小詞不可忽視-冠詞、介詞、數(shù)詞和代詞第一組. 語法填空(2018長郡中學新高三實驗班選拔考試)Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people， _1. causing_ (cause) a farreaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually _2. involves_ (involve) some necessary procedures，such as matchmaking，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. _3. In_ addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like thiswhen a new couple is engaged， _4. what_ follows is a _5. choice_ (choose) of the date of their marriage. Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends _6. to attend_ (attend) the wedding. However，quite a few others，especially _7. those_ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. The wedding ceremony is usually hosted _8. warmly_ (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with _9. a_ unique banquet. Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a _10. healthy_ (health) baby and so on. 文章大意：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國的婚俗習慣。解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處表示自然而然的結(jié)果，主語They和動詞cause之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。解析：考查主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的usually可知，此處表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，故用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語The traditional Chinese marriage為第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式。解析：考查固定搭配。In addition為固定搭配，意為“此外，除此外”。解析：考查主語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導主語從句，且在從句中作主語，故用what引導該主語從句。 解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的不定冠詞a可知，空處應用名詞形式。解析：考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空處表示目的，故用動詞不定式作目的狀語。解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空處指那些在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人，表示復數(shù)，故用代詞those。解析：考查副詞。空處修飾動詞hosted，用副詞形式。解析：考查冠詞。空后的banquet為可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指，且unique的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。解析：考查形容詞?？仗幮揎椇竺娴拿~baby，表示“一個健康的嬰兒”，故用形容詞healthy。. 短文改錯(2018江西贛中南五校聯(lián)考)Dear Peter，Im very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with. Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood，the house was big enough to enable you to have a room of your own. Apart from the convenient public transportation，our private car will make your visit easy. Because all the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities，Im sure you will have no trouble municate with them. Above all，they hosted the American student last year，through that they gained lots of experience. In addition to，the hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food. Hope you enjoy your stay there. Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Peter，Im very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with. in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house big enough to enable you to have a room of your own. Apart from the convenient public transportation, private car will make your visit easy. Because all the family members can speak English and have outgoing personalities, Im sure you will have no trouble with them. Above all, they hosted American student last year, through they gained lots of experience. In addition to , the cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food. Hope you enjoy your stay there. Yours，Li Hua解析：you前加for。考查固定短語。arrange for sb. to do sth. 意為”安排某人做某事”，為固定搭配。解析：Locating改為Located。考查非謂語動詞。be located in. . . 意為“坐落于”，為固定短語，在句中作狀語，故填located。解析：was改為is?？疾闀r態(tài)。此處是在介紹這個家庭的基本情況，表示客觀事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。解析：our改為their。考查代詞。文章是“我”在為Peter介紹他所要寄宿的家庭的情況，與下文中的“them”相照應，故應將our改為their。解析：fluently改為fluent?？疾樾稳菰~。修飾名詞應用形容詞，故用形容詞fluent作定語修飾English。解析：municate改為municating?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z。have no trouble (in)doing sth. 意為”做某事沒有困難”，為固定搭配，故用動詞ing形式作賓語。解析：the改為an?？疾楣谠~。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞；又因American的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故將the改為an。解析：that改為which。考查定語從句。在定語從句中，介詞后跟關(guān)系代詞which/whom。結(jié)合語境可知，關(guān)系詞表示前面整件事，故將that改為which。解析：刪除to?？疾榻樵~。由語境可知，此處應用In addition表示“此外”，故將介詞to刪除。in addition to為介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動詞ing作賓語，不可單獨使用。解析：hostess改為hostess?？疾槊~所有格。這里指女主人的廚藝，應用名詞所有格。第二組. 語法填空(2017全國卷)She looks like any other schoolgirl，freshfaced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course . But unlike her school friends ,16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm _1. resting_ (rest). Instead，she is earning 6500 a day as _2. a_ model in New York. Sarah _3. has been told/was told_ (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter,44，wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah， _4. who_ has taken part in shows along with top models wants _5. to prove_ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her _6. education_ (educate). She has turned down several _7. invitations_ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree _8. in_ engineering or architecture. Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment，school _9. es_ (e) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is _10. certainly_ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model my more. ”文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，講述了16歲的Sarah在上學的同時兼職做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；雖然她父親希望她當全職模特，但是Sarah仍然堅持要完成學業(yè)。解析：考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，故填resting。解析：考查冠詞。該空后面model是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，此處表示“作為一名模特”，故填a。解析：考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處動詞tell與Sarah是被動關(guān)系，因為第二段在講述父親和Sarah的想法時都是用現(xiàn)在時，因此可以用現(xiàn)在完成時表達過去對現(xiàn)在的影響，故可以填has been told。此外，“被告知”這件事情發(fā)生在過去，故也可填was told。解析：考查定語從句。此句Sarah是主語，wants是主句謂語，因此可以判斷此處是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Sarah，從句中缺主語且指人，故填who。解析：考查非謂語動詞。want to do是固定搭配，故填to prove。解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞her后需用educate的名詞形式，故填education。解析：考查名詞單復數(shù)。invitation是可數(shù)名詞，前面有several修飾，要用復數(shù)形式，故填invitations。解析：考查介詞。degree與介詞in搭配，表示在某方面的學位。故填in。解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。全文均為現(xiàn)在時，且school是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填es。解析：考查副詞。此處fun是名詞，但空處修飾整個句子，作狀語，故填certainly。. 短文改錯(2018湖北省八校高三第一次聯(lián)考)It is essential to take an useful summer vacation after the exam. There are many kinds of activity for us to take part. First，we can visit our relatives and friends or spend a happily time with our family. Second，seeing a film，listening to music or hang out with our friends will also be excited. Third，we should take more exercise to keep healthy. Whats more，wed better to review what we had learned at school. Finally，it is necessary of us to do some housework，that can help our parents a lot. Above all，I hope all of us can have a pleasant vacation. 答案：It is essential to take useful summer vacation after the exam. There are many kinds of for us to take part . First, we can visit our relatives and friends or spend a time with our family. Second, seeing a film, listening to music or out with our friends will also be . Third, we should take more exercise to keep healthy. Whats more, wed better to review what we learned at school. Finally, it is necessary us to do some housework, can help our parents a lot. Above all, I hope all of us can have a pleasant vacation. 解析：an改為a?？疾椴欢ü谠~。該處表示泛指，且useful為輔音音素開頭的單詞，故用不定冠詞a。解析：activity改為activities?？疾槊~的復數(shù)形式。activity為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)該句中的“many kinds of”可知，該處用復數(shù)形式，表示“各種各樣的活動”。解析：take part后加in?？疾楣潭ù钆?。take part in為固定搭配，意為”參加”。此處表示我們可以參加各種各樣的活動。解析：happily改為happy?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)該句中的名詞time可知，該處修飾該名詞，故用形容詞。該處表示首先我們能拜訪我們的親朋好友，或者和家人一起度過快樂的時光。 解析：hang改為hanging?？疾閯用~。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，謂語will also be前面的部分為主語；由seeing a film，listening to music可以判斷，該處與它們并列，也應當用動名詞作主語。此處表示第二，看電影，聽音樂或者和朋友們出去玩也會令人很興奮。解析：excited改為exciting。考查形容詞。該句主語為事物，故用exciting，表示“令人興奮的”。解析：刪除better后的to?？疾閯釉~不定式。had better意為“最好”，后接動詞原形。該句表示更重要的是，我們最好復習一下我們在學校所學的知識。解析：had改為have?？疾闀r態(tài)。全文使用的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時，因此該處應用現(xiàn)在完成時，而不是過去完成時。解析：of改為for?？疾榻樵~。該處表示最后，我們有必要做一些家務，這會給我們的父母很多幫助。it isadj. for sb. to do sth. 為固定句型，表示“某人做某事是”，其中形容詞形容事物的性質(zhì)，應用介詞for，不能用of。解析：that改為which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代主句的內(nèi)容，且在從句中作主語，故用which引導該定語從句。