第三篇第三篇寫作寫作第三章讀寫任務(wù)第三章讀寫任務(wù)第一節(jié)讀寫任務(wù)的摘要寫作第一節(jié)讀寫任務(wù)的摘要寫作專題三說明文的摘要寫作專題三說明文的摘要寫作說明文主要有描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功用、針對說明文主要有描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功用、針對某個問題提出解決方法或措施和介紹某現(xiàn)象及其某個問題提出解決方法或措施和介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因、結(jié)果三類。讀寫任務(wù)說明文的寫作，要了原因、結(jié)果三類。讀寫任務(wù)說明文的寫作，要了解說明的主旨以及說明的順序，要求學生按照合解說明的主旨以及說明的順序，要求學生按照合理的順序或按一定的寫作線索選用適當?shù)倪B接詞，理的順序或按一定的寫作線索選用適當?shù)倪B接詞，將句子連珠成串，使各句連成結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、層次分將句子連珠成串，使各句連成結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、層次分明、語義連貫的短文。明、語義連貫的短文。一、觀摩領(lǐng)悟一、觀摩領(lǐng)悟閱讀下面的短文，閱讀下面的短文， 然后以約然后以約30詞概括這篇短文詞概括這篇短文的主要內(nèi)容。的主要內(nèi)容。As the saying goes, you dont know what the happiness is until you lose it; you dont know what the health is until you are ill.“Health is of vital importance to life.” sounds like a cliche to everyone, but it is absolutely true.一、觀摩領(lǐng)悟一、觀摩領(lǐng)悟The negligence of the delicate balance of your body and soul, the harmful habits such as smoking, excessive drinking and burning midnight oil will catch up with you someday.How many big plans are interrupted by bad health! Even a normal life is unimaginable without the guarantee of health. How to keep fit is an eternal topic of diversity and controversy.Regardless of all the different suggestions poured from all kinds of source, one should do at least two things for himself/herself.First, hold an active and optimistic attitude towards life and maintain a mental wellbeing.Second, live a regular life and keep a balanced diet.Anyway, a healthy life is within reach when you begin to adjust your mind and body.【結(jié)構(gòu)分析與解讀結(jié)構(gòu)分析與解讀】閱讀材料反映的是健康這一現(xiàn)象閱讀材料反映的是健康這一現(xiàn)象，為說明文為說明文，其中第一、二段說明了健康的重要性。第三段提出其中第一、二段說明了健康的重要性。第三段提出保持健康的幾點建議。保持健康的幾點建議。參考范文參考范文This article points out the importance of health by introducing the saying and listing some factors that cause bad health.It also gives us some suggestions about how to keep fit.1說明文摘要寫作應注意的問題。說明文摘要寫作應注意的問題。出現(xiàn)在讀寫任務(wù)中的說明文閱讀材料多為揭示出現(xiàn)在讀寫任務(wù)中的說明文閱讀材料多為揭示某一社會現(xiàn)象的題材，因此，對這類文章進行概括某一社會現(xiàn)象的題材，因此，對這類文章進行概括時要抓住社會現(xiàn)象及其產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因等兩大時要抓住社會現(xiàn)象及其產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因等兩大要素。其摘要寫作總的模板：社會現(xiàn)象要素。其摘要寫作總的模板：社會現(xiàn)象原因。說原因。說明文或新聞報道是為讀者提供一定的信息或揭示、明文或新聞報道是為讀者提供一定的信息或揭示、描述某種社會問題的，作者的寫作意圖往往沒有明描述某種社會問題的，作者的寫作意圖往往沒有明確地在文章中表達出來，所以我們在概括完原文的確地在文章中表達出來，所以我們在概括完原文的要點后，往往要先把作者的寫作意圖點明后才發(fā)表要點后，往往要先把作者的寫作意圖點明后才發(fā)表自己的意見。如果是說明性或描述性短文，就必須自己的意見。如果是說明性或描述性短文，就必須用概括的文字來說明某種現(xiàn)象用概括的文字來說明某種現(xiàn)象。二、寫作指導二、寫作指導 2必備詞句。必備詞句。說明文摘要寫作模板說明文摘要寫作模板。(1)現(xiàn)象揭示類：現(xiàn)象揭示類：This article points out the common phenomenon.(主題主題), which.(補充解釋補充解釋)(2)利弊對比類：利弊對比類：The article compares the disadvantages/ benefits of A and B. The passage discusses the impact(影影響響)of .On the positive side., but it may also. (3)研究顯示類：研究顯示類：The study reveals(揭露揭露)that.The purpose of the report is to show that.3寫作要點。寫作要點。(1)描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功用，采用描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功用，采用“對象性對象性質(zhì)功用利弊質(zhì)功用利弊”的結(jié)構(gòu)。的結(jié)構(gòu)。 In the passage, the writer introduces.(對象對象)to us, especially its.(性質(zhì)或功用性質(zhì)或功用), from which we know.(對象帶來的利弊對象帶來的利弊)(2)針對某個問題提出解決方法或措施，采用針對某個問題提出解決方法或措施，采用“問題解決方法問題解決方法”的結(jié)構(gòu)。的結(jié)構(gòu)。The passage tells us.(問題問題)，including.(方法方法1)，.(方法方法2)and.(方法方法3)(3)介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因和結(jié)果，采用介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因和結(jié)果，采用“現(xiàn)象現(xiàn)象原因結(jié)果原因結(jié)果”的結(jié)構(gòu)。的結(jié)構(gòu)。The author/writer tells/talks about.(現(xiàn)象現(xiàn)象)of., because /but.(原因原因/本質(zhì)本質(zhì)1)，and.(原因原因/本質(zhì)本質(zhì)2)閱讀下面的短文，閱讀下面的短文， 然后以約然后以約30詞概括這篇短文詞概括這篇短文的主要內(nèi)容。的主要內(nèi)容。Eye care is an important factor in all of our lives.Without eyes, we seem to be able to do nothing.But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods.Secondly, dont sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take regular rest at intervals so as to relax the eye muscles.Thirdly, having enough sleep is the best rest for eyes.u即學即即學即練練Besides those notices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives.Excessive exposure to bright sunlight is harmful to eyes, therefore, when going out, especially in summer time, put on a pair of qualified sunglasses.Stay away from smoking.Some ingredients in cigarettes are carcinogenesis (致癌致癌的的) Last but not least, take regular medical examines to check out the potential eye disease and prevent its deterioration(退化退化)Eyes are the most important sense organs and one should use proper eye care products to avoid further irritations (刺激刺激)and ensure longevity at ease._參考范文參考范文Our eyes are important for us, so the author tells us how to take care of our eyes, including eating healthy food, giving them enough time to rest, knowing some threats, and taking frequent eye examinations.