Unit 1 Know yourself (Grammar A) 連連 詞詞 (CONJUNCTION)一、連詞定義一、連詞定義: 用來(lái)用來(lái)連接連接詞、短語(yǔ)或句子詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的詞。的詞。 e.g. I study English and Chinese. Does he work at school or in the hospital? I get up early, but my brother gets up late. 連詞是一種虛詞，在句子中不能單連詞是一種虛詞，在句子中不能單獨(dú)使用獨(dú)使用。二、二、連詞分類：連詞分類：并列連詞并列連詞從屬連詞從屬連詞連詞：連詞：and, but, or, so, (for)連詞連詞詞組詞組: eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, bothand, (as well as)that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, sothat, though/ although, even if, asas 等等 1. I am active and energetic. I love working with people. 2. He doesnt like to talk much. His work shouts.用用“and”，“but”，“or”，“so”連接句子。連接句子。I am active and energetic，and I love working with people.He doesnt like to talk much, but he is work shouts.We useand” to join ideas that are similar.We usebut to join ideas that are different. 3. I can be a good teacher. I can be a good doctor. = I can be a good teacher _ a good doctor. 4. He does not like singing. He does not like dancing. = He does not like singing _ dancing. 用用“and”，“but”，“or”，“so”填空。填空。or or We use or to introduce another possibility. In negetive sentences, (在否定句中在否定句中)we use or to join two or more ideas. I want to share the best art with people. I am always searching for something better or different.= I want to share the best art with people, _ I am always searching for something better or different.用用“and”，“but”，“or”，“so”填空。填空。so We use so to express the result of sth. “因此因此”We useand to join ideas that are similar.We use but to join ideas that are different.We use or to introduce another possibility. (In negetive sentences, we use or to join two or more ideas.)We use so to express the result of sth.一一. 用用and , but, or或或so 填空填空1.We went there by bus _ we got there on time. 2. Would you like some apples _bananas ?3. I want to go traveling , _ I havent got enough money . 4. You can find some news _ interesting stories on the Internet. 5. He is only a child, _ he knows a lot.andorbutandbut5. Which is better , Class 1 _ Class 2 ?6. She is too fat, _ she has to do more exercise. 7. Peter_ James is going to give us a talk about English tomorrow. 8. I help him _he helps me.9. Tom was hungry, _ his mother made him a sandwitchorsoorandso二二. 用用and ,but ,or改寫句子改寫句子1. It is sunny . Our city looks more beautiful. 2. He invited me to the meeting. I am very busy so I cant go. .It is sunny, and our city looks more beautiful.He invited me to the meeting, but I am very busy so I cant go. 3. On Sunday you can go horse riding . You can listen to pop music at home. 4. The little boy is very young. He knows more things than the other children. On Sunday you can go horse riding or listen to pop music at home.The little boy is very young, but he knows more things than the other childern.P12 1. Kitty is kind, but sometimes she is impatient.2. Billy would not accept others advice or think twice.3. Judy is gentle, so/and she never gets angry with others.4. Suzy worries too much, so she cannot sleep well sometimes.We useand to join ideas that are similar.We use but to join ideas that are different.We use or to introduce another possibility. (In negetive sentences, we use or to join two or more ideas.)We use so to express the result of sth.一一. 用用and , but, or或或so 填空填空1.We went there by bus _ we got there on time. 2. Would you like some apples _bananas ?3. I want to go traveling , _ I havent got enough money . 4. You can find some news _ interesting stories on the Internet. 5. He is only a child, _ he knows a lot.andorbutandbut5. Which is better , Class 1 _ Class 2 ?6. She is too fat, _ she has to do more exercise. 7. Peter_ James is going to give us a talk about English tomorrow. 8. I help him _he helps me.9. Tom was hungry, _ his mother made him a sandwitchorsoorandso二二. 用用and ,but ,or改寫句子改寫句子1. It is sunny . Our city looks more beautiful. 2. He invited me to the meeting. I am very busy so I cant go. .It is sunny, and our city looks more beautiful.He invited me to the meeting, but I am very busy so I cant go. 3. On Sunday you can go horse riding . You can listen to pop music at home. 4. The little boy is very young. He knows more things than the other children. On Sunday you can go horse riding or listen to pop music at home.The little boy is very young, but he knows more things than the other childern.P12 1. Kitty is kind, but sometimes she is impatient.2. Billy would not accept others advice or think twice.3. Judy is gentle, so/and she never gets angry with others.4. Suzy worries too much, so she cannot sleep well sometimes.1. Mary likes music_Tom is found of sports. A. and B. but C. both A and B2. I failed again, _ I wont give up. A. and B. but C. so3. This is my first lesson, _ I dont know your names. A. and B. but C. soand : : 表對(duì)等表對(duì)等 “ “和、并且和、并且” ” but: 表轉(zhuǎn)折表轉(zhuǎn)折 “ “但是但是”so: 表因果表因果 “ “所以所以”and, or, but, so 基本用法基本用法4. Which do you like better, apples, _ pears? A. and B. but C. or5. Now we have no time _ money. A. so B. and C. oror: 1. 用于用于疑問疑問句句, , 表表選擇選擇 2. 用于用于否定否定句句, , 表表并列并列6. Try your best _ youll make more progress. A. and B. but C. or7. Dont lose heart, _ youll lose all. A. and B. so C. orand and 和和 or or 都可以在祈使句中使用都可以在祈使句中使用. . and 通常是比較好的結(jié)果通常是比較好的結(jié)果; ;or 則表示不愉快或不理想的結(jié)果則表示不愉快或不理想的結(jié)果. . and, or, but, so 基本用法基本用法8. Its getting warmer _ warmer. A. and B. but C. or9. He or the twins _ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from10. Not Tom but I _ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. areadj.比比 + and + adj.比比 表示越來(lái)越表示越來(lái)越A or B 和和 not A but B 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要使用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要使用就近原則就近原則。and, or, but, so 特殊用法特殊用法11. Although I have passed the exam, _ I am not pleased with the result. A. and B. but C. /and, or, but, so 特殊用法特殊用法although 和和 but 不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。12. Both Peter and I _ going to Guangzhou. A. are B. is C. am13. Either apples or rice _ Ok. I am hungry. A. are B. is C. /14. Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth. A. wants B. want C. is going to15. Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win. A. is B. are C. ambothandeitherorneithernornot onlybut also以上結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)，除以上結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)，除bothbothandand 謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)外，其余都使用就近原則。外，其余都使用就近原則。 “so + be 動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)” 小小診所： so前面的句子都是肯定句。若前面的句子是否定句,那就不能用so引導(dǎo)這個(gè)句子了,而應(yīng)該用“Neither/Nor + be 動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”(某人也不） “ He is a Chinese.” “ So am I.” “Tom can dance.” “ So can Mary.” “Mother will go to Beijing.” “So will I.” I have been to America. So has Li Lei. She likes English. So do they. Lily played basket yesterday. So did Lucy.（某人也是） 表示前一句中主語(yǔ)的肯定情況也適用于后者，在時(shí)態(tài)上應(yīng)和前一句保持一致，但兩句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是不同的兩人。例如：. “Neither/Nor + be 動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)” (某人也不） 表示前一句中主語(yǔ)的否定情況也適用于后者，前后兩句的主語(yǔ)是不同的。 “ He isnt a Chinese.” “ Neither am I.”“Tom cant dance.” “Neither can Mary.”“Mother wont go to Beijing.” “Neither will I.” I havent been to America. Neither has Li Lei.She doesnt like English. Neither do they. - Lily didnt play basketball yesterday. - Neither did Lucy. “I dont like playing with that girl.” “Neither does he.” “so +主語(yǔ)+ be 動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞” ( 的確如此）兩句中的主語(yǔ)是同一人 -Its a bad day today. -So it is. -John studies English well. -So he does. ( ) 1.- I used to go out for a walk after supper. - _. A.So do I B. So did I C. Neither did I D.So I did ( ) 2. -She has a nice watch. -_. A.So has she B. So she has C.So does she D.So she does ( )3.-Mary wasnt invited yesterday. -_. A.So was I B. Neither was I C.So did I D. Neither did I ( )4.-Ann has made great progress recently. -_ and_. A. So has she;so have you B. So has she;so you have C. So she has;so you have D. So she has;so have you BDBDMr Brown knows little Japanese,_he cant understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.介紹、說明A little A little 少量、少許、一點(diǎn)。表示肯定的意思。少量、少許、一點(diǎn)。表示肯定的意思。Little Little 幾乎沒有。表示否定幾乎沒有。表示否定。He has little money. He has a little money.他幾乎沒有錢他有一點(diǎn)錢soGoodbye