精品資料題型專項(xiàng)突破-Unit3閱讀理解（未來生活篇）一、閱讀理解1. What will the city of the future be like? No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain about the future citythey are going to get bigger before they get smaller. Here are some of the ideas for running a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025. (1) To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems. (2) No smoking will be allowed within a future city's limits. (3) In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders. (4) Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live. (5) All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city. (6) All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the color of cars at the flick of a switch.(7) Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.(8)Old people and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their heads.(9) Traveling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city will have its own spaceport.(1) From the passage, we can infer that now_.A. some waste materials are got rid of by filling holes in the ground with themB. a patient can have an operation but doesn't have to stay in hospitalC. you must go out of the city if you want to smokeD. no cars are powered by solar energy or wind(2) The underlined word “recreation” in the fifth idea probably means“_”. A. risky businessB. what people will create againC. taking one's career once againD. activities for pleasure and amusement(3) Which is the best title for the eighth idea?A. Senior citizens B. Holidays at homeC. The disabled D. Space travel答案：(1)-(3)解析：文章大意：本文就環(huán)境、購物、娛樂、交通等方面設(shè)想了2025年的人類生活。(1) A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一部分“To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems.”可知垃圾運(yùn)到太空中可防止垃圾填埋現(xiàn)象，由此推知A項(xiàng)正確。(2) D 詞義猜測題。從such as后列舉的cinemas，bowling, concerts and others可知該詞意為“娛樂活動”。(3)B 主旨大意題。從第八點(diǎn)所表述的內(nèi)容可了解到在家也能“旅游”，故可稱之為在家度假。2. Some people are pessimistic (悲觀) when they think about the future. They say that, a hundred years from now, we will have used up most of the earth's resources. We will have polluted our sea badly, and be unable to eat fish from it. We will have made air so dirty that we will need to wear masks. The world's pollution will have doubled, and we will have used all the countryside for housing; there will be no farmland left.Other people believe that man adapts very easily. They have a different idea of the future. However, in their views, will people be living in a hundred years' time?One architect believes that man will move off the land. He suggests that the city of the future will be a huge, pyramid­shaped building, which will be floating on the surface of the sea. About 5,000 families will be living there, and the building will contain shops and schools as well as homes. By living on the sea, we will give the farmers more land to grow crops.As for oil, people will no longer need it: we will be heating our homes with power from the sun. And we will not be short of minerals, because there are plenty under our oceans. At the moment, we do not have the technology to get them out. But, in a hundred years' time, the optimists say, the new sea cities will be using these resources.What will be in the shops in the year 3000? What will people be wearing? How will people be traveling?Scientists who make predictions about the future suggest that, by the year 3000, shops will no longer exist. Computers will have replaced them; and people will order goods from home. People will be wearing very light, thin clothes. By this time, scientists will have invented a fabric that keeps us cool in hot weather and warm in cold weather.As for travel, the experts say that most people will be using public transport. Electric cars will be traveling through the streets day and night. Anybody will be able to stop one and use it.An interesting picture! Unfortunately, we will not be there to see if these predictions come true.(1) Pessimists believe that in the future _.A. seas and oceans will be full of houses B. we'll have used up all the resourcesC. we will not have enough fish to eat from the seasD. we will have polluted the air so badly that it will be impossible for us to breathe(2) Scientists have made the predictions EXCEPT _.A. electric cars will be going along the streets continuouslyB. the resources under the oceans will never be used upC. people will order goods from homeD. people won't suffer from cold any longer(3) What does the underlined word in the seventh paragraph refer to?A. a kind of tool B. a kind of energyC. a kind of cloth D. a kind of resource(4) We can learn from the article that _.A. we should be optimistic about the futureB. we should be pessimistic about the futureC. we shouldn't think too much about the futureD. we have no idea of what will happen in the future答案：(1)-(4)解析：(1) 選D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段中，悲觀的人認(rèn)為一百年之后，人類用光了大部分資源；海洋受到了嚴(yán)重的污染，魚因?yàn)槲廴疽呀?jīng)不能食用；因?yàn)榭諝馐艿絿?yán)重污染，人們必須要戴著面具。由此可知D項(xiàng)正確。(2) 選B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第四段中 “Scientists who make predictions about the future suggest that .” 可知，以下均為科學(xué)家的預(yù)測， A、C、D三項(xiàng)均被提及，而B項(xiàng)為樂觀者的看法。(3) 選C 詞義猜測題。由前后語境 “. wearing very light, thin clothes .” 和“. that keeps us cool in hot weather and warm in cold weather”可知 C項(xiàng)正確。(4) 選D 推理判斷題。對未來過分樂觀或悲觀都是不正確的，不考慮我們的未來也是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，故排除 A、B、C三項(xiàng)，由最后一段可知D項(xiàng)是正確的。3. Life in 2060Let us suppose it is now about A. D. 2060. Let's make believe it is about fifty years from now. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.Voyages to the moon are being made every day. It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe. At a number of scenic spots on the moon, many hotels have been built. The hotels are air­conditioned, naturally. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment (娛樂) of young and old.What are people eating now? People are still eating food. They haven't yet started to take on heir (繼承) supply of energy directly as electrical current or as nuclear power. They may some day. But many foods now come in pill forms, and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago, most of our planet's surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer destroyed by pests. The harvest is always good.Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farm. It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then.Such would be our life in 2060.(1) When was the passage written?A. In about A. D. 2060. B. In about 1960.C. In about 2010. D. In about 2004.(2) According to the passage, what will be on the moon in about A. D. 2060?A. Many tourists. B. Many other animals.C. Many plants. D. A sea.(3) What will people eat then according to the passage?A. Biscuits in pill forms. B. Foods in pill forms.C. Foods in water forms. D. Foods in gas forms.(4) The passage tells us that in 2060, _ on the earth than now.A. there are fewer population B. there are more pestsC. there is less water D. the crops are getting better答案：(1)-(4)解析：(1) C 數(shù)字計(jì)算題。由第一段第二句話可推算出本文大約寫于2010年。(2) A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由短文第二段可知，到2060年，月球上將會有度假的人們、旅游景點(diǎn)和許多賓館，因此選擇A項(xiàng)。(3) B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第五句話“But many foods now come in pill form, and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.”可知。(4) D 推理判斷題。由第四段可知，到2060年人口將更多，沙漠用水澆灌，莊稼不再被害蟲毀壞，收成總是很好，因此可推知答案為D項(xiàng)。4. The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled (芭蕾)dancer. “Im an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”O(jiān)n the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, its just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼氣) has a tendency to form an invisible (隱形的)cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,” Your inner ear thinks youre falling . Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight. That can be annoyingthats why some people feel sick.” Within a couple days truly terrible days for some astronauts brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. Thats why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.(1) What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space?A. Deciding on a proper sleep positionB. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bagC. Seeking a way to fall asleep quicklyD. Finding a right time to go to sleep.(2) The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when _.A. the y circle around on their bikesB. they use microcomputers without a stopC. they exercise in one place for a long timeD. they watch a movie while pedaling(3) Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _.A. their senses stop workingB. they have to stand up straightC. they float out of their seats unexpectedlyD. whether they are able to go back to the station(4) One of the NASAs major concerns about astronauts is _.A. how much exercise they do on the stationB. how they can remain healthy for long in spaceC. whether they can recover after returning homeD. whether they are able to go back to the station答案：(1)-(4) ACDB解析：試題分析：這是一篇說明文。本文通過舉例說明了太空生活的奇妙：在太空睡覺時，對宇航員來說主要的挑戰(zhàn)在于恰當(dāng)?shù)乃咦藙荩挥詈絾T在一個地方運(yùn)動久了會出現(xiàn)碳毒性頭痛；宇航員的大腦接收到矛盾的信息時會感到惡心。最后告訴我們美國國家宇航局對宇航員主要的擔(dān)心是宇航員回家后的修養(yǎng)期和如何在太空長久地保持健康。(1) A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句“First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges.”可知在太空睡覺時，對宇航員來說主要的挑戰(zhàn)在于恰當(dāng)?shù)乃咦藙?。故選A項(xiàng)。(2) C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache”可知宇航員在一個地方運(yùn)動久了會出現(xiàn)碳毒性頭痛。故選C項(xiàng)。(3) D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Your inner ear thinks youre failing. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight. That can be annoying-thats why some people feel sick.”可知宇航員在大腦接收到矛盾的信息時會感到惡心。故選D項(xiàng)。(4) B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第一、二句“The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as is about keeping any individual astronaut healthyNASA is worried about two things : and, more importantly, how maintain strength and fitness”可知美國國家宇航局對宇航員主要的擔(dān)心之一是如何在太空長久地保持健康。故選B項(xiàng)。