建議。(be likely that .)It_is_likely_that_they_can_understand_us_better_and_give_us_some_reasonable_advice.三、過語法、寫作(一)單元小語法復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句作主語、賓語和表語.單句語法填空1It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.2Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is.3Whoever es will be wele to the openair concert.4Every day he goes to the library by bike except when_it rains.5I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.6Clark is not sure whether Sharon will refuse his invitation.7He made it clear at the meeting that he wouldnt agree to the plan.8I read about it in some book or another, but what I dont know is which it is.9I failed in the exam.It is because I didnt prepare for it.10He said how he regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields.單句改錯1That he wants to tell us is not clear.ThatWhat2It is required students in this school should wear their uniform on weekdays.required后加that3Who es to the party will receive a present.WhoWhoever4The reason why Alan was late was because he missed the early bus.becausethat5It doesnt matter if or not Lydia will e.ifwhether6Id like to start my own business that is why Id do if had the money.whywhat7What his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. WhatThat8Nobody is sure that humans will look like in a million years.thatwhat.補全或翻譯句子(注意使用名詞性從句)1月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。Whether_there_is_life_on_the_moon_is_an_interesting_question.2我們決不能認為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。We must never think (that)_we_are_good_in_everything while others are good in nothing.3他本希望以更低的價格得到那部手機。那就是他上當?shù)脑?。He had hoped to get the phone at a lower price. That was why_he_was_taken_in.4英語老師要求我們在讀課文時畫出我們認為重要的知識點。Our English teacher requires us to underline what_we_regard_as important points when we read the text. 5最讓我印象深刻的是他首次嘗試就通過了駕駛考試。What_impressed_me_most_was_that_he_passed_his_driving_test at the first attempt.(二)課堂微寫作練縮寫讓語言更凝練題目要求假定你是李華，你的加拿大筆友Peter發(fā)來Email說，今年暑假，他想選擇中國的某個村莊來體驗鄉(xiāng)村生活，希望你能介紹一個理想的地方。請把下面的習(xí)作縮寫成100詞左右的短文，給Peter發(fā)一封電子郵件，用英語介紹描述該村莊的具體地理位置，并簡要介紹其歷史和發(fā)展變化。注意保留加黑部分。Dear Peter，Im glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday. Id like to introduce my hometown to you. I really wish you can enjoy it.My hometown lies in a mountainous area, and to the north of it is a high mountain which is famous for its green plants, fresh air and clear water. In the south of our village runs a small river, in which the water is so clean that we can see the reflected houses and green trees. There are many old and interesting houses and yards as well as some modern buildings in our village, and I think you will love it.Great changes have taken pla