2019牛津譯林高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)選習(xí)題：模塊5U1一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Before I studied psychology，I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred.While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke.When someone laughs at a joke，there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laughand the more reasons there are，the more powerful the joke will be.I was attending a standup edy show in Egypt，and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets，everyone laughed their heads off.The main reason why those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly.The joke wasnt only funny，but it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians.That is，people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.The better a joke makes a person feel，and the more it includes other psychological factors，the more the person will like it.For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you werent jealous of him.In short，we dont laugh only when we hear something funny；we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke.I strongly discourage you from making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh.All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a persons emotions，he will certainly like it a lot.1What did the author find out after studying psychology?AOnly good jokes make people laugh.BMany factors lead to peoples laughing.CFunny things can make people laugh.DLaughter can make people healthy.2Why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?AThey played a trick on the pedestrians.BThe pedestrians behaved in a funny way.CThey could feel the pedestrians happiness.DTheir emotion was approved of by the show.3What does the underlined word“belittling” probably mean?AAnnoy.BBlame.CLook down on. DMake up to.4Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要分析了人們笑的原因?！倦y句分析】For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you werent jealous of him.分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞a joke；第二個(gè)if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。譯文：譬如，如果你妒忌你的一個(gè)朋友，有人講了一個(gè)有趣同時(shí)讓你朋友看起來傻乎乎的笑話，那么你有可能比你不妒忌他時(shí)笑得更大聲。1B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第二句“While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke”可知，作者在學(xué)了心理學(xué)之后發(fā)現(xiàn)，笑不僅僅是因?yàn)槭虑楹眯Γ€有很多其他的心理因素的促成和影響，故選B。2D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“That is，people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got”可推知，人們對(duì)行人的行為大笑的原因是他們?cè)谛睦砩袭a(chǎn)生了共鳴，故選D。3C考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“I strongly discourage you from making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh”可推知，動(dòng)詞belittle和短語(yǔ)make fun of是近義詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)選C。annoy“使惱怒”；blame“責(zé)怪”；look down on“蔑視，瞧不起”； make up to“接近、奉承、補(bǔ)足”。4B考查推理判斷。結(jié)合全文可知，第一段導(dǎo)入話題；第二、三段通過具體事例進(jìn)行分析；根據(jù)文章最后一段的開頭“In short”可知，最后一段屬于總結(jié)；由此可知，本文屬于總分總的結(jié)構(gòu)，符合本文結(jié)構(gòu)的圖表是B選項(xiàng)。二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Surely the most _ thing would be not to believe these ridiculous lies.A. abstract B. diverse C. sensible D. sensitive【答案】C【解析】abstract 抽象的；diverse 多種多樣的；sensible 明智的，通情達(dá)理的；sensitive 敏感的。句意：最明智的辦法無疑是不要相信這些無稽的謊言。2.Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect extraordinary _ from them to help rebuild the economy.A. mitment B. appointment C. instrument D. requirement【答案】A【解析】 mitment 承諾， 許諾； appointment 任命，約會(huì)，職務(wù)，職位；instrument 儀器，樂器；requirement要求。句意：現(xiàn)在，銀行業(yè)恢復(fù)了往日的神采，我們希望銀行能夠做出重大承諾來幫助重振國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)。3.He will be generous and merciful to his opponents, as well as to those who are weaker than himself.A. ambitious B. cautious C. merciful D. punctual【答案】B【解析】ambitious 有野心的；cautious 謹(jǐn)慎的；merciful 仁慈的；punctual 守時(shí)的。句意：對(duì)待弱小者，他寬厚大方、仁慈善良，即便對(duì)他的對(duì)手也是如此。4._ the terrorist attack that happened in the city on March 1, the spokesman said that all suspects responsible for it would be severely punished.A. In harmony with B. In connection with C. In addition to D. In regard to【答案】D【解析】句意：關(guān)于 3 月 1 日發(fā)生在該市的恐怖襲擊，這位發(fā)言人說所有對(duì)這個(gè)罪行負(fù)責(zé)的嫌疑犯都會(huì)受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。 根據(jù)句意可知， 用 in regard to“關(guān)于”。in harmony with 與和諧； in connection with 和有關(guān)(相關(guān))；in addition to 除以外(還)。5.You can rely on _ she will e to your help. She is honest and kind-hearted.A. it that B. it C. that D. that it【答案】A【解析】句型：rely on it that.指望。句意：你可以指望他來幫助你。她誠(chéng)實(shí)心地善良。6.I dont suppose they will e if it rains, _?A. do I B. doesnt it C. will it D. will they【答案】D【解析】否定的轉(zhuǎn)移，反義疑問句跟賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)一致。句意：我認(rèn)為如果下雨他們是不會(huì)來的, 是嗎？7._ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.A. Nobody B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Everybody【答案】A【解析】Nobody can help but do sth.=cant help but do sth.=cant help doing sth.，意為“忍不住做某事，情不自禁做某事”。句意：沒有人能夠忍住不為科幻小說帶給我們的科幻世界著迷。8.In order to lose weight, the young lady prefers _ regularly rather than _ expensive weight-losing pills.A. to work out, to take B. working out, taking C. to work out, take D. to working out, taking【答案】C【解析】句型：prefer to do A rather than do B。句意：為了減肥，年輕女性更傾向于規(guī)律性地做運(yùn)動(dòng)而不是去吃昂貴的減肥藥。hang out 閑逛；9.We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not achild any longer.A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay【答案】C【解析】would rather 后面的從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在將來相反，所以使用一般過去時(shí)，如果與過去相反，要使用過去完成時(shí)。句意：我們寧愿我們的女兒待在家里，但是這是她的選擇，她已經(jīng)不再是孩子了。根據(jù)句意可知是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，所以使用一般過去時(shí)。10.What made your skin look so terrible?_ to the sunlight for a long time.A. Because it was exposed B. After being exposedC. Being exposed D. Exposed【答案】C【解析】句意：什么使你的皮膚看起來如此糟糕呢？可知是對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問。答語(yǔ)為：長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露于陽(yáng)光下使我的皮膚看起來如此糟糕。be exposed to 暴露于，所以用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，省略了重復(fù)的部分。11.Did you turn off the lights before you left the puter room?Oh, I forget _ them off. Ill go to do it.A. having been turned B. to turn C. to have turned D. turning【答案】B【解析】forget to do sth.“忘記要做某事”；forget doing sth.“忘記做過某事”。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知，沒有做關(guān)燈這個(gè)動(dòng)作，故應(yīng)該用不定式，排除 B、D；A 項(xiàng)是完成式的被動(dòng)式，這兒“turn”還沒有發(fā)生，更不是被動(dòng)。故選 B。注意 forget turning=forget to have turned。句意： “你離開電腦室前關(guān)燈了嗎？”“噢，我忘記關(guān)了。我現(xiàn)在就去關(guān)。 ”12.Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ for a swim?A. to go B. going C go D. having gone【答案】B【解析】feel like doing sth.想要做某事。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) feel like 后面只能接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。句意：今天很熱，你想要去游泳嗎？D 項(xiàng)表示的是已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。13.Young people may risk _ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone【答案】C【解析】risk doing sth.意為“冒險(xiǎn)做某事” 。句意：年輕人如果每天都置身于非常吵鬧的音樂聲中，他們的耳朵可能有失聰?shù)奈ｋU(xiǎn)。14.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on _ all the people who had helped in her career.A. to thank B. thanking C. having thanked D. to have thanked【答案】A【解析】go on to do 接著做不同的事情。句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎(jiǎng)后，安妮本尼迪克特接著感謝在她演藝生涯中所有幫助過她的人。15.What is the best way you can imagine _ the overuse of water in our school?A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce【答案】B【解析】you can imagine 是定語(yǔ)從句，way to do 做某事的方法。句意：你能想象出的最好的、解決我校過度用水的辦法是什么？三、完形填空。The murmur of the audience had just faded into silence.This was one of the most _1_ days in fiveyearold Patricia McKees life：the Kernot School Concert.She stood _2_ the curtain with her schoolmates.Yet she was not _3_ because everyone had been practicing for weeks and knew their _4_ by heart.Being in a remote country town，Patricia knew that everyone would _5_ for the big occasioneveryone！Yet，it was this awareness that added a sense of _6_ to her excitement.There were two people who couldnt be in that _7_ that nighther mum and dad.Patricias parents _8_ the local general store，which was _9_ for business 24 hours.So it was simply _10_ that Mum and Dad could never attend munity activities.It had been this way with her sister，so why should it be any _11_ for her?Still，Patricia couldnt help _12_ that her parents could be there to see her on such a special day，so she decided to _13_ the subject with her mother._14_，she had to face the facts.At such a young age，Patricia couldnt really understand the deep _15_ in her mothers response：“Ill try to be there，sweetheart，but you know how _16_ it is for us to get away from the store.”Yet as the curtain slowly opened, little Patricia got the _17_ of her life.There，sitting four rows the front was her mother with a big smile on her face!This powerful image _18_ one of Patricias most treasured memories.“Words cannot express the pure joy we both _19_ at that moment，” said Patricia.Her parents have passed away, but what a wonderful legacy(遺產(chǎn)) theyve left us：when someone really _20_ you，be there for them.1A.difficultBimportantCsad Dperfect2A.before BunderCbeside Dbehind3A.excited BmovedCafraid Dlost4A.parts BrelationsCjobs Dforms5A.join up BprepareCdrop in Dturn out6A.happiness BsadnessCwillingness Deagerness7A.audience BstoreCplay Dmovie8A.bought BgotCsold Dran9A.easy BopenCstill Dclosed10A.recognized BdeniedCaccepted Dincredible11A.different BsatisfiedCpersonal Dwise12A.thinking BtalkingClearning Dwishing13A.hand in Bgo throughCbring up Dput away14A.Surprisingly BHappilyCObviously DSadly15A.pain BmeaningCunderstanding Dthought16A.awful BhardCtroublesome Dthankful17A.blow BwonderCperson Dsurprise18A.remained BleftCtook Daffected19A.wanted BexperiencedCmade Dforgot20A.hates BlovesCcares Dneeds【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。父母因忙于看店無法去看Patricia McKee的演出，所以當(dāng)Patricia突然看到母親出現(xiàn)在演出現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)，她非常驚訝。這一刻成了她一生的回憶。文章通過這件事告訴我們：當(dāng)別人需要你時(shí)，請(qǐng)陪在他們身邊。1B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段中的“the big occasion”以及常識(shí)可知，對(duì)于五歲的Patricia來說，那天是一個(gè)重要的日子。B項(xiàng)意為“重要的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“困難的”；C項(xiàng)意為“悲傷的”；D項(xiàng)意為“完美的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。2D考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)及第五段第一句“Yet as the curtain slowly opened”可知，出場(chǎng)前Patricia和她的同學(xué)站在幕布的后面。D項(xiàng)意為“在的后面”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“在面前”；B項(xiàng)意為“在下面”；C項(xiàng)意為“在旁邊”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。3C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“because everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，所有人都排練了幾個(gè)星期，所以她不害怕。C項(xiàng)意為“害怕的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“興奮的”；B項(xiàng)意為“感動(dòng)的”；D項(xiàng)意為“迷惘的，困惑的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C。4A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，排練了幾個(gè)星期，每個(gè)人都記熟了自己的臺(tái)詞和動(dòng)作。A項(xiàng)意為“角色，臺(tái)詞和動(dòng)作”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)系”；C項(xiàng)意為“工作”；D項(xiàng)意為“形式”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。5D考查動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，所有人都會(huì)出席這個(gè)盛大的活動(dòng)。D項(xiàng)意為“出席，參加”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“連接，聯(lián)合起來”；B項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備”；C項(xiàng)意為“落進(jìn)，順便拜訪”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。6B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下一句內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)楦改覆荒軄碛^看演出，所以Patricia在興奮的同時(shí)又有些難過。B項(xiàng)意為“悲傷，難過”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“幸?！保籆項(xiàng)意為“樂意”；D項(xiàng)意為“渴望”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。7A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下一段內(nèi)容可知，此處指Patricia的父母親不能在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)當(dāng)她的觀眾。A項(xiàng)意為“觀眾，聽眾”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。8D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后面的賓語(yǔ)“the local general store”可知，此處指Patricia的父母在當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)營(yíng)一家雜貨店。D項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)營(yíng)，參加，跑”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。9B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后面的“for business 24 hours”可知，這個(gè)雜貨店24小時(shí)營(yíng)業(yè)。B項(xiàng)意為“開放的，營(yíng)業(yè)的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。10C考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文可知，她的父母經(jīng)營(yíng)一家24小時(shí)都營(yíng)業(yè)的商店，所以她的父母從不參加社區(qū)活動(dòng)是可以接受的。C項(xiàng)意為“公認(rèn)可接受的，被認(rèn)可的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“辨認(rèn)出”；B項(xiàng)意為“否認(rèn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“極好的，難以置信的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C。11A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句“It had been this way with her sister”可知，父母也沒有參加過姐姐的活動(dòng)，所以對(duì)她不會(huì)有所不同。A項(xiàng)意為“不同的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“滿意的”；C項(xiàng)意為“個(gè)人的”；D項(xiàng)意為“明智的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。12D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“Still”和“her parents could be there”可知，雖然如此，Patricia還是忍不住希望她的父母親能來看她演出。D項(xiàng)意為“希望”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“想，認(rèn)為”；B項(xiàng)意為“談?wù)摗?；C項(xiàng)意為“學(xué)習(xí)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。13C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)上文提到的Patricia希望她的父母能來看她演出和空格后面的賓語(yǔ)“the subject with her mother”可知，此處指Patricia決定向母親提出這個(gè)話題。C項(xiàng)意為“提出”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“上交”；B項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷”；D項(xiàng)意為“把收起來”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C。14D考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“she had to face the facts”以及下文母親的回答可知，她的母親并不確定能不能參加，所以很遺憾她只能接受這個(gè)事實(shí)。D項(xiàng)意為“不幸地，說來遺憾”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“驚訝地”；B項(xiàng)意為“高興地”；C項(xiàng)意為“明顯地”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。15A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及后來母親出現(xiàn)在觀眾席里可知，母親想?yún)⒓优畠旱幕顒?dòng)卻抽不出時(shí)間，她也很痛苦，但五歲的Patricia并不理解這種痛苦。A項(xiàng)意為“痛苦”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“意思”；C項(xiàng)意為“理解”；D項(xiàng)意為“想法”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。16B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文提及的24小時(shí)營(yíng)業(yè)商店可知，她的父母親離開商店是一件很困難的事情。B項(xiàng)意為“困難的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“可怕的”；C項(xiàng)意為“麻煩的”；D項(xiàng)意為“感激的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。17D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文母親的回答可知，母親觀看Patricia的演出的可能性不大，所以當(dāng)Patricia看到臺(tái)下的母親時(shí)，那真的是她人生中的驚喜。D項(xiàng)意為“驚喜，意想不到的事”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“打擊”；B項(xiàng)意為“奇跡”；C項(xiàng)意為“人”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。18A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，母親的出現(xiàn)對(duì)Patricia來說是一個(gè)很大的驚喜，所以這一幕成為Patricia最珍貴的記憶之一。A項(xiàng)意為“繼續(xù)，依然”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“離開”；C項(xiàng)意為“拿走”；D項(xiàng)意為“影響”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。19B考查動(dòng)詞辨析?！皐e both _ at that moment”是省略了關(guān)系代詞that或which的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞the pure joy在從句中作空格處所填詞的賓語(yǔ)。句意為Patricia說：“沒有言語(yǔ)能表達(dá)出我們?cè)谀且豢趟w會(huì)到的那種純粹的快樂?！盉項(xiàng)意為“體會(huì)，感受”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“想要”；C項(xiàng)意為“使得，制造”；D項(xiàng)意為“忘記”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。20D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。通讀全文可知，文章通過 Patricia的經(jīng)歷告訴我們：當(dāng)別人真正需要你時(shí)，要陪伴在他們的身邊。D項(xiàng)意為“需要”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“憎恨”；B項(xiàng)意為“愛”；C項(xiàng)意為“在乎”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。四、七選五。Ways to Stop Doubting YourselfWhat if I dont pass this test? Are my friends just hanging out with me because they feel bad for me? 1._ Stop! The selfdoubt stops right here. Here are some ways to beat negative selftalk and start believing in yourself.Be Aware.The first step towards overing anything is to bee aware of it. By being aware that we are doubting ourselves, we can sooner confirm it and put a stop to it. As we realize our selfdoubt, we will get quicker at confirming and stopping it. See? 2._ Take a Break.Sometimes it is our mind that goes against us. Whenever you find yourself having doubts, take a break. 3._ Ask yourself what made you get into this goal. It will get you to realize why you started it in the first place.4._ Too often we determine how we feel about ourselves according to what other people feel about us. Our selfworth is just dependent upon what we think of ourselves. So we must break free of the chains that tell us our selfworth is recognized by other people.Find Support.5_ Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites. Sometimes we all need to hear something that will get us moving again. We just need to reach out to others who understand us.ATake It Slow.BFree Yourself.CGive yourself time to think.DIts not always easy doing things alone.EThis is already a step in the right direction.FWhat if I never figure out my lifes purpose?GBecause once you give up, no one can help you.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了停止懷疑自己的幾種方法。1F解析：空前面是兩個(gè)問句，后面是“Stop！”，所以本空也需要填一個(gè)問句，故選F項(xiàng)。2E解析：由空前的“當(dāng)我們意識(shí)到自我懷疑時(shí)，我們可以及時(shí)確認(rèn)并且及時(shí)制止?！笨芍颂幈硎具@已經(jīng)是朝著正確方向前進(jìn)的一步了，所以選E項(xiàng)。3C解析：根據(jù)前一句“Whenever you find yourself having doubts，take a break.”即“無論你什么時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有疑問，休息一下”，可知空處應(yīng)是“給自己思考的時(shí)間”，故選C項(xiàng)。4B解析：本段的最后一句說明應(yīng)該“解脫自己”，所以選B項(xiàng)。5D解析：根據(jù)“Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites.”可知，空處應(yīng)是“獨(dú)自做一些事情是不容易的”，所以選D項(xiàng)。