Unit 3Unit 3Amazing peopleAmazing peopleModule2重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞6、compare vt. 比較；把比作，比喻 vi. 與相比 do not compare with sb. / sth.無法相比 compare A to / with B 將A與B比較 compare sth. / sb. to 將比(喻)作(異類相比) My English doesnt compare with his. 我的英文水平不如他。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞Compared with her sister, Alice seems a little shy. 和妹妹比，愛麗斯似乎有些害羞。In comparison / (When) Compared with English, German has a more complicated grammatical system. 和英語相比，德語的語法體系更復(fù)雜。A teachers work is_often_compared_to a candle. 教師的工作常被比作蠟燭。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞compare notes 交換意見；交流體會without (=beyond) compare (n.) 無可比擬comparison n. 比較；對照by comparison 相比之下in comparison with / to 與相比重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞7、base n. 基地， 大本營；底部；基礎(chǔ) vt. 以為基礎(chǔ) base A on B 將A建立在B的基礎(chǔ)上 be based on sth.基于He used his familys story as a base for his novel. 他把他一家人的經(jīng)歷作為他小說的素材。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞Shanghai is the most important industrial base of China. 上海是中國最重要的工業(yè)基地。I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday. 我把希望寄托在我們昨天得到的好消息上。The novel is_based_on a local ghost story. 這部小說是基于當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€鬼的傳說。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞After _ in “The Brokeback Mountain (斷背山)”, Ang Lee decided to direct another English film “Lust Caution(色戒)”, _ on a short novel by Zhang Ailing.A. succeeded; based B. succeeding; basingC. succeeded; basing D. succeeding; based D 句子主語是succeed這個動作的執(zhí)行者，所以要用succeeding；后面是分詞短語作定語，相當(dāng)于which was based on,省略了which was, 所以是based。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞8、once adv. 一次，曾經(jīng) conj. 一旦就She once knew him. 她以前認(rèn)識他。Once bitten, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩。/ 吃一次虧，學(xué)一次乖。Once you begin, you must continue.一旦開了頭, 你就應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)下去。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞once more/again 再一次；重新at once 馬上，立刻；(=instantly)同時once upon a time 從前(用于故事的開頭)all at once 一下子，突然once and for all (或once for all) 一勞永逸地；徹底地重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? _ it doesnt rain. A. Until B. WhileC. Once D. If重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 D 明天我們?nèi)ヒ安秃脝?？如果不下雨的?我們就去)。考查條件狀語從句。 until“直到時”，用于否定句時，意為“直到才”；while“當(dāng)時候”；once“一旦就”；if “如果”。據(jù)句意，選D。 該句完整形式為：If it doesnt rain, we shall have our picnic tomorrow.重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞9、 prove vt. 證明，證實 prove that It is impossible to prove that God exists.無法證明上帝存在。 prove + sb. +adj.It would give me great pleasure to prove Sam wrong. 證明薩姆錯了我將感到非常高興。Can you prove_her_innocence? 你能證明她的清白嗎？ linkv. 證明是，顯示出是重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 單單 詞詞 prove (to be) sth. / adj.He proves_the_worlds_best_car_racer. 他證實是世界第一的賽車手。Working at home proved a real advantage after my son was born. 我兒子出生后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)在家工作真的非常便利。Your computer experience should prove to be useful. 你的計算機(jī)運(yùn)用經(jīng)驗會表明是有用的。 prove oneself 證明某人的實力重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語1、 辨析 as well as, as well (1)as well as作為習(xí)語用作介詞時， 其含義是“還有”、 “不但而且”。在A as well as B的結(jié)構(gòu)里，語意的重點(diǎn)在 A，不在 B。He can speak Spanish as well as English. 他不但會說英語，而且會講西班牙語。 as well as用作連詞引出比較從句，其義為“和一樣好”。 語意的重點(diǎn)依舊在前部。He speaks_Spanish_as_well_as_English. 他說西班牙語像說英語一樣好。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語 用于主語之后，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式跟它前面的主語保持一致。The students, as well as their teacher, are_all_excited at the news. 聽到這個消息，學(xué)生們和老師都感到興奮。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語(2) as well 單獨(dú)使用于句尾表示“也”，相當(dāng)于also, 但不能用于否定句。He is a host and a writer as well. 他既是一位主持人又是一位作家。 可構(gòu)成短語might/ may as well “不妨”“還是為好”，后可直接跟動詞原形。You may_as_well try it again. 你不妨再試一試。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語In addition to English, he has to study a second language. He has to study a second language as_well_as English. He has to study English and a second language as_well.重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語There is nothing to do, so I _ in the office and wait for the manager to come back.A. may as well to stay B. may as well stayingC. may as well stay D. may as well stayed C 句意：沒有別的辦法，因此我只好待在辦公室等經(jīng)理回來。 may / might as well do sth.意思是“還是做某事好”、“不如做某事”。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語My sister, as well as her classmates who _ late for class, _ criticized by Mr. Hunt.A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were; were A 由于定語從句中的主謂一致是由先行詞決定的，所以前面一空和her classmates一致，用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞的形式；當(dāng)as well as并列連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)由as well as前面那個主語決定，即：my sister，所以用單數(shù)。 重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語2、 pay off 成功，帶來好結(jié)果；還清；結(jié)清工資，解雇(某 人) It took Tom ten years to pay_off_his_debt. 湯姆花了10年才將債務(wù)還清。Did your plan pay off? 你的計劃成功了嗎？The director paid off the crew of the ship. 負(fù)責(zé)人付清了全體船員工資并解雇了他們。Ten years of hard work finally_paid_off. 十年的辛勞終于有了回報。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語pay v. 付(款)；付清(賬單、債務(wù))；有利可 圖，值得(麻煩)，合算pay n. 工資；薪金；津貼pay a visit 訪問pay a call 拜會pay ones respects 致敬pay attention to 注意pay back (= pay off, pay out, serve out) 償還,償付；報復(fù)pay sb. some money for/ pay sb. for sth. / pay some money for sth.為而支付 重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語We should manage to _ the debt within two years.A. pay for B. pay outC. pay over D. pay off D 句意為“我們要在兩年內(nèi)把債務(wù)都還清?！?pay for 為支付； pay out 花費(fèi)，支出； pay 一般不與over搭配，pay off 還清，償清，故選D。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語3、 辨析 manage to do, try to do, try doing(1)manage to do 意為“設(shè)法做成了某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào) 其結(jié)果是成功的。(2)try to do意為“盡力做某事”，但是不一定成功。(3)try doing sth. 試著做某事；嘗試做He managed_to_do the operation with very little help. 在沒有多少幫助的情況下，他設(shè)法把手術(shù)做成功了。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語He tried_to_pass the exam, but he failed. 他努力想通過考試，但是失敗了。Lets try_knocking_at the back door. 咱們敲后邊的門試試。In spite of these insults, she managed_not_to get angry. 盡管遭受到這些侮辱，她忍著沒發(fā)火。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語4、 have something to do with 根據(jù)意義表達(dá)的需要，something 可換成nothing，much，little，a lot等詞。Did the old man have anything to do with the accident? 這個老人與這起事故有關(guān)嗎？ 表達(dá)“和有關(guān)”的意思，還可用relate to, be related to, be connected with, be linked to, be concerned with。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語This suspect insisted that he _ to do_ the murder. He said he was at home the whole night watching TV.A. had nothing； forB. have anything； withC. had nothing； withD. have anything； on重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語 C insist作“堅持說，力言”時，后面的從句用陳述語氣；作“堅決要求”時，后面的從句用虛擬語氣，即should + 動詞原形，should可以省略。 句意：這個嫌疑人力言他與這起謀殺案無關(guān)。他說他整晚在家看電視。 have nothing to do with“和無關(guān)”。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語5、辨析 result in，result from result in 導(dǎo)致，造成，產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果 result from 產(chǎn)生于,由引起，緣于Drug abuse will_result_in_worse_health. 濫用毒品會導(dǎo)致體質(zhì)降低。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語 resultant adj. 因而發(fā)生的，必然產(chǎn)生的；合成的 as a result = as a consequence 因而，結(jié)果；作為結(jié)果 as a result of 由于的原因 表原因的介詞短語還有： because of, on account of, owing to, due to, thanks to重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語Last night, their house was broken into. _, they suffered heavy losses.A. Result in B. As a resultC. Result from D. As a result of B 句意：昨晚，有人闖入他們家。結(jié)果，他們遭受巨大損失。A、C為動詞短語，作謂語；B接結(jié)果；D接原因。重重 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 短短 語語Jenny nearly missed the flight _ doing too much shopping. A. as a result of B. on top ofC. in front of D. in need of A 句意：由于購物花費(fèi)時間太多，珍妮差點(diǎn)錯過航班?？疾榻樵~短語辨析。A由于；B在之上；C在前面；D需要。疑疑 難難 句句 型型1、If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death. 如果把病毒吸入了，就可能生病甚至死亡。 If breathed in是過去分詞作條件狀語，這里相當(dāng)于if the viruses are breathed in。當(dāng)從句的主語和主句的主語一致，從句又有be動詞，或從句主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是it is時，常省略從句的主語和be動詞。疑疑 難難 句句 型型If heated, water will turn into steam.If water is heated, it will turn into steam. 水如果受熱就會變成水蒸氣。When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.When he was asked why he went there, heflight. 當(dāng)被問及他為什么去那兒時，他回答說他是被送去那兒為太空航行作訓(xùn)練的。疑疑 難難 句句 型型Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time practising playing the piano.A. being tired B. tiringC. tired D. to be tired C “每天晚餐后，如果工作不是很累，我會花一些時間練習(xí)彈鋼琴?！笨疾榉侵^語動詞作狀語。從句補(bǔ)充完整為If I am not tired主句和從句主語一致，省略主語和be動詞，又因該句的動作為經(jīng)常發(fā)生，所以排除A、D。疑疑 難難 句句 型型2、Although Yang did not actually get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him his position as Chinas first astronaut. 楊雖然實際上并沒有在每門測試中得最高分，但是是他的心理測試最高分使得他最終贏得中國第一宇航員的位置。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was (not)+ 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that + 未被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。強(qiáng)調(diào)人時that可換為who。 It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr Smith.正是在新西蘭伊麗莎白第一次見到了史密斯先生。 It was not he but I that/who was to blame.要怪的不是他，是我。疑疑 難難 句句 型型 (2) 一般疑問句：Is/Was + it + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that + 未被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分?Was it yesterday that you saw a foreigner in the park?你在公園見到一個外國人是在昨天嗎？ (3) 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+ is/was + it + that + 未被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分?Who was it that was to blame?這件事到底該怪誰？疑疑 難難 句句 型型It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. whichC. that D. where C “沿著密西西比河，馬克吐溫度過了許多童年時光?！笨疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型。本句強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語，故選C。疑疑 難難 句句 型型It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. A. that B. whenC. while D. as A “直到午夜他們才到達(dá)野營地。”考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。本句對not until連接的時間狀語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。