Unit 4Sharing【短文語(yǔ)法填空】How do native speakers truly feel when speaking with nonnative English speakers? It seems that 1. (break) English annoys them.However, they keep being really nice when speaking with nonnative speakers.I wonder how they really feel when doing so.I think it would depend 2. the native English speakers.Some people are just 3. (easy) annoyed.Personally, I study Spanish.When I hear someone 4. (attempt) English, I am patient with them because I know 5. difficult it is to talk in a nonnative tongue.I also know English is very difficult 6. (learn), and that increases my respect for their efforts.Im a patient person by nature.The situation matters too.If I were waiting 7. (table) on a super crowded day and really 8. (need) to do about a dozen different things, I might bee upset at having to wait for someone to struggle while ordering his meal.There also exists the 9. (possible) that what is considered as annoyance is not true annoyance.I might frown(皺眉) while listening to a nonnative speaker, 10. that would be because I am concentrating and listening hard to understand him.It wouldnt mean Im at all annoyed.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】當(dāng)一個(gè)母語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)的人聽(tīng)到一個(gè)人說(shuō)著蹩腳的英語(yǔ)時(shí)是什么感受？厭煩還是耐心傾聽(tīng)？本文就此問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了討論。1broken解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：似乎蹩腳的英語(yǔ)讓他們感到厭煩。修飾名詞用形容詞，故填動(dòng)詞break的形容詞形式broken，意為“蹩腳的；不流利的”。2on/upon解析：考查介詞。句意：我認(rèn)為這要取決于英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人。depend on/upon是固定搭配，意為“依賴(lài)；取決于”。故填on/upon。3easily解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：有些人就是容易生氣。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞，要用副詞，故填easily。4attempting解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我聽(tīng)到有人努力說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)，我很耐心是因?yàn)槲抑烙梅悄刚Z(yǔ)交流是多么不容易。此處為“hear賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，attempt與賓語(yǔ)之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處指聽(tīng)到有人正在努力說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填attempting。5how解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意見(jiàn)上一題解析。此處為感嘆句用作賓語(yǔ)從句，用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。設(shè)空處修飾形容詞difficult，故填how。6to learn解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我也知道英語(yǔ)很難學(xué)，那增加了我對(duì)他們的努力的尊重。在“it isadj.to do.”句型中，it是形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))作真正的主語(yǔ)，故填to learn。7tables解析：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：如果我正在人超級(jí)多的一天招待顧客，且真的需要做很多件不同的事情，我可能會(huì)因不得不等待在點(diǎn)餐時(shí)糾結(jié)不已的人而感到心煩意亂。wait tables是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“招待顧客”。故填tables。8needed解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意見(jiàn)上一題解析。根據(jù)并列連詞and可知，前后時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該一致，故填過(guò)去式needed。9possibility解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：也存在這樣的可能性，有些煩惱不是真的煩惱。定冠詞the后接名詞形式，且根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞exists可知，應(yīng)填形容詞possible的名詞形式possibility。10but/yet解析：考查連詞。句意：聽(tīng)非母語(yǔ)的講話者說(shuō)話時(shí)，我可能緊皺著眉頭，但那是因?yàn)槲以诰劬珪?huì)神地努力去聽(tīng)懂他。根據(jù)句意可知，前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but/yet。(對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P173)一高考單詞識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1核心詞匯_relevant_ adj.有關(guān)的；切題的_otherwise_ conj.否則；不然 adv.用別的方法；其他方面_purchase_ vt.& n買(mǎi)；購(gòu)買(mǎi)adjust vi.& vt.調(diào)整；(使)適合_adjustable_ adj.可調(diào)整的_adjustment_ n調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)participate vi.參與；參加 _participation_ n參加，參與 _participant_ n參與者donate vt.捐贈(zèng) _donation_ n捐贈(zèng) _donator_ n捐贈(zèng)者voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的 _volunteer_ n& vi.志愿者；自愿做distribute vt.分配；分發(fā) _distribution_ n分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài)operate vi.工作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) vt.操作 _operation_ n手術(shù)，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)_operator_ n操作人員2?？荚~匯fortnight n_兩星期_concept n_概念_privilege n_特權(quán)；特別優(yōu)待_anniversary n_周年紀(jì)念_security n_安全；保護(hù)；保障_用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Last year, Moran worked on a project that _arranged_ (arrange) Fats Wallers music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，”says Moran.(2017全國(guó)卷)2I work with _Volunteers_ (volunteer) for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.(2017全國(guó)卷)3We have yet to invent a firewall that is _secure_ (security) against ordinary humans，let alone super intelligent machines.(2017北京卷)4When another person helps us in such ways，now he or she _is participating_ (participate) in what Ive called a“social prosthetic (義肢的) system.”(2016江蘇卷)5Volunteers came with carloads of _donated_ (donate) clothing and toys.Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.(2016北京卷)6For example，the moment you get on the airplane，start _adjusting_ (adjust) your biological clock to the destinations time.(2015重慶卷)7Thus，class may not be culturally and _politically_ (police) obvious，yet it remains an important part of British society.(2015廣東卷)8You can write anything _relevant_ (relevance) so long as its interesting and informative.(2015全國(guó)卷)牽手 privilegea privilege to do sth./of doing sth.有幸做某事have the privilege to do/of doing sth.have the right to do sth.有做某事的特權(quán)privileged adj.享有特權(quán)的；榮幸的；幸運(yùn)的be privileged to do sth 做某事是榮幸的operate 多元須知operate properly (運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常)operate at once (立刻動(dòng)手術(shù))the medicine operates (藥起作用)operate a puter (操作電腦)operate a shop (經(jīng)營(yíng)一家商店)與“經(jīng)濟(jì)生活”有關(guān)的高頻單詞小結(jié)distribute vt.分發(fā)；分配；分布export vt.& vi.出口；輸出import vt.進(jìn)口；輸入invest vt.&.vi.投資bid vt.出價(jià)；投標(biāo)pete vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)含詞根“viv/vit(生命)”的單詞vivid adj.生動(dòng)的revive vt.復(fù)活revival n復(fù)活survive v存活；幸存survival n存活；幸存survivor n幸存者含rrow的詞一覽narrow adj.狹窄的arrow n箭頭borrow v借sorrow n傷心sparrow n麻雀【完形填空】I lived in Dallas，Texas nearly all my life with my dad，mom and younger brother.We were raised to _1_ others，value education，and get all that we could out of life.My parents always say，“Work _2_ and the world is yours.”They are _3_ without a helpful word of_4_ or a bit of encouragement when life gets_5_.My parents always _6_ me to go to college.However, when I_7_ at 16 years old that Id rather get married to a man _8_ go to college，they never stopped telling me they loved me and I could do anything I wanted to.Thankfully，they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and currently _9_ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine.I want to make the world a_10_ place to live in.Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab or_11_ class it is that Im working hardest on for the moment，they tell me how _12_ of me they are.I know there are college kids out there that have no one to _13_ home to when they get an“A”on a project and I feel incredibly_14_ to have my parents.They never_15_ loving me or believing in me.Parents are the best gift that God gives me._16_ their constant love and encouragement，I wouldnt believe I can _17_ the world.My parents _18_ me to always fight for what I _19_ in.So Im working toward something really great and can only hope I_20_ to make them proud.1A.inspireBrespectCguide Dfollow2A.hard BsolidlyCattentively Dintelligently3A.sometimes BanytimeCever Dnever4A.method BadviceCeducation Dintroduction5A.tough BsmoothCbright Dhappy6A.reminded BsupposedCdesigned Dexpected7A.decided BhesitatedCjudged Dremembered8A.but BandCthan Dwhile9A.joined BattendedCserved Dadmitted10A.fortable BsuitableCpeaceful Dbetter11A.whenever BwhicheverCwherever Dhowever12A.ashamed BnervousCproud Dmodest13A.go BrunCreturn Dcall14A.blessed BannoyedCpraised Drelaxed15A.stopped BhelpedCblamed Dprevented16A.With BWithoutCUnder DBeneath17A.change BdestroyCconquer Dchallenge18A.forced BorderedCallowed Dtaught19A.enjoy BworkCbelieve Dlive20A.want BwishChave Dcontinue【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】爸爸、媽媽、弟弟和“我”住在達(dá)拉斯，父母教育我們要尊重別人，重視教育，他們的愛(ài)和鼓勵(lì)對(duì)“我”意義重大。1B根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，父母教育我們要尊重別人，重視教育。respect意為“尊敬，尊重”，符合語(yǔ)境。2A父母總是教育我們：“努力工作，世界就是你們的?！惫蔬xA。3D當(dāng)生活變得艱難時(shí)，父母總會(huì)給我們有益的建議或一些鼓勵(lì)。never without為雙重否定，表示肯定的意思。4B參見(jiàn)上題解析。a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建議”。5A參見(jiàn)3題解析。tough“艱難的，艱苦的”。6D根據(jù)該段中的“Thankfully, they persuaded me”可知，父母一直期望“我”上大學(xué)并最終說(shuō)服了“我”。expect“期望，期待”。7A根據(jù)下文父母對(duì)“我”的勸說(shuō)可知，16歲時(shí)“我”決定(decided)結(jié)婚而不是上大學(xué)。8C16歲時(shí)“我”決定結(jié)婚而不是上大學(xué)。would rather.than.為固定用法，表示“寧愿而不愿”。9B根據(jù)文中的“they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and.medicine”可知，“我”高中畢業(yè)后上了一所大學(xué)。attend意為“經(jīng)常去，定期去(學(xué)校、教堂等)”。10D根據(jù)文中的“the University of Oklahoma studying medicine”可知，“我”主修醫(yī)學(xué)，想讓這個(gè)世界成為更好的(better)可供人們生活的地方。11B每次當(dāng)“我”打電話告訴他們“我”在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的成績(jī)或是“我”當(dāng)時(shí)正努力學(xué)習(xí)的任何一門(mén)課程時(shí)，他們會(huì)告訴“我”他們以“我”為傲。whichever class意為“無(wú)論哪一門(mén)課”。12C父母以“我”取得的成績(jī)而自豪。be proud of為固定用法，意為“以自豪”。13D“我”知道有的大學(xué)生在得到一個(gè)“A”時(shí)，因沒(méi)家人所以無(wú)法打電話回家。故選D。14A和那些得了“A”卻沒(méi)有家人可告知的同學(xué)相比，“我”有這樣的父母是非常有福的。blessed意義“有福的”。15A父母從不停止對(duì)“我”的愛(ài)，從不停止對(duì)“我”的信賴(lài)。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。16B沒(méi)有(Without)父母持續(xù)不斷的愛(ài)和鼓勵(lì)，“我”不可能相信“我”能改變世界。17A參見(jiàn)上題解析。故選A。18D父母一直教育(taught)“我”去為“我”認(rèn)為對(duì)的事而奮斗。19C參見(jiàn)上題解析。believe in sth.“認(rèn)為某事好(或?qū)?、可接?”，符合語(yǔ)境。20D“我”會(huì)繼續(xù)努力，希望父母繼續(xù)為“我”感到自豪。continue to do sth.表示“繼續(xù)做某事”，為固定用法。二重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1動(dòng)詞介詞(副詞)hear _from_ 接到的信e _across_ 偶然遇到participate _in_ 參與；參加dry _out_ (使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透dry _up_ (指河流、井等)干涸get _through_ 完成；穿過(guò)adjust _to_ 調(diào)整；適應(yīng)2be形容詞to(be) dying _to_ 極想；渴望be relevant _to_.和有關(guān)3其他形式_the_ other day 不久前的一天_in_ need 在困難中；在危急中用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1If it had not been for his invitation _the other day_，I should not be here now.(2016江蘇卷)2From the earliest ages，they desire to help others，to share information and to _participate in_ achieving mon goals.(2016江蘇卷)3In summer，water the plants regularly and never let the soil _dry out_.4During the drought，the river _dried up_；as a result，many fish died.5She encouraged a sense of munity (社區(qū)) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people _in need_.6Its clear that the young American _is dying to_ learn Chinese from you.7My work colleagues _adjusted to_ my taking off at a moments notice for medical emergencies.8I dont think what he said _is relevant to_ the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.get 短語(yǔ)個(gè)個(gè)清get on/along with 進(jìn)展；融洽相處get across 講清楚；(使)被領(lǐng)會(huì)get around 四處走動(dòng)(旅行)；(消息等)傳播get down to 開(kāi)始認(rèn)真(做某事)(to為介詞)get through 通過(guò)；完成；接通(電話)get involved with 參加，參與“參加”詞匯個(gè)個(gè)清attend v出席(會(huì)議等)；參加(儀式)等join v加入(組織、團(tuán)體等)join in 加入(某項(xiàng)活動(dòng))take part in 加入(活動(dòng)、運(yùn)動(dòng)等)enter v參加participate in 參與(活動(dòng))sit for 參加(考試等)attach oneself to 參與三佳句選粹在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫(xiě)中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫(xiě)1.To be honest，I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boyslives at all.說(shuō)實(shí)在的，我真的不知道我教的課是否會(huì)讓這些孩子的生活有所改變。doubt whether.“懷疑是否”。doubt用于肯定句時(shí)，后面常用whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句。誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)，我懷疑他們兩天內(nèi)能否完成這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。To be honest，I doubt _whether they will finish the hard task_ in two days.2.We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我們步行了兩個(gè)半小時(shí)才到達(dá)那里先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一個(gè)陡坡，一直走到下邊的山谷。from where we had fantastic views是“介詞where”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。那個(gè)男孩爬到了那棟建筑物的三樓，從那個(gè)地方他可以看得更遠(yuǎn)。The boy climbed into the third storey of the building，_from where he could look farther into the distance_.3.The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的禮物不是給你所愛(ài)的人留念的，而是給那些確實(shí)有生活需要的人的一項(xiàng)志愿性捐助。not.but.“不是而是”，連接兩個(gè)并列成分。能給我們工作帶來(lái)最大益處的不是我們做了多少，而是我們對(duì)于自己所做的事情付出了多少愛(ài)。It is _not how much we do but_ how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.【七選五】The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring persons survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure bees active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear bees active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者講的是有關(guān)冒險(xiǎn)的科學(xué)的探索方面的內(nèi)容。1.F 【解析】選項(xiàng)F中的weigh risks and rewards與上文的weigh the risk and the reward相呼應(yīng)，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。2.C 【解析】選項(xiàng)C中的Being better at those things與上文的were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring相呼應(yīng)，因此選C。3.A 【解析】前文說(shuō)人們有各種不同的性格，因此你可能喜歡賽車(chē)，或者討厭賽車(chē)，故A項(xiàng)這完全是由你的性格決定的符合語(yǔ)境。4.E 【解析】根據(jù)上文的your willingness.teenage years及下文的hunger for new experiences.可知E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5.G 【解析】根據(jù)空后的For the risk-seekers.bees active可知，此處講的是面對(duì)緊張的局面時(shí)我們的大腦會(huì)有不同的反應(yīng)，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。