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1、Part1 M5.Unit14Unit14Unit14CareersCareersModule5income, pay, salary, wage, fee與bonus income從工作或其他地方得到的經(jīng)常性收入；The Inland Revenue Department is responsible for collecting income tax. 稅務(wù)局負(fù)責(zé)征收所得稅。 pay支付給某人的工資薪金；Truck drivers are demanding higher pay. 卡車司機(jī)要求加薪。1、 salary每月發(fā)給某人，尤其是專業(yè)人員、經(jīng)理等的薪金，通常直接存入其銀行賬戶；Yo

2、ur salary will be12, 000 a year, with annual increments of 500. 你的年薪為12,000英鎊， 每年增加500英鎊。 wage每周付給某人，尤其是非專業(yè)人員，非管理人員等的報(bào)酬；Wages at the cannery are very low. 那家罐頭食品廠的工資很低。fee 指從事某些職業(yè)收取的服務(wù)費(fèi)；bonus 獎(jiǎng)金；紅利；特別津貼。2、reward n&vt.報(bào)酬， 獎(jiǎng)賞 give sb. a reward for (doing) sth. a reward for good behaviour 優(yōu)秀行為獎(jiǎng) deserve

3、 a reward for 理應(yīng)受到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) offer a reward for as a reward for sb. s service 作為對(duì)某人服務(wù)的報(bào)答 reward sb. for (doing) sth.完成句子。1. 她因自己所做的努力而得到一筆獎(jiǎng)金。She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus. 2. 已懸賞 100 英鎊尋找項(xiàng)鏈。A 100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace. 3. 她應(yīng)該為她的付出得到獎(jiǎng)賞。She deserves a rewa

4、rd for what she has done. 4. 因?yàn)樗ぷ髋Γ?經(jīng)理提升她以作為獎(jiǎng)賞。The manager rewarded her with a promotion for her efforts at work. 5. 他因發(fā)明一臺(tái)機(jī)器而獲獎(jiǎng)50萬(wàn)元。He was rewarded 500, 000 yuan for his invention of a machine. 3、charge vt. 控告，搭配：charge sb. with doing sth.；收費(fèi)， 要(某人)支付，搭配：charge sb. some money for (doing) sth. The

5、 police charged him with stealing goods from the shop. 警察控告他在商店偷東西。 They charged me 10 yuan for taking in my trousers. 他們收我10塊錢把褲子改小。 n. 控告， 指控；收費(fèi)， 要價(jià)；管理， 責(zé)任 The police brought a charge against the man who stole from the shop. 警察控告那個(gè)從店里偷東西的人。free of charge免費(fèi)in charge of擔(dān)任；管理；指揮， 負(fù)責(zé)照料in the charge of

6、由(某人)照料/管理take charge of sth.漢譯英。1. 12月份煤氣價(jià)格將上漲。 Gas charges will rise in December. 2. 這本書是免費(fèi)的。 This book is free of charge. 3. 我不在的時(shí)候由哈利負(fù)責(zé)部門的事務(wù)。 Harry will take charge of the department while I am away. 4. 他離家出走后， 孩子由我照顧。 The child was in my charge when he ran away.aid, help與assist三者一般情況下可以互換。 aid指

7、援助處于困難或危險(xiǎn)境地中的人， 強(qiáng)調(diào)被幫助者本人在本來(lái)可以完成某項(xiàng)工作或任務(wù)的情況下收到援助， 含有合作之意， 也指援助某種正當(dāng)?shù)氖聵I(yè)或行為。 help常指較鄭重的救助， 有提供主動(dòng)、慷慨幫助的意思， 而接收人也需要這樣的幫助。 assist指協(xié)助。 4、in aid of(in order to help)用來(lái)幫助legal aid 法律援助come/go to sbs aid(help sb.)幫助某人with the aid of 借助于aid vt.幫助，援助 aid sb.in/with sth.幫助某人某事完成句子。1. The local community aided us i

8、n our investigation.2. I didnt speak French, but a nice man came to my aidand told me where to go.3. He was able to prove the existence of the supergun with the aid of a photograph. quarrel與argue quarrel n. & v. 爭(zhēng)吵， 吵架，著重是指對(duì)某事不喜歡或強(qiáng)烈不滿而發(fā)生的“爭(zhēng)吵”，“吵架”。常見(jiàn)搭配有：quarrel with sb. 和某人爭(zhēng)吵； quarrel about為而爭(zhēng)吵； hav

9、e a quarrel(n.)/quarrel(v.) with sb. about (over) sth. 因某事和某人吵架5、 The couple was quarrelling furiously about whose turn it was to cook the dinner. 這對(duì)夫婦對(duì)該輪到誰(shuí)做晚飯而激烈地爭(zhēng)吵著。 argue v. 辯論， 議論，著重就自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)提出論證，同他人“爭(zhēng)論”，“辯論”。常用搭配有：argue against辯駁 argue for為辯護(hù)argue with sb. 和某人辯論argue about議論， 爭(zhēng)論 argue that辯論道 H

10、e argued that the boy should not go on the voyage alone. 他爭(zhēng)辯說(shuō)這孩子不應(yīng)該一個(gè)人去遠(yuǎn)航。 argue with sb. about sth. 和某人爭(zhēng)論某事argue sb. out of doing sth. 說(shuō)服某人不要做某事argue sb. into doing sth. 說(shuō)服某人做某事完成句子。1.我們中幾乎沒(méi)人會(huì)反對(duì)主張有更多選擇，更多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的想法。 Few of us can quarrel with the idea of more choice and more competition. 2. 他們說(shuō)服我加入工會(huì)。Th

11、ey argued/talked me into joining the union. They persuaded me to join the union. 6、make up 編造， 虛構(gòu) The story is made up. 本故事純屬虛構(gòu)。 組成 Farm workers make up only a small section of the population in this country. 在這個(gè)國(guó)家，農(nóng)民只占人口的一小部分。 make it up with sb. 與某人和解 shake hands and make up握手言和 They had an argume

12、nt, but they have already made (it) up. 他們之前有過(guò)爭(zhēng)吵， 不過(guò)已經(jīng)和好了。make (it) up (for) 補(bǔ)償， 彌補(bǔ)We must make it up to him somehow. 我們得想個(gè)辦法補(bǔ)償他。make up for the lost time/a mistake 補(bǔ)回失去的時(shí)間/補(bǔ)救失誤makeup n化妝It took her more than an hour to make herself up. 她花了一個(gè)多小時(shí)才化好妝。漢譯英。1. 老師叫我們編一個(gè)對(duì)話。 The teacher asked us to make up

13、 a dialogue. 2. 他們已經(jīng)彌補(bǔ)了損失。 They have made up for the loss. 7、basis n. 基礎(chǔ)， 根基， 原則 on the basis ofn./on aadj. basis根據(jù)；以為原則；在的基礎(chǔ)上We drew this conclusion on the basis of experiments. 我們是在試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的。 on a friendly basis 在友好的基礎(chǔ)上；根據(jù)友好原則 on a regular basis 定期 base vt. 以作基礎(chǔ) be based on基于完成句子。1. 你們是領(lǐng)周薪的嗎？D

14、o you get paid on a weekly basis？2. 該影片是根據(jù)辛克萊劉易斯的小說(shuō)改編的。The film is based on a novel by Sinclair Lewis. believe in, trust與believe believe in指相信某人或某事的本質(zhì)特征， 即為信任、信仰， 后常接真理、宗教一類的詞。 trust指信任， 同believe in。 believe指相信某事或某人說(shuō)的話屬實(shí)；8、 用believe in, trust, believe的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. My husband trusts me and I dont want t

15、o disappoint him. 2. Do you believe in God?3. No matter what you say, I just trust/believe in him. He is always such an honest guy. 9、turn over (to) 翻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)， 翻身；把轉(zhuǎn)交給A man will turn over half a library to make one book. 一個(gè)人要寫出一本書來(lái)非翻遍半個(gè)圖書館不可。與turn相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)turn down回絕， 拒絕；把調(diào)低/關(guān)小turn in上交， 上繳turn sth./sb. off關(guān)

16、掉；使(人)厭煩/失去興趣turn out出席， 在場(chǎng)；結(jié)果是， 證明是turn to sb./sth. 求助于 turn up到達(dá)， 露面完成句子。1. 他還沒(méi)睡， 時(shí)不時(shí)在床上翻來(lái)覆去。He had not yet fallen asleep, turning over in bed from time to time. 2. 我們最好把小偷交給警察處理。We had better turn the thief over to the police. 用turn的短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。3. We arranged to meet at 7：00 but he never turned up.

17、 4. Only a few guns have been turned inso far. 5. The job turned outto be harder than we thought. 6. You should not have turned downhis friendly invitation. 7. If you cant understand, you can turn to a dictionary. 10、grasp vt.&n. 抓住；理解On the verge of falling, he immediately grasped a rope. 在快要跌倒的時(shí)候，

18、 他立刻抓住了一根繩子。 grasp sb. s hand/sb. by the hand 抓住某人的手 take ones hand in a firm grasp牢牢抓住某人的手 grasp the main idea of抓住的主旨大意 have a good grasp of 牢固掌握漢譯英。1. 你必須抓住這個(gè)黃金機(jī)會(huì)。 You must grasp the golden opportunity. 2. 她對(duì)我們所學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)掌握得很牢固。 She has a good grasp of what we have learned. 3. 這是我們覺(jué)得難以理解的一個(gè)概念。 Its a c

19、oncept we find difficult to grasp. 11、commit vt. 承諾， 受誓言的約束；犯(罪、錯(cuò)等) commit oneself to do sth. 承諾做某事Both sides committed themselves to settle the dispute peacefully. 雙方承諾和平解決爭(zhēng)端。 commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/犯錯(cuò) commit suicide 自殺 committed adj. 承擔(dān)義務(wù)的；忠于既定立場(chǎng)的 be committed tobe devoted to 獻(xiàn)身于， 奉獻(xiàn)于 be commit

20、ted to (doing) sth.承諾，保證(做某事)，投身于 commitment n. 承諾；奉獻(xiàn)a commitment to信奉；忠誠(chéng)于漢譯英。1. 他投身于教育事業(yè)。 He committed himself to the cause of education. 2. 她不愿作出任何承諾。 She would not commit herself in any way. 12、existence n. 存在， 生存I was unaware of his existence until today. 直到今天我才知道有他這么個(gè)人。 (sth.) come into existen

21、ce 出現(xiàn)， 產(chǎn)生 bring sth. into existence 使產(chǎn)生 be in existence 存在的， 現(xiàn)存的 exist vi. 存在， 生存 existing adj. 存在的完成句子。1. 這是現(xiàn)有的最雄偉的橋。 This is the most magnificent bridge in existence. 2. 這樣的問(wèn)題根本不存在。 Such a problem doesnt exist. 13、hesitate vi. 躊躇， 猶豫If you hesitate too much, you will lose the game. 如果你太猶豫， 就會(huì)輸?shù)舯荣悺?/p>

22、 hesitate to do/about doing sth. 對(duì)做某事猶豫不決 hesitation n. Without any hesitation, he jumped into the river to save the drowning child.他毫不猶豫地跳下河去救溺水的孩子。 完成句子。1. 我毫不猶豫地接受了那份工作。 I didnt hesitate about taking the job. 2. 有什么困難盡管開口。 If you have any difficulty, dont hesitate to ask for help. 3. 她毫不猶豫地同意了。 S

23、he agreed without the slightest hesitation. 14、respond v. (口頭或書面)回答，回應(yīng)，搭配： respond to sb./sth. (with sth.)；回答說(shuō)，搭配：respond that從句 She never responded to my letter. 她從來(lái)沒(méi)給我回過(guò)信。作出反應(yīng)；響應(yīng)：respond (to sth.) (with sth./by doing sth.)How did they respond to the news?他們對(duì)這則消息有什么反應(yīng)？ response n. (口頭的或書面的)回答，答復(fù)； 反

24、應(yīng)；響應(yīng) make no response 沒(méi)作出反應(yīng) in response to sth.作為對(duì)的答復(fù)，回應(yīng) a positive response 積極的反應(yīng) 反應(yīng)靈敏；作出正確反應(yīng)：respond (to sb./sth.) The plane responds well to the controls. 這架飛機(jī)操縱起來(lái)很靈活。漢譯英。1. 他對(duì)我的提議的反應(yīng)是大笑。 He responded to my suggestion with a laugh/by laughing. 2. 為回報(bào)他們的熱情， 我們寫了一封感謝信。 In response to their hospital

25、ity, we wrote a thankyou note. 15、envy vt.&n. 羨慕， 妒忌 do sth. out of envy 出于妒忌而做某事 feel envy at對(duì)感到嫉妒 envious (jealous) adj. 嫉妒的，羨慕的 an envious look 嫉妒的目光 be envious of sth. 羨慕完成句子。1. 上了年紀(jì)的人總羨慕年輕人的精力。Aged people are always envious of young peoples energy. 2. 他羨慕羅莎琳德的青春和活力。He envied Rosalind for her yo

26、uth and strength.16、bother vt. vi. &n.煩擾，令人煩惱的情況(之人或事)Oh, well, dont let that bother you. 哎， 別為這事心煩了。I hope I havent been a bother.希望我沒(méi)有煩擾你。 bother (with/about sth.) 花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事) Its not worth bothering with(using)an umbrellathe cars just outside. 不必打傘汽車就停在外面。 bother sb. (about/with sth.) 使(某人)煩惱(或擔(dān)憂

27、、不安)；給(某人)造成麻煩(或痛苦)You dont sound too bothered about it. 看來(lái)你并不十分擔(dān)心這事。 be bothered (about sb./sth.) 認(rèn)為(某人或某事)重要；關(guān)心(某人或某事)Im not bothered about what he thinks. 我不在乎他怎么想。 cant be bothered (to do sth.) 不想花時(shí)間/精力做某事 I should really do some work this weekend but I cant be bothered. 我這個(gè)周末真該做點(diǎn)事了，可我懶得做。漢譯英。1.

28、 別為這操心了。 Dont bother yourself about it. 2. 此信不必費(fèi)心回復(fù)。 Dont bother about answering/to answer the letter. 3. 那個(gè)學(xué)生挺讓我們傷腦筋的。 That student is quite a bother to us. 17、have an advantage (over) 占上風(fēng)， 優(yōu)于， 強(qiáng)于He had an advantage over me as he is a male. 他比我有優(yōu)勢(shì)， 因?yàn)樗悄惺俊?have an advantage over sb. in sth. You hav

29、e an advantage over Bob in being more organized. 你比Bob有優(yōu)勢(shì)， 因?yàn)槟惚容^有條理。 take advantage of sb. 占某人便宜， 利用某人It never occurred to me to take advantage of him. 我絕沒(méi)有想到過(guò)要占他的便宜。 take advantage of sth. make use of sth. (巧妙地)利用某物 Some students took advantage of the lunch hour to finish their homework. 有些學(xué)生利用午餐的時(shí)

30、間做作業(yè)。 to your advantage /disadvantage對(duì)你有利/不利 be at an advantage/disadvantage(不)占優(yōu)勢(shì)漢譯英。1. 如果你預(yù)先考慮過(guò)面試中提出的問(wèn)題，就會(huì)處于優(yōu)勢(shì)。 You will be at an advantage if you have thought about the interview questions in advance. 2. 但愿我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足不會(huì)使我吃虧。 I hope my lack of experience wont be to my disadvantage. 18、in case 以防萬(wàn)一， 以免

31、后面接從句，常與just搭配構(gòu)成just in case, 表示“以防萬(wàn)一”。Write the telephone number down in case you forget. 把電話號(hào)碼寫下來(lái)以免忘了。 in any case 無(wú)論如何， 總之In any case you must arrive there on time. 無(wú)論如何你必須按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。 in case of sth. 若發(fā)生某事， 假如Press this button in case of fire. 若遇火災(zāi)按下此鈕。 in no case 在任何情況下決不， 無(wú)論如何都不In no case will I re

32、veal your secret. 我決不會(huì)泄漏你的秘密。 in that case 既然那樣， 若是那樣的話 You dont like your job? In that case, why dont you leave?你不喜歡這份工作？既然那樣你怎么不辭職呢？ 用case有關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空。1. In case of traffic jam, you should walk to school. 2. Its usually not cold there, but youd better take some warm clothes (just) in case. 3. Dont trust

33、 him. He will keep his promise in no case. 4. She said she wouldnt give up in any case. 5.In case I may forget about the appointment, Ive already asked my sister to remind me. 6.In case you need something, please dont hesitate to let me know. ()1. (2010全國(guó)卷) Linda, make sure the tables _ before the g

34、uests arrive.A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting C考查動(dòng)詞set的用法和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。set a table擺放桌子，tables為主語(yǔ)，故用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。make sure后一般接賓語(yǔ)從句。 Make_sure they know what to do.(P22)()2.(2008陜西卷)The moment I got home, I found I _ my jacket on the playground.A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving Athe moment作為連詞

35、用引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 The_instant she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room.(P24) ()3. (2008北京卷) Did you return Freds call? I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when D. becauseDbecause引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 I never thought about going on TV because my family didnt even have one until I was in junior high school！(P26)