Unit3 Computers.閱讀理解Companiesthathaveinvested(投資)heavilyinbigdatawanttoknowhowtomakesmartinvestmentsthatwilldistinguishthemfromthecompetitionandenablethebestpossiblereturnbeforemakingthedecisiontogoallin.Inthepast,notallenterprisebigdataplanswentasplanned.Thesefailuresarenotusuallypublished,butthebigdatafailurerateisunusuallyhigh.AccordingtoGartner,only15%ofbusinessesmakeitpasttheexperimentalstageoftheseprojects.Ourfear,asleadersoftechnologycompanies,isthatwithsomuchattentionsurroundingartificialintelligence,thepressureisonforustoapplythetechnologywithoutfirstsettingclearbusinessgoalsandunderstandingthedifferencesbetweenartificialintelligenceandmachinelearningandhowtheyshouldbeapplied,thusriskingfallingbehindthemanydecision-makerswhoareadoptingtechnologies.Itseasytogetcaughtupinthegreatexpectationofartificialintelligenceaswellasitspromoted,includingbreakthroughslikedeeplearning,butthoselookingtomakeanoutsizedinfluenceshouldinsteadfocusongoodold-fashionedmachinelearningorcheaplearning.Thedistinctionissimple:cheaplearningisaboutusingbasicmachinelearningtechniquesonstraightforwarddatasetsindifferentpartsofacompanytoproducealargenumberofsmall,gradualimprovements.Deeplearning,ontheotherhand,isaspecificpartofmachinelearning.Deeplearningisacollectionofadvancedmachinelearningapproachesthatmakebusinessdecisionsbasedonhighlycomplexdatasetspossible.Fortasksofanalysingrawdata,suchasimagesandvoicerecordings,deeplearningisbest.Butwhenitcomestoworkingonsimplified,structuredtypesofdata,wevefoundcheapmachinelearningwilldothetrick.Whenyouconsiderthatthemajorityofdataflowingthroughenterprisesfallsintothissecondcategory,itsclearwhichtoolmakesthemostsense.1.Whatdoweknowaboutinvestmentinbigdatafromthefirstparagraph?A.Itssecret.B.Itssafe.C.Itsrisky.D.Itsfruitful.2.Whichofthefollowingaddstothepressureontheleadingtechnologycompanies?A.Understandingartificialintelligenceandmachinelearning.B.Wastingtoomuchtimeonartificialintelligence.C.Fallingbehindothercompanies.D.Actingwithunclearbusinessgoals.3.Whatshouldcompanieswithambitionsconcentrateon?A.Astronginfluence.B.Bigbreakthroughs.C.Cheaplearning.D.Deeplearning.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase “dothetrick” inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Invest.B.Cheat.C.Function.D.Simplify.閱讀七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everythingisonlinethesedays,anditssoeasytosearchonlineforwhateveryouwant.TheInternetisavaluabletool,butitseasytofindyourselfdisturbedbyit.Forexample,youreworkingonanessay,andyouneedtodosomesearchonline.1Beforeyouknowit,youvespentanhourreadingmoreinformationthanyoullbeabletouse.Maybeyounoticeanattractivetitleorsomethingelsethatdrawsyouawayfromyourwork.2AddictiontosocialmediaiscloselyrelatedtoourgeneraladdictiontotheInternet.Everyoneisalwaysontheirphones.3Asaresult,whenIgettowork,Idonthaveenoughattentionandenergytoputtowardsthetask.Ifthissoundslikeyou,thenyourproductivityhassufferedbecauseofthewayyouusetheInternet.4Soweshouldlearntolivewithit.TheonlywaytostoptheInternetfromoccupyingallyourtimeandconcentrationistodisconnect.Whenyoudisconnect,youllgetyourattentionbackandworkproductively.Thus,whenworkingonachallengingtask,keepyourphoneoutofreach.Meanwhile,gointoyourworkwiththeintentionofhavinggreaterfocusandenergysothatyoullbediscouragedfromusingtheInternet.5Thispressurewillhelpyougetthejobdoneontime.A.Yoursearchtermsbringback20pagesofresults.B.Onthewhole,theInternetcanbeahelporablock.C.Itwilldrawyourattentiontomoreimportantmatters.D.TheInternethaschangedthewayourworldfunctions.E.Asaresult,timedisappearsbutyoustilldontfinishyourwork.F.Ihavesurelycaughtmyselfcheckingmyphoneeverytenminutes.G.Besides,youcanforceyourselftocompleteyourtaskinthefixedtime.完形填空Oneday,LukeFortunedrovefromOregontoPortland,whereheparkedhiscarinapaidgarageovernight.Thenextmorning,he1thecarswindowhadbeenbroken,alongwithhis2forthefuture:hiscomputerwas3. “Everythingimportanttomewasonthatcomputer,” saidFortune. “Ifelt4.”Twodaysafterthe5,anotheryoungmancalledFortune.MasoudAlmazroueiwasanexchangestudentfromtheUnitedArabEmirates.Hedbeen6byamanwhosaidhehadacomputerforsale.Only$200.Almazrouei7acomputer,soheboughtit,tookithome,andturnediton.Withinseconds,hesawfilesandphotographs. “Iwonderedwhowould8acomputerwithallofthisonit,” hesaid. “I9itcouldbestolen.” Almazroueifoundwhatappearedtobetheownersphonenumberandcalledit10.“Hetoldmethestoryandsaiditwashisfault.Ithoughtitwasa11.Itoldhimifhereallyhadthe12,heshouldtakeittothepolice,” Fortunesaid.13,apoliceofficercalledFortunetosaythatamanhaddroppedthecomputeroffandsaidhewas14.Hepassedonthemansnumber.FortunecalledandthankedAlmazroueiand15payinghimarewardof$200themoneyhewasout.Almazrouei16.Whenareportaboutthetwoyoungmensstorymadeittothelocalpapers,Almazroueireceiveda(n)17fromWimWiewel,thethenpresidentoftheuniversitywhereAlmazroueiwasstudying.Impressedwithhisstudents18,WiewelgaveAlmazroueianewcomputer. “Wethoughtsinceyou19thecomputer,weshouldgiveyouacomputersothatyoullhaveone,” Wieweltoldhim. “Werevery20you.”1.A.expectedB.concludedC.discoveredD.remembered2.A.dreamsB.skillsC.decisionsD.imaginations3.A.robbedB.hiddenC.brokenD.gone4.A.specialB.sadC.absurdD.regretful5.A.theftB.conflictC.adventureD.emergency6.A.inspiredB.remindedC.interviewedD.approached7.A.operatedB.neededC.possessedD.assessed8.A.returnB.likeC.sellD.throw9.A.realizedB.predictedC.admittedD.guaranteed10.A.unwillinglyB.cautiouslyC.immediatelyD.automatically11.A.mistakeB.catastropheC.misunderstandingD.trick12.A.chanceB.computerC.braveryD.experience13.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.AfterwardsD.Therefore14.A.sorryB.movedC.luckyD.terrified15.A.enjoyedB.practisedC.succeededinD.insistedon16.A.ignoredB.refusedC.hesitatedD.withdrew17.A.invitationB.apologyC.warningD.call18.A.honestyB.achievementC.independenceD.determination19.A.tookbackB.paidbackC.gavebackD.heldback20.A.tiredofB.proudofC.curiousaboutD.concernedabout課時作業(yè)(八).【文章大意】 本文是一篇科技說明文。投資大數(shù)據(jù)的成功率很低;人工智能的突破涉及深度學(xué)習(xí),而深度學(xué)習(xí)和簡單學(xué)習(xí)適用于不同的企業(yè)執(zhí)行不同的任務(wù)。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知,投資大數(shù)據(jù)的失敗率相當(dāng)高,風(fēng)險巨大,故選C。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知,運(yùn)用這種技術(shù)而沒有預(yù)先設(shè)定清晰的商業(yè)目標(biāo)會帶來壓力,故選D。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的內(nèi)容可知,那些想要有極大影響的(即有抱負(fù)的)企業(yè)要集中精力于好的、舊式的簡單學(xué)習(xí),故選C。4.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句并結(jié)合第二句可推知,此處dothetrick是“起作用”的含義,故選C。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文,主要講述了網(wǎng)絡(luò)在給人們帶來便利的同時,也帶來了一些困擾。1.A承接上文“Forexample,youreworkingonanessay,andyouneedtodosomesearchonline.”,并與下文“Beforeyouknowit,youvespentanhourreadingmoreinformationthanyoullbeabletouse.”呼應(yīng)可知,網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索會有很多結(jié)果,故選A。2.E承接上文“Beforeyouknowit,youvespentanhourreadingmoreinformationthanyoullbeabletouse.”可推知,瀏覽網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的眾多信息需要花費(fèi)很多時間,因此會耽誤工作,故選E。3.F承接上文“Everyoneisalwaysontheirphones.”,并與下文的具體實(shí)例結(jié)合可推知,此處表示作者自己曾沉溺于手機(jī),故選F。4.B結(jié)合下文“Soweshouldlearntolivewithit.”,并結(jié)合對本文的整體理解可推知,此處是一個過渡句,起到承上啟下的作用,總結(jié)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)有利有弊,故選B。5.G承接下文“Thispressurewillhelpyougetthejobdoneontime.”可推知,要準(zhǔn)時完成任務(wù)就給自己一些壓力,強(qiáng)迫自己去做事,故選G。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇記敘文,講述Almazrouei歸還被盜的電腦的故事。1.C第二天早晨,他發(fā)現(xiàn)汽車的玻璃被打碎了。expect預(yù)期;conclude 結(jié)束;discover 發(fā)現(xiàn);remember記得。2.A此處指他的夢想就像被打碎的玻璃一樣破滅了。dream夢想;skill技能;decision 決定;imagination想象。3.D根據(jù)上下文可知,他的電腦不見了。rob搶劫;hide隱藏;break 打碎;go離去。4.B電腦不見了,所以他感覺很悲傷。special特別的;sad悲傷的;absurd 荒謬的;regretful后悔的。5.A根據(jù)上下文可判斷,這是一起盜竊案。theft 盜竊;conflict沖突;adventure 冒險;emergency緊急情況。6.D一個男人走近他,說他有一臺電腦要賣。inspire 激發(fā);remind提醒;interview采訪;approach接近。7.B根據(jù)“soheboughtit,tookithome,andturnediton.”可知,Almazrouei需要一臺電腦。operate操作;need需要;possess擁有;assess評估。8.CAlmazrouei想知道誰會賣一臺裝有這些文件和照片的電腦。return 返回;like喜歡;sell銷售;throw投。9.AAlmazrouei意識到它一定是被偷的。realize意識到;predict預(yù)測;admit 承認(rèn);guarantee擔(dān)保。10.CAlmazrouei 發(fā)現(xiàn)了疑似電腦主人的電話號碼,立即給他打電話。unwillingly不情愿地;cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地;immediately立即;automatically自動地。11.D根據(jù)“heshouldtakeittothepolice,”可知,Fortune認(rèn)為這是一個惡作劇。mistake錯誤;catastrophe大災(zāi)難;misunderstanding 誤會;trick惡作劇。12.B根據(jù)前文可知,Fortune是說如果他真的有這臺電腦,他應(yīng)該把它交給警察。chance 機(jī)會;computer 電腦;bravery勇敢;experience經(jīng)歷。13.C后來,一位警官給Fortune打電話。 besides此外;however然而;afterwards然后;therefore因此。14.A根據(jù)“Hetoldmethestoryandsaiditwashisfault.”可知,他說他很抱歉。sorry抱歉的;moved感動的;lucky幸運(yùn)的;terrified恐懼的。15.DFortune堅(jiān)決要求給Almazrouei200美元作為報答。enjoy 享受;practise 練習(xí);succeedin成功;insiston堅(jiān)決要求。16.BAlmazrouei 拒絕了。ignore忽略;refuse拒絕;hesitate猶豫;withdraw收回。17.DAlmazrouei 接到了他當(dāng)時所在大學(xué)的校長WimWiewel的電話。invitation邀請;apology道歉;warning 警告;call電話。18.A被他的學(xué)生的誠實(shí)所打動,Wiewel給了Almazrouei一臺新電腦。honesty誠實(shí);achievement成就;independence 獨(dú)立;determination決心。19.CWiewel說因?yàn)锳lmazrouei歸還了電腦,他應(yīng)該獎給他一臺電腦。takeback 拿回;payback 償還;giveback 歸還;holdback阻止。20.BWiewel為學(xué)校培養(yǎng)出像Almazrouei這樣的學(xué)生而感到驕傲。betiredof 厭煩;beproudof 為而感到驕傲;becuriousabout好奇,想知道;beconcernedabout關(guān)心,擔(dān)憂。