第11課 八年級(jí)上冊(cè)UNITS 78重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語(yǔ) 1. cut up 觀察思考 Cut up the bananas. 把香蕉切碎。 歸納拓展 cut up 屬于“動(dòng)詞副詞” 短語(yǔ)，意為“切碎”，相當(dāng)于cut into pieces。 類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)有：use up 用完，clean up清理干凈，pick up撿起來(lái)，give up放棄等。 注：若代詞作賓語(yǔ)必須放在兩詞之間。 即學(xué)即用1： ( )Here are some pears. Please cut _. A. up them B. up it C. it up D. them upD 2. two slices of bread 觀察思考 We need one cup of yogurt and three kilos of apples. 我們需要一杯酸奶和三公斤蘋(píng)果。 歸納拓展 不可數(shù)名詞量的表示：數(shù)單位名詞of不可數(shù)名詞。 注：表示量的單位名詞為可數(shù)名詞。 即學(xué)即用2： (1) 一袋牛奶 兩勺蜂蜜 一則新聞 兩箱桔子 ( )(2)Can I help you? Id like _ for my sons. A. two pair of glasses B. two pairs of glasses C. two pair glasses D. two pairs of glassBa bag of milktwo teaspoons of honeya piece of newstwo boxes of oranges重點(diǎn)句型1. Turn on the blunder. 典例體驗(yàn) Its really dark, please turn on the light. 天黑了，請(qǐng)開(kāi)一下燈。 歸納拓展 turn on是“動(dòng)詞副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“打開(kāi)”，多指打開(kāi)電器等。若后接代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則必須放在兩者之間。 含有turn的短語(yǔ)有：turn up/down(音量，量度)調(diào)高/低；turn off(電器)關(guān)；turn round轉(zhuǎn)身；turn over翻身；turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向(某人/某處)；turn顏色 變成顏色；take turns 輪流。 即學(xué)即用3： ( )Dont do any other things while you are doing your homework. So please _ your MP3. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on D. turn offD 2. I think that sounds fun. 典例體驗(yàn) Lets go to see the panda in the zoo. 讓我們?nèi)?dòng)物園看熊貓。 That sounds interesting. 聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。 This kind of paper feels soft. 這種紙摸起來(lái)很軟。 It sounds like the city I want to live in. 這聽(tīng)起來(lái)就像我想要居住的城市。歸納拓展sound 系動(dòng)詞，意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”，后接形容詞。sound like意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)像”，后接名詞。類(lèi)似用法的詞有： look(看起來(lái)); taste(嘗起來(lái)); smell(聞起來(lái));feel(摸起來(lái)；感覺(jué)); seem(似乎); get(變)與turn(變)等。 即學(xué)即用4： ( )(1)The food here smells good, but what does it _ like？ (2011安徽) A. taste B. touch C. seem D. feel ( )(2)Who is singing? It _ beautiful. A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. feelsAC ( )(3)Bill looks _，maybe he passed the exam. A. happily B. sad C. happy D. happiness ( )(4)It is so smooth and soft, _ like silk. A. sounds B. looks C. feels D. getsCC3. How was your school trip? 典例體驗(yàn) Were there any seals in the zoo last year? 動(dòng)物園去年有海豹嗎？ Did you see my watch just now? 你剛才看見(jiàn)我的手表了嗎？歸納拓展這些句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)指在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。該時(shí)態(tài)在句中的體現(xiàn)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式為was和were兩種，其否定形式為wasnt和werent。當(dāng)句中動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要借助did構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句，但注意動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式要還原成動(dòng)詞原形。trip指短期的旅途，travel是最常用的，journey指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途。 即學(xué)即用5： ( )(1)Have you ever been to Canada？ Yes, I _ there last year with my parents. (2011金華) A. have been B. have gone C. went D. go ( )(2)Ive got a ticket for the basketball game tonight. Cool! How _ your _ it？(2011臺(tái)州) A. had; got B. did; get C. were; getting D. will; getCB ( )(3)When _ Jenny _ a math test? Last Monday. A. does; have B. did; had C. has; have D. did; have ( )(4)There _ lots of popcorn in the kitchen last night. A. were B. had C. are D. wasDD4. Did you have fun camping? 典例體驗(yàn) We will have fun learning English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)將會(huì)很有趣。 She had trouble making complete sentences. 她在造完整句子方面有困難。 The little boy had some problem getting to the top of the mountain. 這小男孩到達(dá)山頂有點(diǎn)困難。 Its a good idea to have fun with English. 趣味性學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)是一個(gè)好主意。 I had a really hard time with science this semester. 這學(xué)期我在科學(xué)方面有困難。歸納拓展表示“做某事很高興”句式：have fun doinghave fun with sth.have a good/great time doing sth.have a good/great time with sth.表示“做某事有困難”：have a hard/difficult time doing sth.have a hard/difficult time with sth.have a problem(in) doing sth.have a problem with sth.have trouble/difficulty(in) doing sth.have trouble/difficulty with sth.注：fun/trouble/difficulty 為不可數(shù)名詞，前不可用不定冠詞a，但可用修飾詞some, much, little, no, any等。 即學(xué)即用6： ( )(1)I have great _ in learning math and Im so worried. Could you help me? Sure. Id be glad to. (2011安徽) A. trouble B. interest C. joy D. fun ( )(2)If you join us, you will have fun _ how to swim. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. to learningAC ( )(3)There isnt any problem _ there on time. A. to get B. getting C. get D. to getting (4)在你出現(xiàn)前，我正找不到學(xué)校。 I was having a time the school until you come along.Bhardfinding易混辨異 1. how much, how many 觀察思考 How much relish do you want？ 你要多少作料？ How many students are there in your class？ 你們班有多少學(xué)生？ 歸納拓展 兩者都意為“多少”；how much后接不可數(shù)名詞；how much money多少錢(qián)，用于詢(xún)問(wèn)物品的價(jià)格時(shí)，通常省略money。 how many后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 即學(xué)即用7： ( )(1) _ are there on his farm? A. How much sheep B. How many sheep C. How much sheeps D. How many sheeps ( )(2) _ is the pork? Its thirty yuan a kilo. A. How much B. How many C. How much moneys D. How many moneyBA 2. else, other 觀察思考 What other animal do you like? 你還喜歡其他什么動(dòng)物？ What else do you want? 你還想要什么？ 歸納拓展 兩者都意為“別的，其他的”。 other 形容詞， 用于名詞前。 else 副詞、形容詞，常修飾不定代詞或疑問(wèn)代詞，并置于其后。 即學(xué)即用8： ( )There isnt _ in the box. A. other anything B. anything other C. else anything D. anything else D 3. none, nobody/no one, nothing 觀察思考 None of us wants/want to go hiking. 我們都不想去爬山。 There is nobody/no one in the room. 房間里沒(méi)人。 They tried to find some food in the bag, but they found none. 他們?cè)囍诎镎倚┦澄?，但找不到食物?They open the bag, but there is nothing in it. 他們打開(kāi)包，但里面沒(méi)有任何東西。歸納拓展none 指三者或三者以上的“沒(méi)有，都不”，既可指人也可指物，常與of連用。既修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。接可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)均可；與不可數(shù)名詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù)形式。回答how many/how much的問(wèn)句用none，意為“沒(méi)有一個(gè)”。nobody相當(dāng)于no one，意為“沒(méi)人”，只可指人，不能與of連用；作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?；卮饂ho的問(wèn)句用nobody/no one。nothingnot.anything，意為“沒(méi)有東西”，只指物，不能與of連用；作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?；卮饂hat的問(wèn)句用nothing。 即學(xué)即用9： ( )(1)Im hungry. Is there any bread in the fridge? _but we have cakes. Would you like to have one？ (2011安徽) A. Some B. Much C. None D. Nothing ( )(2)I knocked on the door, but _ answered. A. none B. no one C. someone D. anyoneCB ( )(3) _ of the food tastes delicious in the shop. Lets try another shop. OK. A. None B. Some C. No one D. Most ( )(4)What else do you want? _. I think I have got everything ready. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. EverythingAA 4. at the end of, in the end, by the end 觀察思考 At the end of this term we will have a big exam. 本期期末結(jié)束時(shí)我們將有一次大的考試。 They succeeded in the end. 他們最后成功了。 Our school will be a modern one by the end of 2015. 到2015年我們學(xué)校將會(huì)成為一所現(xiàn)代化的學(xué)校。歸納拓展at the end of“在末端”，“在.結(jié)束時(shí)”。既表示時(shí)間又表示位置。In the end“最終，最后”，相當(dāng)于 “at last ”或 “finally ”。by the end“到末，到為止”，主要表示時(shí)間。既可以表示將來(lái)也可以表示過(guò)去。 即學(xué)即用10： ( )(1)You will see the post office _ the road. A. in the end B. at the end of C. by the end of D. in the end of ( )(2)We had planted 10,000 trees _last year. A. in the end B. at the end of C. by the end of D. in the end of ( )(3) _， they reached a place of safety. A. On the end B. At the end C. By the end D. In the endBCD對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練. 單詞拼寫(xiě) 1. Im sure we can have a good time (打) volleyball on the beach. 2. We need two (片) of bread to make a sandwich. 3. Please help me to (切) up the onion. 4. Well have an English test at the (末尾) of May. 5. Someone (其他的) is talking loudly outside.playingslicescutendelse . 單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. For breakfast, I usually have _ and two pieces of bread.(2011杭州) A. a cup of milk half B. half a cup of milk C. a half milk cup D. half a milk cup 解析：考查不可數(shù)名詞量的表達(dá)。半杯牛奶的正確表達(dá) 為half a cup of milk。B ( )2. The last time I _ to the cinema was two years ago. (2011杭州) A. go B. have gone C. have been D. went 解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。two years ago兩年前，可知?jiǎng)釉~用 過(guò)去式。故選D。D ( )3. How was your trip to Hangzhou, Jim? Great! We _ to Xixi National Wetland Park. (2011湖州) A. go B. am going C. will go D. went 解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文關(guān)鍵詞was判斷此處用動(dòng)詞 過(guò)去式。故選D。D ( )4. Please remember the following things when you are in the museum. _，dont touch the things. Second, dont make much noise. (2011麗水) A. First of all B. By the way C. In fact D. So far 解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。由下文Second可推斷此處應(yīng)用 First of all首先。A ( )5. Guess what! The great movie is on in the cinema. Nothing new. I _ it with my parents on the first day.(2011麗水) A. saw B. see C. will see D. have seen 解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前文“Nothing new沒(méi)什么新的”， 推斷“我與我父母在第一天就看了”。故過(guò)去式saw符合題意。A ( )6. I can hardly hear what it is saying on TV. Would you please_.(2011濱州) A. turn it up B. turn it down C. turn it on D. tura it off 解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。上文“hardly hear 幾乎聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)” 判斷“(把音量)開(kāi)大”。故選A。A ( )7. I tried on several pairs of shoes, but _ of them fits me. A. all B. both C. neither D. none 解析：考查不定代詞。句意：我試了幾雙鞋子，但沒(méi)有一雙 適合我。neither(兩者)都不，故“none(三者或三者以上)都 不”符合題意。D ( )8. Its very hot outside. Why _ you stay at home? A. not B. not to C. dont D. wont 解析：考查固定句式。why dont you.？為什么你不。 故選C。C ( )9. I phoned you at six last night, but _ answered. I _ a walk in the park at that time. A. no one; was having B. anyone; was having C. nobody; had D. somebody; had 解析：考查不定代詞與動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。上文句意：昨晚6點(diǎn)我打 電話給你，但沒(méi)人接。故B、D不選。“at that time在那時(shí)” 是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志。故選A。A ( )10. Is this your shirt? No, its not _. It may be _. A. yours; someone else B. mine; someone elses C. mine; someones else D. yours; someones else 解析：考查代詞。問(wèn)句中your shirt的對(duì)應(yīng)回答是mine。 其他人的表達(dá)應(yīng)為someone elses。故選B。B ( )11. Do you like You and Me? Yes, it _ very sweet. It is really a nice song. A. tastes B. sounds C. looks D. smells 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由下文可知這是一首歌。故 “sound 聽(tīng)起來(lái)”符合題意。B ( )12. _ people visit the 2010 Shanghai World Expo every day? About 300,000. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often 解析：考查疑問(wèn)副詞。答句是數(shù)字，可知問(wèn)句為詢(xún)問(wèn)“多少”， people為復(fù)數(shù)。how many 后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 故選A。 A ( )13. The little girl _ her cup a moment ago, but luckily it wasnt broken. A. dropped B. is dropping C. had dropped D. was dropping 解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。a moment ago剛才，故動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 dropped符合題意。A ( )14. Which Tshirt do you prefer? The red one. It _ more comfortable. A. tastes B. smells C. feels D. sounds 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。it指代Tshirt。故 “feel感覺(jué)摸起來(lái)” 符合題意。C ( )15. How many students like this song? _ of us likes it. It sounds terrible. A. None B. Nobody C. Every one D. All 解析：考查不定代詞。下文：它聽(tīng)起來(lái)很糟。判斷沒(méi)人 喜歡它?；卮餳ow many.？用none。A寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練 感悟提高 今天是星期日(6月5日)，天氣晴朗，你和班上的同學(xué)到三垟濕地(Sanyang Wetland)去玩得很快樂(lè)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示寫(xiě)一篇日記。 一、 要點(diǎn)提示 1. 時(shí)間是早上8點(diǎn)； 2. 學(xué)校門(mén)口集合，人到齊后就出發(fā)； 3. 騎自行車(chē)到達(dá)目的需大約30分鐘； 4. 有拍照，游戲，野餐等活動(dòng)； 5. 大家都度過(guò)了一個(gè)快樂(lè)的周末。 二、 要求 1. 詞數(shù)為80左右； 2. 所有要點(diǎn)提示必須用完，不得逐字翻譯； 3. 字跡工整，卷面整潔； 4. 不得用真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。 June 5, Sunday Sunny Last weekend, my classmates and I went to Sanyang Wetland. It was so interesting. 思路點(diǎn)撥 這是篇以敘事為主的日記。日記的格式與開(kāi)關(guān)已給出，接著只須依據(jù)提示敘述所發(fā)生的事或所做的開(kāi)心的事即可。由于敘述的是已發(fā)生的事，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 參考短語(yǔ)及句式 get together, have a rest, take photos, play games, feel hungry, have a picnic When everyone., we. It takes sb. some time to do.參考答案 June 5, Sunday Sunny Last weekend, my classmates and I went to Sanyang Wetland. It was so interesting. At 8：00 on Sunday morning, we got together at the school gate. When everyone arrived, we started. We liked riding, so we went there by bike. It took us 30 minutes to get there. We found a beautiful place to have a rest. And then we took many photos and played games together. When we felt a little hungry, we took out our food to have a picnic. Everyone ate a lot. We all had a happy weekend.完成考點(diǎn)跟蹤訓(xùn)練 11