名詞性從句基礎(chǔ)鞏固.單句語(yǔ)法填空1Theywantedtounderstandpaintedthepicturesandwhattheymightmean.2Ifirsthavetoremovealltherottenparts，andsometimes，isleftisntenoughformydesigns.3hehadleftwithoutsayingonewordreallymadeallofusfeeldeeplyhurt.4Therefore，itisadvisableyoushouldvalueandtreatthemwithcare.5Hiswritingissoconfusingthatitsdifficulttomakeoutitisthatheistryingtoexpress.6Onereasonistheairaroundyoumovesinfromsomewhereelse.7IdidnotwanttogetanythanksbutIhopedIdidcouldinspiresomeonetodothesameaswell.8Wenowrealizeimportantfamilyis，especiallywhenyouareraisingchildren.9Youhavetoknowyouregoingifyouaretoplanthebestwaytogetthere.10Itisoftenthecaseanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)11MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.12Yoursupportisveryimportanttoourwork，howeveryoucandohelps.13Onthefarmyoucancombineyouhavelearnedwithpracticetothefullest.14Afterarrivingatschool，Idiscussedwithsomeclassmatesthatwecoulddo.15ThatinterestsmemostisEnglishandIalwaysgetgoodgradesintheexams.16Itseemsthatiftheresultisbad，whichpeopleworkforwillbemeaningless.17Butheoncesaid，“Ihavefailedoverandoveragaininmylife.AndthatsbecauseIsucceed.”18Wearethinkingaboutwhomcanbeadmittedintohisclub.Thenumberofmembersislimited.19Itisannouncedthattheawardwillgiventowhohasmadethelargestdonationtothecharity.20IknowwhatyouareinterestedinChinesefestivals，soIchooseanalbumofpapercuttingforyou.技法總結(jié)名詞性從句的考查主要集中在從句的引導(dǎo)詞上。首先要記住連接詞that，whether/if，as if/though，who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whomever，whatever，whichever，when，where，how，whenever，wherever，however等，然后分析它們?cè)趶木渲械某煞趾退鼈兯龑?dǎo)的從句在整個(gè)句子中的成分。名詞性從句的解題思路：(1)找出主句，確定主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，確定主句的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，查看句子成分是否缺失；(2)辨別哪部分是名詞性從句，確定從句的類型：主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句還是同位語(yǔ)從句，判斷連接詞的使用。(3)看名詞性從句中缺少什么成分，缺少什么補(bǔ)什么，如果什么都不缺，則用that。能力提升.閱讀理解A(2018廣東仲元中學(xué)等七校聯(lián)考)Traditionally，robotshavebeenhard，madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobotonethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus(章魚)DescribedinsciencejournalNature，the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch，rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisminimalsystemwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft，autonomousrobots，”thestudysauthorswrote.Robotsbuiltforprecise，repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdontdosowellonroughterrains(地形) orinunpredictableconditions.Andtheyarentespeciallysafearoundhumans，becausetheyremadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepotentiallydangeroustotheirusers.Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.Theyretakeninspirationfromnature，lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches，whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.Butcreatingacompletelysoftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮) body，itsstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts，suchasasourceofpower.“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage，itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications，suchassearchandrescueoperationsandexploration，”BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTechnologysCenterforMicroBioRobotics，wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandqualityoflife.”21Whatsthespecialfeatureof“Octobot”？AItssoft.BItsmadeofmetal.CItsverysmall.DItlookslikeanoctopus.22Whatsthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots?ATheyrehardtocontrol.BTheyretooheavytomove.CTheycantpredictconditions.DTheycantbehavewellallthetime.23OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOctobots.AsiliconebodyBcomplexcomponentsCprecisemovementsDflexiblepowersource24Whatcanweinferabouttheapplicationof“Octobot”？AIthasbeenusedinvariousfields.BIthasnotbeenputintouseonalargescale.CIthasbeenusedinthefieldofrescue.DIthasnotbeenimprovedyet.B(2018遼寧凌源三模)Asprovidersandcaretakers(監(jiān)護(hù)人)，adultstendtoviewthechildrenashappyandfree.Afterall，kidsdonthavejobstokeeporbillstopay，sowhatdotheypossiblyhavetoworryabout?Plenty! Evenveryyoungchildrenhaveworriesandfeelstressfultosomedegree.Stressisafunctionofthedemandsplacedonus.Thesedemandsoftencomefromoutsidesources，suchasfamilies，jobs，friends，orschools.Buttheycanalsocomefromourfeelings，forexample，whatwethinkweshouldbedoingversuswhatwereactuallyabletodo.Stresscanaffectanyonewhofeelsataloss，evenkids.Forkidsinthekindergarten，separationfromparentscancauseanxiety.Askidsgetolder，academicandsocialpressuresalsocreatestress，especiallythosewhowanttofitintheirschoolareprobablytogetmorestress.Manykidsaretoobusytohavetimetoplaycreativelyorrelaxafterschool.Kidswhocomplainaboutalltheiractivitiesorwhorefusetotakepartinthemmightbetootiredandfullofstress.Talkwithkidsabouthowtheyfeelabouttheactivitiesrelatedtotheircourses.Iftheycomplain，youshouldconsiderstoppingoneactivityforaperiodoftime，oryoucanexplorewaystohelpthemmanagetheirtimeandlessentheiranxiety.Anothersourceofstressisworldnews.KidswhoseescaryimagesonTVorhearsomeonetalkofnaturaldisastersorwaysmayworryabouttheirownsafetyandthepeopletheylove.TalktothemaboutwhattheyseeandhearonTVtohelpthemunderstandwhatsgoingon.Whatsmore，beawareofsomenegativefactors，suchasanillness，ordeathofalovedone.Whentheseareaddedtotheeverydaypressurekidsface，thestressmayappear.Separatedordivorcedparentsshouldneverputkidsinapositionofhavingtochoosewhotheywouldliketolivewith.25Whoisthemoststressedaccordingtothetext?AAkidnotgettingmanygiftsonherbirthday.BAkidnotgettingusedtotheschoollife.CAkidlivingwithhisstrictparents.DAkidfailinginmakingnewfriends.26WhatsParagraph4mainlyabout?AWaystohelpkidsrelievestress.BActivitiestostaywithkids.CCoursestohelpkidsrelax.DReasonsforkidsfeelingstressed.27Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?AWorldnewsmaymakekidsworryabouttheircountriessafety.BKidswhobehavewellintheschoolhaventstress.CStressisnotverycommonandseriousamongchildren.DNegativethingsanddailypressurecancausestress.28Whatsthebesttitleforthetext?ASourcesofStressBEffectsofStressCChildrensStressDStudentsStress.完形填空ThelastthingKimPowellWoodswantedforherbirthdaywasanewspaperstory.ButherdayonWednesdaywasjusttoo29toignore.Insteadofatraditionalcelebrationwithgiftsandabirthday30，thewomanwantedsmiles.Forher35thbirthday，shewoulddo35actsofrandomkindnessfor31.Shethoughtofitforacoupleweeksandsatdownoneafternoonandstartedmakingalistofthingsshecould32.Herjobasa911operatorputherin33withpeoplewhowerehavingverybaddays.Shewanteda34whenshemighthelppeoplehavea35day.And，asasinglemotheroftwo，she36alotaboutwhatitwasliketobewithallkindsofproblems.So，she37togivepeoplealittlehelp.Shestartedat5am.Atagasstation，she38awoman，whowastryingtosellsomehouseholdthings.Sheneeded39tobuygastogettoworkinMomence.Kimpaidforthatgas.Itwouldbepartofthenearly$200shewould40Wednesday.Kimmadesomesandwichesthenightbeforeandpacked41forothersurprisedstrangers.Shegavethem42atthebusstopatnoon.Sherememberedwhatitwasliketoridethebusandhaveno43forlunch.Sheboughtsomebustokensforotherfolks.Otherreceivers44awaywithlotterytickets.She45droppedoffgiftsattheGiftofGodhomelessshelter.Herdaughtertoldheraboutastudentwho46aliftatherschool，soshetookmealsfromMcDonaldsoutthere.Theonlydifficultyshemetwasanattendantwho47tomakechangeforher.48Kimmayhavebroughtsmilesto35faces，atleastonewomanwantednoneofKimsbrandofgoodwill.“Illprobablydothisagain，butIllwaitforabigone，likemy40thbirthday，”shesaid.Andshemightgetherlaundromatchangeatabank.29A.strangeBfrighteningCunusualDsurprising30A.giftBcakeCmealDbag31A.relativesBstrangersCfriendsDworkers32A.offerBbuyCsellDdo33A.touchBconflictCquestionDconcern34A.yearBweekCdayDtime35A.badBsimilarCgoodDsame36A.learnedBforgotCknewDgot37A.askedBsuggestedCallowedDwanted38A.helpedBinvitedCvisitedDleft39A.trafficBmoneyCpeopleDpaper40A.costBtakeCbringDspend41A.lunchesBdinnersCcashDbreakfasts42A.inBupCoffDaway43A.changeBintensionCplanDwish44A.turnedBwalkedCdashedDlaughed45A.alsoBevenCsoDhowever46A.missedBlostCsearchedDneeded47A.triedBfailedCrefusedDsucceeded48A.WhenBWhileCAsDIf答案解析.1.who2.what3.That4.that5.what6.that7.what8.how9.where10.that.11.MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetoIlive.12Yoursupportisveryimportanttoourwork，youcandohelps.13Onthefarmyoucancombineyouhavelearnedwithpracticetothefullest.14Afterarrivingatschool，Idiscussedwithsomeclassmateswecoulddo.15.interestsmemostisEnglishandIalwaysgetgoodgradesintheexams.16Itseemsthatiftheresultisbad，peopleworkforwillbemeaningless.17Butheoncesaid，“Ihavefailedoverandoveragaininmylife.AndthatsIsucceed.”18Wearethinkingaboutcanbeadmittedintohisclub.Thenumberofmembersislimited.19Itisannouncedthattheawardwillgiventohasmadethelargestdonationtothecharity.20IknowyouareinterestedinChinesefestivals，soIchooseanalbumofpapercuttingforyou.21A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“an entirely soft robotone that draws inspiration from an octopus(章魚)”可知，它的特點(diǎn)是柔軟。故選A。22D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Robots built for precise，repetitive movements in a controlled environment dont do so well on rough terrains(地形) or in unpredictable conditions.”可知，傳統(tǒng)機(jī)器人的缺點(diǎn)是它們不能一直表現(xiàn)得很好。故選D。23D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“its still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts，such as a source of power”可知，最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一是建造章魚機(jī)器人的柔性電源，故選D。24B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage，it holds great promise for several applications”可知，它還沒(méi)有大規(guī)模地投入使用。故選B。語(yǔ)篇解讀本文主要講不僅僅大人有壓力，孩子也會(huì)有壓力。文章就孩子的壓力來(lái)自哪里進(jìn)行了闡述。25B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“As kids get older，academic and social pressures also create stress，especially those who want to fit in their school are probably to get more stress.”可知，隨著孩子年齡的增長(zhǎng)，學(xué)業(yè)和社會(huì)壓力也會(huì)給孩子帶來(lái)壓力，尤其是那些想要適應(yīng)學(xué)校生活的孩子可能會(huì)承受更多的壓力。故選B。26A段落大意題。第四段說(shuō)的是：當(dāng)孩子抱怨活動(dòng)或者不想?yún)⒓舆@些活動(dòng)的時(shí)候，很有可能是壓力太大了，這時(shí)候家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該想辦法來(lái)幫助孩子管理時(shí)間，減輕壓力。由此可知，第四段主要講如何幫助孩子緩解壓力。故選A。27D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“Whats more，be aware of some negative factors，such as an illness，or death of a loved one.When these are added to the everyday pressure kids face，the stress may appear.”可知，消極因素會(huì)給孩子帶來(lái)壓力。故選D。28C標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀文章可知，第一段引入話題；第二段的“Plenty! Even very young children have worries and feel stressful to some degree.”明確主題，下文進(jìn)行了具體論述，整篇文章講的是孩子的壓力，故選C。.29C根據(jù)后面的過(guò)生日不想要禮物和蛋糕而只要微笑可知，這個(gè)生日是過(guò)得很與眾不同的。unusual“不平常的”符合題意。30B生日的典型特征是收到禮物和吃生日蛋糕，因?yàn)榍懊嬗辛硕Y物，所以此處應(yīng)指蛋糕。31B因?yàn)橄挛闹兄魅斯珟椭亩际遣徽J(rèn)識(shí)的人，所以此處strangers“陌生人”符合題意。relative親戚；friend朋友；worker工人。32D句意為：Kim坐下來(lái)列出了她可以做的事情的單子。根據(jù)上一句中的“she would do 35 acts of random kindness for ”可知，此處應(yīng)表示她能做的事。do“做”符合題意。offer提供；buy買；sell賣。33A作為911接線員，Kim與很多遇到問(wèn)題的人產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系。put.in touch with使與有聯(lián)系，符合題意。conflict矛盾，沖突；question問(wèn)題；concern擔(dān)心，關(guān)心。34C根據(jù)第一段第二句“But her day on Wednesday was just too to ignore.”可知，此處表示這一天她想做些什么。35C因?yàn)榍拔奶岬搅薑im想看到人們的笑臉，可見她希望別人能夠有快樂(lè)的一天。36C此處指的是作為有兩個(gè)孩子的單身母親，她知道很多處理問(wèn)題的方法。know“知道，了解”符合題意。37D根據(jù)上文的“She wanted a when she might help people have a day.”可知，此處應(yīng)表示她想要給別人一些幫助。want to do sth.想要做某事。38A下文提到Kim幫助一位女士買汽油，所以此處help“幫助”符合題意。39B根據(jù)后面的動(dòng)詞“buy”可知，這里用money“錢”。40D在生日這一天，Kim為了幫助人們自己花費(fèi)了一些錢財(cái)。spend“花費(fèi)”符合題意。41A根據(jù)下一句“She gave them at the bus stop at noon.”可知，此處指Kim在頭一晚打包了一些午餐。42D此處指Kim在公共汽車站贈(zèng)送三明治。give away贈(zèng)送。give in屈服；give up放棄；give off發(fā)出(熱、光等)。43C準(zhǔn)備好的午餐是送給沒(méi)有計(jì)劃好的人。plan“計(jì)劃”符合題意。44B在接受了饋贈(zèng)以后，人們自然會(huì)走開。walk away“走開”符合題意。turn away避開；dash away跑開；laugh away付之一笑。45A后面提到的事情也是Kim在生日那天做的。also“也”符合題意。46D此處指她的女兒告訴她有個(gè)學(xué)生需要搭便車。need“需要”符合題意。47C根據(jù)后面的“at least one woman wanted none of Kims brand of goodwill”可知，這位女士拒絕Kim的好意。refuse“拒絕”符合題意。48B此處指盡管Kim給很多人帶來(lái)了快樂(lè)，但有一位女士拒絕了她的幫助。前后為讓步關(guān)系，因此while“雖然，盡管”符合題意。