Unit3 Inventors and inventions.閱讀理解AnautonomousvehicledesignedformakinglocalcommercedeliverieswasunveiledbyNuro.ThevehicleisabouttheheightofanSUVbutfarnarrowerthanatypicalcar.Theelectriccarfeaturesfourexteriorcompartments(隔層)twooneachsidetoholdseparatedeliveries.Eachcompartmentcanbetailoredtoaspecificuse,suchascookingapizzaorrefrigeratingapackage.“Wecanuseself-drivingtechnologytodeliveranything,anytime,anywhereforbasicallyalllocalgoodsandservices,” Nuroco-founderDaveFergusonsaid. “Consumersusedtobeokaywithtwo-weekpaidshipping.Itbecametwo-weekfreedelivery,followedbyoneweek,twodays,andthesameday.Nowsame-daydeliveryisntfastenoughforsomecustomers.”Nuroisntaloneinbuildingrobotsforlocalcommercedeliveries.Earlierthismonth,Toyota,aJapanesecarcompany,unveiledaconceptvehiclethatcouldbeusedforpackagedelivery.Ahandfulofstart-upsincludingStarshipTechnologies,MarbleandDispatcharetestingsmallrobotsfordeliveriesonsidewalks.Nurosvehiclewilllikelyfacelegalhurdles.FullyautonomousvehicleswithoutatestdriverarentlegalinCaliforniatoday,andmanycompanieshaveshiftedtestingtostateswhereregulatorsaremorewelcomingofautonomousvehicles,suchasArizona.Nuroexpectstofacefewerchallengesbecauseitdoesntcarrypassengers.Nurosnarrowsizemayalsobehelpfulwhennavigatingstreetsandavoidingpedestrians.Thevehicleisntequippedwithanyspecialfeaturestocommunicatewithpedestriansorotherroadusers.Somecompanieshavetestedandpatentedsolutionssuchasdigitalscreensthatsignalthecarsnextmove.Fergusonsaidhisteamhadconductedstudiesandfoundthatsuchtechniquescouldconfusepeople.Nurobelievesitsbettertomakesurethecarperformspredictably,sothathumandriversknowwhattoexpectfromit.“Wefeelbycreatingthisnewtechnologythatsgoingtoenablethislastmiledelivery,weregoingtobecreatingnewmarketsanddoingthingsthatpreviouslywerentpossible,” Fergusonsaid. “Thisisnotswappingjobswithrobots.Itscreatingnewmarkets.Therewilldefinitelybenewemploymentopportunities.”1.WhatisthemaincharacteristicoftheNurosself-drivingvehicle?A.Itcancookdeliciousmealsforcustomers.B.Itisapioneerinthefieldofself-drivingvehicles.C.Itisfarnarrowerandhigherthanotherautonomousones.D.Itsdeliveriescanbetransportedinthespecialcompartment.2.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword “hurdles” inParagraph4?A.Breakthrough.B.Dilemma.C.Restriction.D.Protection.3.WhyistheNurosvehiclenotequippedwithcommunicatingfeatures?A.Itsdigitalscreensoftenbreakdown.B.Peoplemaybepuzzledatthefeatures.C.Thefeatureshavenotbeendeveloped.D.Itsperformanceisusuallyhardtopredict.4.WhatcanweinferaboutFergusonsopiniononthisnewtechnology?A.Beneficial.B.Challenging.C.Controversial.D.Ambiguous.閱讀七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.1Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywontbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.2ThankstoengineerAndyOzcan,manypeoplemayneverbeinthissituation.Hehasinventedanappthatturnsyourmobilephoneintoadiagnostic(診斷的)tool.Ozcansinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.Inmanyremoteplaces,evenifdoctorshavemicroscopesandotherinstrumentstohelpthemmakediagnoses,theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,donthaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.3WithOzcansmobilephoneapp,healthworkerscantakeaspecialphotoofabloodsampleandsendittoacentralcomputeratahospital.Thecomputerwillthenautomaticallyinterpretthephotoandsendadiagnosisbackinafewminutes.4HistechnologyonlyrequiresamobilephoneandanInternetconnection.Asmorethanfourbillionpeoplealreadyhavecellphones,thecostofestablishingthediagnosticsystemisfairlylow.ByinventingamedicaltoolthatusesexistingtechnologymobilephonesOzcanhasdevelopedamedicaltoolthatisbothpracticalandeconomical.Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.5A.AnotherreasonthatOzcansinventionisimportantisthatitisinexpensive.B.Eventhoughyoumayonlyhaveasimpleinfection(感染),youmightdiebecauseofthedelay.C.Peoplearetryingtoreducethecostofthisnewmedicaltool.D.Ozcanssimple,cost-effectivetoolmightjustsavemillionsoflivesaroundtheworld.E.Thistoolhasbecomemuchmorepopularallaroundtheworld.F.Youbecomeverysickandmustwaitdaysuntilamobilemedicalunitarrivestohelp.G.Asaresult,theymaydiagnoseillnessesincorrectly.完形填空Mymotherhasalwaysbeeninvolvedinearlychildhoodeducation.Sheoftensetsthesceneforchildrento1thejoyofphysicalactivity,gettingthemexcitedand2tolearn.MumwassoproudofmeafterI3thetriathlonatthe2000Olympics,butbeforethedust4,shegrabbedme,saying: “Nowthisisyour5.Useit.” Shewasntspeakingfromaneconomicpointofviewbuttalkingaboutthe6ofmybeingarolemodel,encouragingkidsto7theirdreams.SincetheOlympics,Ihave8morethan100schools.Italktothekidsabout “l(fā)ivingalifeless9,” aconceptpassedontomebymyparentstheideaof10beingaverage.Itellthemthatyouwill11whatyoubelieve.AsIwasakid,mymothercametoevery12nottopressuremebutto13me.Oneofmyfavouritesports-relatedmemorieswaswhenIwas14intheCanadianTriathlonChampionships.AsIranbyabigtruck,Isawmymother15ontopofoneofitshugewheels,cheeringforme.Ifinditsadwhenpeoplesaytheirparentshaveneverseenthem16.WhenIwasattheUniversity,Icompletedonlyonesemesterandthendecidedto17soIcouldraceprofessionallyfull-time.MumwasthefirstpersonIcalled.Itwasa18moment.Iwasntsurehowshewouldreact.“Mum,Ihavethisopportunity,andIthinkImgoingtotakeit.Whatdoyouthink?”Shewasas19asever.Itturnedouttobeagood20.Supportingyourchildren,trustingtheirdecisions,givingwell-thought-outadvicethosearedefinitelyimportantqualities.1.A.experienceB.evaluateC.expressD.expect2.A.afraidB.readyC.relaxedD.unwilling3.A.wonB.choseC.playedD.watched4.A.roseB.settledC.flewD.appeared5.A.luckB.timeC.crossroadsD.opportunity6.A.demandB.happinessC.courageD.importance7.A.displayB.followC.appreciateD.abandon8.A.servedB.attendedC.visitedD.started9.A.energeticB.colourfulC.miserableD.ordinary10.A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.usually11.A.neglectB.achieveC.suspectD.assume12.A.practiceB.schoolC.gameD.kindergarten13.A.supportB.rewardC.instructD.comfort14.A.surfingB.jumpingC.joggingD.running15.A.sittingB.speakingC.standingD.performing16.A.competeB.succeedC.separateD.compromise17.A.dropinB.dropoffC.dropoutD.dropback18.A.magicB.nervousC.criticalD.serious19.A.attractiveB.talkativeC.imaginativeD.supportive20.A.considerationB.intentionC.suggestionD.decision課時作業(yè)(三十八).【文章大意】 文章是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Nuro自主設(shè)計的一種自動駕駛汽車。此自動駕駛汽車被用來遞送貨物,并有著廣闊的前景。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theelectriccarfeaturesfourexteriorcompartments(隔層) twooneachside toholdseparatedeliveries.”可知,Nuro的自動駕駛汽車的主要特征是它的運(yùn)送可以在特殊的隔層里運(yùn)輸,故選D。2.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“FullyautonomousvehicleswithoutatestdriverarentlegalinCaliforniatoday,andmanycompanieshaveshiftedtestingtostateswhereregulatorsaremorewelcomingofautonomousvehicles,suchasArizona.”可知,在加利福尼亞沒有駕照駕駛?cè)詣咏煌üぞ呤遣缓戏ǖ?由此可推知hurdle意為“限制”,故選C。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第五句“Fergusonsaidhisteamhadconductedstudiesandfoundthatsuchtechniquescouldconfusepeople.”可知,這樣的技術(shù)可能會使人困惑,故選B。4.A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Ferguson 的話“Thisisnotswappingjobswithrobots.Itscreatingnewmarkets.Therewilldefinitelybenewemploymentopportunities.”可知這樣的新技術(shù)增加了新的就業(yè)機(jī)會,據(jù)此推測Ferguson認(rèn)為這樣的新技術(shù)是有益的,故選A。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個用來診斷疾病的手機(jī)應(yīng)用軟件。1.F承接上文“Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.”,并結(jié)合常識可知,在一個沒有醫(yī)療診所的偏遠(yuǎn)村莊,病得很重的情況下,只能等數(shù)日才能得到醫(yī)療救助,故選F。2.B承接上文“Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywontbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.”可知,醫(yī)生要先檢查,采集血樣,無法立即提供幫助,可推知,患者的治療可能會被耽誤,故選B。3.G承接上文“Manydoctors,forexample,donthaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.”可知,許多醫(yī)生因為沒有足夠的訓(xùn)練而不能正確地進(jìn)行診斷,由此會誤診,故選G。4.A承接上文“Qzcansinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.”,并根據(jù)對本段的整體理解可推知,本段主要說明了這項發(fā)明很重要的另一個原因,故選A。5.D承接上文“Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.”可知,由于經(jīng)濟(jì)實用,這項發(fā)明幾乎可以在任何地方使用,由此可知,這個簡單且實惠的產(chǎn)品將會挽救全世界數(shù)以百萬計患者的生命,故選D。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己從事鐵人三項運(yùn)動,受到媽媽的支持和鼓勵并獲得成功的故事告訴我們:支持你的孩子,相信他們的決定,并給予深思熟慮的建議,這些都是教育孩子中重要的品質(zhì)。1.A媽媽讓孩子們體驗體育活動的樂趣。experience體驗;evaluate評價;express 表達(dá);expect期待,預(yù)料。 2.B她讓孩子們興奮起來,準(zhǔn)備學(xué)習(xí)。afraid 害怕的;ready準(zhǔn)備好;relaxed放松的;unwilling不情愿的。3.A在2000年的奧運(yùn)會上作者贏得鐵人三項后,媽媽為此感到驕傲。win贏得;choose選擇;play玩;watch觀看。 4.B此處指賽前媽媽對作者說的話。beforethedustsettled在塵埃落定之前。rise上升;settle解決,定居;fly飛;appear出現(xiàn)。 5.D媽媽鼓勵作者要抓住機(jī)會。luck運(yùn)氣;time時間;crossroads十字路口;opportunity機(jī)會。 6.D媽媽說了榜樣的重要性。demand要求;happiness幸福;courage勇氣;importance重要性。7.B榜樣的重要性是能鼓勵孩子們追隨他們的夢想。display展示;follow追隨;appreciate 欣賞,感激;abandon遺棄。 8.C自奧運(yùn)會以來,作者參觀了100多所學(xué)校。serve服務(wù);attend參加,照料;visit訪問;start開始。 9.D此處指作者在激勵孩子們要過一種不平凡的生活。energetic精力充沛的;colourful豐富多彩的;miserable痛苦的;ordinary普通的。10.A這種想法是不要做普通人。never從不;always總是;seldom很少;usually通常。11.B作者告訴孩子們:你會得到你想要的。neglect疏忽;achieve達(dá)到,完成;suspect懷疑;assume假定。 12.C此處指媽媽來觀看作者的每一場比賽。practice練習(xí);school學(xué)校;game比賽;kindergarten幼兒園。13.A媽媽來觀看作者的比賽是為了支持作者。support支持;reward獎勵;instruct指導(dǎo);comfort安慰。14.D作者最喜歡的一個有關(guān)體育的記憶是參加加拿大鐵人三項錦標(biāo)賽時跑步的情景。surf沖浪;jump跳躍;jog慢跑;run跑。15.C作者的母親站在一個巨大的輪子上,為作者歡呼。sit坐;speak講話;stand站立;perform表演。 16.A當(dāng)人們說他們的父母從未看過他們比賽時,作者感到很難過。compete參加競賽;succeed成功;separate分開;compromise妥協(xié)。 17.C作者在大學(xué)的時候,只完成了一個學(xué)期的課程,然后決定退學(xué)。dropin 順便訪問;dropoff減少;dropout退學(xué);dropback后退。 18.B根據(jù)“Iwasntsurehowshewouldreact.”可知,那是一個緊張的時刻。magic有魔力的;nervous緊張不安的;critical批評的;serious嚴(yán)肅的,認(rèn)真的。 19.D媽媽一如既往地支持作者。attractive具有吸引力的;talkative愛多說話的;imaginative富于想象力的;supportive支持的。20.D結(jié)果證明這是一個很好的決定。consideration仔細(xì)考慮;intention意圖;suggestion建議;decision決定。