人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)u(píng)nitl知識(shí)清單美文欣賞My FatherMy father is the person who I look up to the most in the world.At first,let me introduce my father to you. He is a man who was born in the late 70s.His birthday is on December 2nd.He is the elder brother of the twins in my family. Actually,sometimes he seems like a young guy who is very humorous,naughty,and a little bit childish.He works as a platelayer （鐵路工人）.He is always busy doing his job,but I never heard him say he was tired. He really has a strong heart to face everything no matter how difficult it is. He always tells me that to face the difficulties we meet ,the first skill that we need to learn is being brave and get over them.There is no doubt that he has done so much for me.Firstly,he -ives birth to me and looks after me all the time.Secondly,he works hard in order to provide a belter life and a high-quality education for me. What's more, he is warm-hearted. Nothing is more important than to have a virtuous heart. He likes to help others and always tells me that 1 should be a person that get used to helping others.To be honest, I can't express my thanks more to him. I feel so grateful for his kindness and warmth. I cannot emphasize the importance of living with a thankful heart. I wish I can take good care of him and spend more time with him when he is old .At last,on the coming Father's Day,I wish my beloved father in good health, great happiness and good luck forever!重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)have a headache 頭痛 have a backache 背痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a stomachache 胃痛；腹痛 have a fever 發(fā)燒 have/catch a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a sore throat 喉嚨痛 have a sore back 背痛,have the flu 流感；1. lie v.躺;說(shuō)謊:坐落在;處于.狀態(tài)謊言;謊話;狀態(tài):位置liar撒謊者lie lied lied-lying 說(shuō)謊；tell lies/ a lie to sb; lie to sb lie lay lain-lying 平躺,位于;lie down and have a rest 躺下休息一下；lie behind/in.;Shanghai lies in the east of China, h海位于中國(guó)的東部。lay laid laid放置，下蛋l(fā)ay out展示；設(shè)計(jì)；安排；陳設(shè);have a break/breaks 休息二 take a break/breaks(from.)break Vt.& vi ( broke, broken)打碎，打破，折斷I broke a bowl.1) 違背； 違反 You are breaking the law.2) 停止；中斷;打斷Break the conversation打斷談話n. 1)裂縫；裂口 there is a break in the pipe.2)休息，暫停 We have a break between classes.break為常用詞，指把一個(gè)完整的物體全部或部分毀壞、打碎，破壞整體性或完常用詞組：break in非法闖入，打斷，插嘴break off突然停止，中止break into laughter/ tears放聲大笑/大哭 break a bill將大鈔換為零錢break a record 打破記錄 break one's heart 使背痛欲絕break down損壞，垮掉，崩潰，把分解 break out發(fā)生、爆發(fā)break through 突破，突圍rest v.休息n.休息；剩余部分break叩 打破，散開，結(jié)束have a rest=rest=take a break ; the rest of.n.(C,U)休息；剩余的部分,其余的人(物)vi.休息，歇息用法解讀:1) The rest of + n.作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由of后的名詞的數(shù)來(lái)決定。The rest of the money is to be sent to him.What are the rest of you going to do?2)不跟of時(shí)，視其代替的詞而定。Some agree with her but the rest agree with Mary.常用詞組：rest from one's work 停下來(lái)休息一下have / take a rest 休息一下at rest在休息，在安歇，處于停止?fàn)顟B(tài) rest叩(使)充分休息2. hurt:(hurt-hurt) vt. hurt his leg/knee; hurt one's feelings 傷害某人的感情 hurt oneself傷至ij誰(shuí)自己；Vi :痛,My head hurts a lot.hurthurt 過(guò)去式-hurt 過(guò)去分詞 get hurt/injured;injure v. -injury n. -injured adj3. have trouble/ difficulty/problems/ a hard time with sth/ (in) doing sth 做某事遇到 麻煩/困難/困難時(shí)期(be) in trouble處于困境中 get into trouble陷入困境get off 下車 get on 上車 get married 結(jié)婚 get ready for sth./get ready to do sth. 為做好準(zhǔn)備get out出去get back回來(lái) get over克服get up起身；站 起get to到達(dá)get about四處走動(dòng)；(消息等)傳開get down下來(lái)get into ®A；陷入；養(yǎng)成(習(xí)慣)；對(duì),”，感興趣 get out(of.)出4 get round 傳播； 傳開get in收獲(割)get dressed(in.)穿衣服get across (使)通過(guò)；(使)理 解get through通過(guò);度過(guò)；完成;接通(電話)get close to接近；靠近get rid of 去掉；除掉；處理get away from逃跑；離開get in touch with與,”，取得聯(lián) 系get ready for為,”，做準(zhǔn)備get along / on well with sb./sth.與某人相處融洽；某事 進(jìn)展順利get down to (doing ) sth.開始認(rèn)真做某事gel in the way of妨礙operation n.手術(shù) have an operation operate v.做手術(shù)；操作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；經(jīng)營(yíng) operate on sb對(duì)。做手術(shù)4. agree on sth ; agree to do sth.同意做某事 agree with sb/sth.同意某人的意見或 看法 agree sb (not) to do sth 反義詞：disagree; agreement n. be in agreement with sb on sth; reach an agreement達(dá)成協(xié)議，取得一致意見do sb a favor=give sb a hand=help sb5. right away=at once=immediately=soon =right now 立亥U； 馬上climb(v.) climb down 爬下.-climber (n.)登山者 mountain climbing 登山 go mountain climbingHe is an experienced climber.他是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的登山者。6. risk: (n.)風(fēng)險(xiǎn);危險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn) n, take risks/ a risk the risk of的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) at therisk of.冒著.的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) He is a man who is afraid of taking risks.他是一個(gè)害怕冒 險(xiǎn)的人。(v.) risk doing sth;risk one's life to do sth冒生命危險(xiǎn)去做某事avoid the risk of.避免的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)at any risk無(wú)論冒什么危險(xiǎn)7. mean:(v.meant-meant)意思是；打算 mean (not) to do sth 打算做某事；2. 意味著 mean doing. & adj.吝嗇的;自私的;he is very mean with money.在錢方 面很吝嗇n. meaning: have meaning to sb; adj. meaningful/meaningless :be to sb;by all means 無(wú)論如何，務(wù)必，一定 we have to finish our task by all means.by means of.以； 憑借by no means *點(diǎn)也不，決不(by no means置于句首，句子用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序)By no means was he able to handle it.He succeeded by means of hard work.8. thc importance of sth./doing sth .的重要性 Wc all know the importance of health. 形容詞：(un)important 重要的 attach importance to 對(duì)重視decide to do sth.= make a decision to do sth 決定做某事 make decisions for oneself =make one's own decisions9. control:(-ll-) v./n.限制；約束；管理 control yourself 控制你自己be in control of.掌管；管理 He wants to be in control of his own destiny.他想要 掌握自己的命運(yùn)。out of control表示"不受控制” ；under control表示“被控制"lose control of.;in control of 含"主動(dòng)"含義in the control of 含"被”動(dòng)含義 He is in control of the company. I mean, the company is in the control of him.10. die(v.)dead (adj.)death(n.)dying (adj.) die of; die from; die out 滅絕；be/get used to sth./doing sth 習(xí)慣于. They are used to getting up early.他們習(xí)慣 早起。The girl is used to living in the city.used to do sth 過(guò)去常常做某事：She used to get up late, but now she is used to getting up early.她過(guò)去常常起得晚，但現(xiàn)在她習(xí)慣早起。use sth to do sth; use sth for doing 使用某物做某事：use a knife to cut the applebe used to do 被用來(lái)做.Bamboo can be used to build houses.be used fbr .Bamboo can be used for house-building.11. because of.因?yàn)?；由?She didn't go to school today because of her i!lness.=She didn't go to school today because she was ill.12. run out of sth=use up 用完；耗盡 My money ran out(無(wú)被動(dòng)).我的錢花光 f。 =1 ran out of my money.13. keep on doing sth,繼續(xù)做某事 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 have fun doing sth.做某事玩得開心have trouble doing sth做某事遇到麻煩 be used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于做某事look forward to doing sth.期待做某事(注意：go on to do (另一件。) go on doing sth =keep on doing.14. give up 放棄 give up doing sth.放棄做某事 give up one's time to do sth; give up smoking 戒煙give sb sth / give sth to sb 把某物給某人 give sth away(to sb) 1.分發(fā)，送 人，贈(zèng)送He gave away all his money to the poor.他把所有的錢都給了 窮人。(2) 背棄，出賣。I know you didn't want to give your friend away.我知道你不 想出賣朋友。(3) 泄漏，暴露 He gave away the secret through carelessness.他一時(shí)大意，泄 露了秘密。give inI：交。如：Give in your examination papers now.現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)把考卷交上來(lái)。(1) 讓步，投降。如：The enemy were at last forced to give in.敵人終于被迫 投降。He has given in to my views.他己經(jīng)聽從了我的意見。give off發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音、氣味等)。如：The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.這種氣體有一種難聞的氣味。The chemical change gives off heat and light.這種化學(xué)變化發(fā)出熱和光。give out分發(fā)，散發(fā)。如：Give the money out to the children.把錢分給孩子們。The teacher gave out the examination papers,老師把試卷發(fā)了 卜來(lái)。(2)用完，耗盡。如：Our money soon gave out,我們的錢很快就用完了。My patience at last gave out.我終于失去了耐心。(from )發(fā)表，公布。如：It was given out that he was dead.他的死訊己公布。(5) 發(fā)出(熱、聲音、信號(hào)等)。如：The gas-fire gives out a good heat.這煤氣 爐發(fā)出很大的熱量。15. fall down 摔倒 fall 過(guò)去式:fell -fallen; fall apart 崩潰，土崩瓦解 fall asleep 入 睡fall behind落在的后面,fall ill生病fall in love with愛(ài)上fall into落入，陷于 fall off sp; fall down from sp ;fallen leavestake some medicine 吃藥 take one's temperature 測(cè)體溫 take an injection 打針25.lose one's life 喪生;lose oneself 迷路 lose sight of 忽略；不再看見26.lose face丟臉lose time耽誤時(shí)間走得慢矢去時(shí)機(jī)lose money損失金錢lose control ofget lost .lose heart 喪失勇氣；失去勇氣；灰心；泄氣 lose weight 減 肥；瘦身；減輕體重；體重減輕lose color變蒼白lose interest不再感興趣；26. have a heart problem/disease/attack 患心臟病pain n.痛苦 have a pain in + 部位 painful adj.27. get an X-ray 拍片spirit n.y精神；氣魄：靈魂,幽靈心情，情緒(pl.)in high / great spirits情緒高漲，興高采烈in poor / low spirits情緒低落，意志消沉常用詞組：body and spirit肉體和精神the/ a spirit of the age/ times 時(shí)代精神in (the ) spirit在內(nèi)心,在精神上out of spirits沒(méi)精打采28. bloodn. (U)血， 血液，血統(tǒng) HIV can also be spread through blood.常用詞組：make one's blood boil使某人熱血沸騰；使某人怒火中燒in cold blood冷血地，殘忍地make sb's bold run cold使某人不寒而栗sb's blood is up某人動(dòng)怒（發(fā)火）同根詞：bleed （bled, bled） vi&vt.出血，流血，犧牲，（心）痛，敲詐she was lying in the street, bleeding very heavily.血流不止they bled for their country.為國(guó)犧牲my heart bled for you.為你感到心痛。the man who look his on bled the father for $20,000.常用詞組：bleed badly大出血bleed to death流血致死bleed someone white把某人的錢棒光31 .breathevi.呼吸常用詞組：|breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出 breathe again/ easily/ freely 放下心來(lái)， 松口氣同根詞：n.（C,U）呼吸，氣息1）呼吸if you walked up six flights of stairs, would you be out of breath? 上氣不接下氣2）氣息，呼吸的空氣 I will work hard as long as I have breath.常用詞組：hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 in a /one breath 口氣，同時(shí) take breath 休息一下lose one's breath喘不過(guò)氣；呼吸困難out of breath氣喘吁吁take a deep breath 深呼吸so+adj.that+從句''如此.以至于"He ran so fast that I couldn't catch upwith him.such+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/ such+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞She is such a good teacher that we all like her.32. patient adj.耐心的 be patient with sb be patient to do n.病人 the sick 病人們shout呼喊，喊叫shout for help大聲呼救shout to sb大聲呼叫某人shout at sb 沖某人大喊大叫33. bleed v.流血 blood n.血液 bleeding n.流血 have a nosebleed 流鼻血36 .其它短語(yǔ)tell of: first aid 急救 get ill ill-worse-worst 川ness=disease 疾病 accident 事故 by accident=by chance 意夕卜地 see a dentist =eo to a dentist ; wait for sb /sth( to do ); wait one's turn ;zet hit on the head ; know of ； work outside ; in an afterschool study program; at the food bank； raise money for homeless people; donate sth to sb; zive away sth to sb ； at midnight : a thank-you letter ； a special/sDeciall、trained doc; have a basketball trainine ;train sb to do. ； feel/be lucky to do.；be free todo.； a call-in center for parents ； of one's own 屬于某人自 己的;on one's own =by oneself 重點(diǎn)突破What's the matter/trouble/problem (with sb) ?What's wrong (with sb)?1. 關(guān)于疾病的表達(dá)have a/an + 部位-ache I have a toothache.1. Have a sore + 部位 have a sore throat/back/kneeHave a/an + 疾病2. Have a pain in the + 部位 I have a pain in my back.3. 部位+hurts My head hurts badly.4. Sb hurt + 部位/oneself She hurt her arm yesterday.7. Cut + 部位/oneself