人教版英語精品資料（精修版）第三冊第四單元第三課時詞匯導(dǎo)學(xué)案BOOK3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsLanguage acquaintance（2）Learning Goals:1. Learn some useful words and expressions2. Understand the text better3. Consolidation of the language points.Previewing(預(yù)習(xí))Task1:補全下面的短語1. _ time 及時；終于 2. _ eggs 下蛋 3. give birth _ 產(chǎn)生；分娩 4. _ ones turn 輪到某人；接著5. prevent.from _ 阻止；制止 6. block _ 擋住（光線）7. cheer _ 感到高興 8. _ that 既然9. break _ 突發(fā)；爆發(fā) 10. watch _ 密切注視；當(dāng)心11. cool _ 冷卻 12. as _ as 也；還有13. depend _ 依靠；依賴 14. get close _ 靠近Task2:用括號中所給提示翻譯下列句子。(1)移動電話使得我們不論在何處都能與他人交談。(make it possible for sb. to do sth.) 譯： (2)請你告訴我怎樣防止這種事情發(fā)生好嗎？(prevent . from . )譯： (3)更重要的是，我是個樂觀的人。（what is more important is）譯： (4)既然你長大了，就不應(yīng)該依靠你的父母。(now that)譯： Step 1: Lead-inPlay a game to check what we have learnt yesterday.Research in class(課堂探究)Step2:Thinking1. They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140million years.exist vi.存在 生存 existing adj. 現(xiàn)存的 existence n. 存在 生存 exist in 存在之中 exist on 靠為生exist by 靠生存 come into existence 開始存在，成立 bring into existence 使發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 (1) It was impossible for them to such a small income. (2) Some spelling mistakes your article(3) The wild man hunting wild animal in the forest.There exists/existed 某地有There exist two huge stone lions at our company gate.翻譯： 。2. because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.give birth to 產(chǎn)生；分娩她生了一個健康漂亮的女孩. She gave birth to a fine healthy girl.有關(guān) birth的短語:by birth He is French by birth.a second birth= rebirth God gave him a second birthat birth be of noble/ good birth 介詞填空It was reported that a woman gave birth five babies at a time.She was French birth but lived most of her time in England.The baby was only 2,000 grams birth.即學(xué)即練：1He gave _ to a strange idea in his mind that he would give up schooling and went in for business.A. hand B. birth C. thought D. on birth 2. She is good at singing and dancing , so she is a good actress _.A. at birth B. by birth C. to birth D. on birth 3. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet1) Thus adv. 因此；從而She studied hard, _.He forgot to turn on the radio and _. 2) In ones turn 輪到某人It will be _ to be on duty tomorrow.有關(guān)turn 的短語in turn _ by turns _ take turns _ in return _Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事。The children called out their names in turn.譯： 。 We take turns to sweep our classroom = We sweep our classroom _即學(xué)即練：（1）People attempt to avoid public transportation delay by using their own cars, and this _creates further problems. A. in short B. in case C. in doubt D. in turn（2）If we had driven all the way, you wouldnt have been so much tired.A. in return B in turns C. by turns D. in our turn.（3）If we smile at life, life will smile on us .A. by turns B. in turn C. in return D. in our turn4. which prevents heat from escaping fromprevent sth./ sb. (from) sth./doing sth. 阻止某人某物做某事同義詞組：stop (from)keepfrom（此處from不能省）Protect sb. from 保護某人不受侵襲，擋住，防御我們被阻止在課室吃早餐譯： 即學(xué)即用：The snowstorm prevent the work from _ on time.A. finishing B. finished C. being finished D. to finish 5.millions of years to come will depend on depend on sb. 依靠,相信某人 depend on sth. 取決與某物我們都靠你來做決定了Well all _to make a decision.明天是否能開校運會取決與天氣Whether to hold the sports meeting or not will _.Step2：DiscussingStep3：PresentingStep4：EvaluatingStep5：Testing單項選擇 1. Could I have another cup of coffee, Daddy? _ It will be hard for you to go to sleep tonight if you do.A. Better not. B. Why not? C. What for? D. As you wish. 2. Zhang Heng, one of _ best-known Chinese astronomers, showed a strong interest in _ astronomy as a child. A. the; the B. the; 不填C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填3. Without gravity, we _ walk on the ground as freely as we do now. A. couldnt B. mustnt C. shant D. neednt 4. Simon was _ why many of his friends didnt turn up at his birthday party. A. limited B. crashed C. spotted D. puzzled 5. Though I was tired out that evening, I _ from falling asleep by the great pain in my knee. A. was prevented B. had preventedC. has prevented D. am prevented6. See the model ship _ in the pool? Thats what my father made for me last weekend. A. float B. floating C. floated D. to float 7. Jack was in low spirits those days and his friends did all they could _ him up. A. cheer B. cheering C. cheered D. to cheer 8. There is a peaceful and calm _ in the country, quite different from that of a big city. A. climateB. atmosphere C. system D. situation 9. It was almost midnight when a fire _ in the neighborhood.A. blocked out B. turned out C. broke out D. died out10. _ life exists on any other planet in the solar system still remains a question. A. WhyB. Whether C. How D. Where 11. Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. _, it would be almost impossible to prove Jim guilty.A. Anyhow B. However C. Besides D. Thus 12. _ you have worked out the first problem, you may go on to work on the second. A. Even if B. Unless C. Now that D. Though 13. May I have a look at your necklace?Sure. But be _ with it its made of glass and breaks easily. A. violent B. fundamental C. gentle D. genuine14. In my view, choosing the right bike _ what you want to use it for.A. depends on B. does withC. belongs to D. accounts for 15. Water, _ we cannot live, exists in the form of liquid, gas or solid. A. from which B. on which C. by which D. without which Grammar：主語從句 考點一 英語中的主語從句(the subject clause)在句中作主語，有以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)： 1)主語從句位于句首。如： What he wanted to see was an end tO all the wars of the world 他想要看到的是世界上所有戰(zhàn)爭的結(jié)束。 2)主語從句位于句尾，使用先行詞it作形式主語。如： It was right that the temple was rebuilt 廟被改建了，這很好。 在下列情況下，一般使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句放在后面： 謂語部分含有seem，appear，be(im)possible，be a pity，be a wonder，be likely等。如： It appeared to scientists on the earth that the stars had moved 在地球上的科學(xué)家看來，這些星球已經(jīng)移動了。 Its a wonder that you recognized me 你能認出我來，真是奇怪。 在It is known；It is said；It is hoped；It is believed等慣用的被動結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：It is believed that before writing was developed，people in China used to keep records by putting a number of stones together 人們認為在文字發(fā)明之前，中國人靠把許多石頭聚集在一起來作記錄。 需要注意的是：當(dāng)主語從句放在句尾而用形式主語時，形式主語只能用it，而不能使用this，that等代詞。主語從句的連接詞可以分為以下三類：1)that。whether(if)連接詞that本身沒有意義，不作句子成分，只表示從旬的開始，位于句首時，that不能省略；whether(if)含有“是否”的意思，whether可以加上“or not”，其語意不變。whether和if也有不同的用法，如果主語從句位于句首則必須用連接詞whether，不用if。如：Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather明天我們是否去野營取決于天氣情況。2)what，who，which，whose，when，where，why，how這一類連接詞，除了可以引導(dǎo)主語從句之外，在從句中 又分別起代詞、副詞或形容詞的作用，在從句中分別作主語、賓語、表語、狀語和定語等。what，wh0，which，whose等又稱為連接代詞；when，where，why，how等又稱為連接副詞。試比較：Who will do it doesnt matter(連接代詞who在從句中作主語)誰要做這件事沒關(guān)系。What we need is more water(連接代詞what在從句中作need的賓語)我們所需要的是更多的水。Which of the two is better remains to be seen(連接代詞which在從句中作主語)這兩者中哪個更好尚待分曉。When we will start the work is important(連接副詞when在從句中作時間狀語)我們什么時候開始工作很重要。Where the library is to be built has not been decided yet(連接副詞where在從句中作地點狀語)圖書館要建在哪里還未決定。Why she was late for school is quite clear now(連接副詞why在從句中作原因狀語)她上學(xué)遲到的原因現(xiàn)在看來很清楚。Which plan is better will be announced later(which在從句中作名詞plan的定語)哪個計劃更好稍后會宣布。3)whatever，whoever，whomever，whicheverwhatever等連接詞與what等連接代詞的用法一樣，只是具有較強的語意，有“凡是，不管，無論”等意思。如：Whatever he said wasnt true他說的任何事情都不是真的。Whoever guesses what I have in my hand may have it不管誰猜對了我手里拿的是什么，這東西就給他(她)。Whichever book you choose is yours無論你選中哪本書都歸你。Practising1._ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for3.When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not knownC. has not known D. have not known4. _ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes lateD. Being a few minutes late5. _ Tom liked to eat was different from _.A. Thatthat you had expectedB. What that you had expectedC. Thatwhat you had expectedD. Whatwhat you had expected6._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. If.do B. That.do C. If.does D. That.does7. Its uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing.A. if B. that C. whether D. how8._ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which9._ we can't get seems better than _ we have.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what10._ you don't like him is none of my business.A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether11._ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where12._is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A. That B. Why C. How D. Who13._we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That14._he won't go there is clear to all of us.A. How B. What C. Why D. This15._the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. What16. ._you come or not is up to you.A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether17._team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A. Which B. That C. If D. How18._leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who