根據(jù)所掌握的定語從句的知識，熟練地使用定語從句根據(jù)所掌握的定語從句的知識，熟練地使用定語從句也是高考英語寫作的一項基本要求。定語從句屬于較為復(fù)也是高考英語寫作的一項基本要求。定語從句屬于較為復(fù)雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點在短文中適當(dāng)?shù)剡\用定語從雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點在短文中適當(dāng)?shù)剡\用定語從句有助于提高寫作的得分。句有助于提高寫作的得分。一、一、that, which引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句當(dāng)先行詞為物時常用當(dāng)先行詞為物時常用that或或which來引導(dǎo)定語從句，很來引導(dǎo)定語從句，很多情況下兩者可以互換。多情況下兩者可以互換。Our class is a big family that/which consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. 我們班是一個擁有我們班是一個擁有12個女生和個女生和50個男生的大家庭。個男生的大家庭。點津點津that和和which在從句中作賓語時可以省略。在從句中作賓語時可以省略。To make our society more harmonious, wed better take care of the environment (that/which) we live in. 為了使我們的社會更加和諧，我們最好愛護我們所居住的為了使我們的社會更加和諧，我們最好愛護我們所居住的環(huán)境。環(huán)境。二、二、who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句當(dāng)先行詞為人時常用當(dāng)先行詞為人時常用who, whom引導(dǎo)，也可用引導(dǎo)，也可用that。如果。如果從句中缺少的是主語那么就用從句中缺少的是主語那么就用who引導(dǎo)；如果缺少的是賓引導(dǎo)；如果缺少的是賓語可用語可用whom，也可以用，也可以用who引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞也可以省略。引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞也可以省略。whose在從句中作定語，既可以指人，也可以指物。在從句中作定語，既可以指人，也可以指物。Those who would like to take part may sign up in the Students Union Office before October 20th. (作主語作主語)凡想?yún)⒓拥姆蚕雲(yún)⒓拥?同學(xué)同學(xué))可以在十月二十日前到學(xué)生會辦公室可以在十月二十日前到學(xué)生會辦公室報名。報名。Is that the man whom you referred to? (作賓語作賓語)那就是你所指的人嗎？那就是你所指的人嗎？Last Sunday, I organized a survey in my neighborhood, whose topic is “Which safety problem is the one you are most concerned about”. (作定語作定語)上周日，我在我的社區(qū)進行了一次社會調(diào)查，其主題內(nèi)容上周日，我在我的社區(qū)進行了一次社會調(diào)查，其主題內(nèi)容是是“你最關(guān)注的安全問題是什么你最關(guān)注的安全問題是什么”。三、三、as引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句as指人或物，作主語、賓語或表語。指人或物，作主語、賓語或表語。as引導(dǎo)定語從句時引導(dǎo)定語從句時常用在常用在the same .as, such .as結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。I want to buy the same Tshirt as Tom is wearing.我想買一件和湯姆穿的一樣的我想買一件和湯姆穿的一樣的T恤衫。恤衫。點津點津as和和which還可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，來修飾還可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，來修飾整個句子。整個句子。As we can see, great changes have taken place in our hometown. 正如我們所看到的，我們家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。正如我們所看到的，我們家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。Li Ming got up late this morning, which made it impossible for him to catch the early bus.李明今天早上起晚了，這使他不可能趕上早班車了。李明今天早上起晚了，這使他不可能趕上早班車了。四、四、when引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句when指時間，作狀語。指時間，作狀語。I will never forget the day when I joined the army. 我將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我參軍的那一天。我將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我參軍的那一天。點津點津當(dāng)表示時間的先行詞在從句中不是作狀語，而是作當(dāng)表示時間的先行詞在從句中不是作狀語，而是作主語、賓語或表語時，必須用關(guān)系代詞主語、賓語或表語時，必須用關(guān)系代詞that或或which引導(dǎo)定引導(dǎo)定語從句，而不用語從句，而不用when。The film reminded me of those miserable days (that/which) I spent in my childhood.這部電影使我想起了我童年時代度過的那些苦難日子。這部電影使我想起了我童年時代度過的那些苦難日子。五、五、where引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句where指地點，作狀語。指地點，作狀語。As a child, he used to work hard and help his father on the small farm where they lived.當(dāng)他還是一個小孩的時候，他經(jīng)常艱苦地勞動，并幫助當(dāng)他還是一個小孩的時候，他經(jīng)常艱苦地勞動，并幫助他的父親在他們所生活的小農(nóng)場上干活。他的父親在他們所生活的小農(nóng)場上干活。點津點津當(dāng)表示地點的先行詞在從句中不是作狀語，而是作當(dāng)表示地點的先行詞在從句中不是作狀語，而是作主語、賓語或表語時，必須用關(guān)系代詞主語、賓語或表語時，必須用關(guān)系代詞that或或which引導(dǎo)定引導(dǎo)定語從句，而不用語從句，而不用where。This is a beautiful place (that/which) people all over the world look forward to visiting. 這是一個世界各地的人都渴望參觀的美麗的地方。這是一個世界各地的人都渴望參觀的美麗的地方。六、六、why引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句why指原因，作狀語。指原因，作狀語。Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。The reason why Tom didnt come to school yesterday was that he was ill. 湯姆昨天沒來學(xué)校的原因是他生病了。湯姆昨天沒來學(xué)校的原因是他生病了。.合并句子合并句子 把下面各題中的句子合并為一個含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句把下面各題中的句子合并為一個含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句 1a. Seeing these changes, we cannot forget them. b. They gave us unselfish help when we were in trouble. _答案：答案：Seeing these changes, we cannot forget those who gave us unselfish help when we were in trouble.2a. I feel greatly honored to host the contest. b. The contest is sponsored by the Students Union. _答案：答案：I feel greatly honored to host the contest, which is sponsored by the Students Union.3a. They sent the elderly some fruits, cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them.b. The elderly always feel lonely. _答案：答案：They sent the elderly who always feel lonely some fruits, cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them.4a. The library is not far from here. b. The writer often does some reading there._答案：答案：The library where the writer often does some reading is not far from here. 5a. Ive always longed for the days. b. I will be able to be independent then._答案：答案：Ive always longed for the days when I will be able to be independent. .翻譯句子翻譯句子 用定語從句翻譯下列句子用定語從句翻譯下列句子 1不努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生不會通過考試。不努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生不會通過考試。_答案：答案：The students who dont study hard will not pass the exam. 2她上周買的房子非常好看。她上周買的房子非常好看。_答案：答案：The house, which she bought last week, is very nice.3這就是他爸爸工作的地方。這就是他爸爸工作的地方。_答案：答案：This is the place where his father works.4你們已經(jīng)取得了很大的進步，這使老師非常高興。你們已經(jīng)取得了很大的進步，這使老師非常高興。_答案：答案：You have made great progress, which makes your teacher very happy. 5眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。_答案：答案：As is known to us all, smoking is harmful to our health. 6北京是中國的首都，它是一座美麗的城市。北京是中國的首都，它是一座美麗的城市。_答案：答案：Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city. 7魯迅的原名魯迅的原名(real name)是周樹人。他一生中寫了很是周樹人。他一生中寫了很多小說。多小說。_答案：答案：Lu Xun, whose real name is Zhou Shuren, wrote many novels in his whole life. 8杰克來自加拿大，他在我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了三年。他杰克來自加拿大，他在我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了三年。他不僅經(jīng)常幫助我們學(xué)英語，而且中文也講的很不錯。不僅經(jīng)常幫助我們學(xué)英語，而且中文也講的很不錯。_答案：答案：Jack comes from Canada. He is a student of our school where he has studied for three years. Not only does he often help us learn English but he speaks Chinese fluently as well.