對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P P186 186 語(yǔ)法歸納歸納語(yǔ)法歸納語(yǔ)法 分類詳解分類詳解副詞定義：副詞是指可以用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或全句的詞。一、副詞的作用1修飾形容詞作狀語(yǔ)He is terribly sorry for what he has done.The professor spoke highly of the young man.名師提示：以a開(kāi)頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞(alike例外)，通常不用very修飾。如：very much afraid；wide awake；fast asleep等2修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)All the students did the job perfectly.名師提示：very不可以修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。I very like English.()I like English very much/a lot.()3修飾副詞作狀語(yǔ)You drive too fast.The boy plays the piano quite well.4修飾句子作狀語(yǔ)；有些副詞置于句首作狀語(yǔ)Fortunately，Mike quickly found another job.Happily，this never happened.5作表語(yǔ)My mother isnt in；but my father is upstairs.6個(gè)別副詞作后置定語(yǔ)The men here are all experts.Have you seen the newspaper today?7作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Open the door and let the dog out.He was seen there just now.二、副詞的分類副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞、全句或名詞詞組及介詞。副詞一般可分為以下幾類：1時(shí)間副詞，例如：now，usually，often，always2地點(diǎn)副詞，例如：here，there，out，everywhere3方式副詞，例如：hard，well，fast，slowly4程度副詞，例如：very，much，still，almost5疑問(wèn)副詞，例如：how，when，why，where6關(guān)系副詞，例如：when，where，why7連接副詞，例如：whether，why，when，how名師提示：(1)以ly結(jié)尾的詞不一定都是副詞，也有形容詞。如：friendly；likely；lonely；silly；manly等(2)有些副詞有兩種形式。一種與其形容詞形式一樣，另一種是在后加ly。二者意義有一定差異或迥然不同。?？嫉挠校篶lose(指實(shí)際距離)closely仔細(xì)地，密切地(抽象概念)wide(指實(shí)際寬度)widely廣泛地(抽象概念)high(指實(shí)際高度)highly高度地(抽象概念)deep(指實(shí)際深度)deeply深深地(抽象概念)free(免費(fèi)地)freely自由地hard(努力地)hardly幾乎不most(最)mostly大多數(shù)情況三、副詞的位置1時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞的位置一般放在句尾。如果這兩種副詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中，則把地點(diǎn)副詞放在時(shí)間副詞前面，也可把時(shí)間副詞放在句首。例如：Yesterday they went boating in Zhongshan Park.They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.但表示不確定時(shí)間的副詞通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和to be之后。這些副詞有always，seldom，often，never，rarely等。例如：He often comes late.We are never late.We should always work hard.2程度副詞一般放在被修飾詞之前(enough例外)。例如：You are old enough to do this.He is very careful.3方式副詞修飾不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)放在被修飾詞之后，修飾及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)放在被修飾的動(dòng)詞之前或賓語(yǔ)之后，如賓語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，也可把副詞放在動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)之間。例如：He works hard.He speaks English very well.Mr.Wang wrote carefully some letters to his friends.4副詞修飾名詞時(shí)，一般放在該名詞之后；修飾介詞時(shí)(如well，right，just，soon等)，放在該介詞前；副詞修飾全句時(shí)，一般放在句首。例如：The person there is looking for you.Theres the house，right in front of you.Truly he will go to Shanghai.四、副詞的特殊用法1倒裝含有否定意義的副詞rarely，seldom，never，little，hardly等位于句首時(shí)。如：Never shall I do it again.here，there，now，then，out，in，up，down，away表位置移動(dòng)的詞主語(yǔ)。如：Here comes the bus.(若主語(yǔ)是代詞，不用倒裝：Here he comes.)Out rushed the boy.(Out he rushed.)2有些副詞也可用作連詞，如：though，immediately，instantly，in case等。Though he is a child，he knows a lot.(though用作連詞)考例：Have you been to New Zealand?No，Id like to，_.Atoo BthoughCyetDeither解析：though用作副詞，常在句末，仍表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。答案：BI dont know if it will rain，but I will take my raincoat，just in case.I will take my raincoat in case it rains.immediately/instantly用作副詞，意思是“立即”；用作連詞，意思是“一就”。3形容詞、副詞的一些固定搭配。如：smoke heavily；depend heavily on；rain/snow heavily；wide awake(非常清醒的)；fast/sound asleep(熟睡的)；heavy traffic；strong wind；high/low price；large/small number/population等。這就要求同學(xué)們?cè)谄饺諏W(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，要留心多積累、歸納并記憶。對(duì)應(yīng)專題對(duì)應(yīng)專題 分類訓(xùn)練分類訓(xùn)練 溫溫示示提提馨馨