DICKENS LONDONReading practiceWhat do you expect the writer to say according to the title?FAST-READING Read the passage and find the answers to these questions. 1) What is the main idea of the passage? 2) What text type is the passage? 3) How many aspects of the city are described in Dickens novels and what are they? CHOOSE THE SENTENCE WHICH BEST EXPRESSES ITS MAIN IDEA.a) Dickens cast of characters lived in London, the largest and richest city in the world.b) Every chapter of his novels describes the sights, sounds, and smells of the city, and provides a social commentary of London life.c) In the middle of the 19th century, London was a filthy city for rich and poor people alike.d) London is very different today, and few people mourn the passing of the old city.WHAT TEXT TYPE IS THE PASSAGE?a) a narrativeb) a descriptionc) an argument HOW MANY ASPECTS OF THE CITY ARE DESCRIBED IN DICKENS NOVELS AND WHAT ARE THEY? Pollution of the cityThe poorest district, The East EndThe business and financial district of LondonServants and maidsThe theatre district of the city, The West EndTRY TO DRAW A MAP OF LONDON USING THE INFORMATION IN THE PASSAGEPay attention to the following locations: the East End, river Thames, the main port, Southwark, the Old City, Further West, Somerest House, Law Courts, the West EndCAREFUL-READING Few people had a good standard of living because a) the tax payers didnt care about them b) the city was polluted c) there were huge numbers of poor people d) the wealth was distributed unfairly among the populationPoverty was so severe thata)some people were ill because they didnt have enough to eatb)children wore rags for schoolc)the river became polluted and caused disease and deathd) it was dangerous to swallow the water if you fell in the riverThe port of London was where a)the districts of the East End and Southwark wereb)the poorest people livedc)men queued for work every dayd)Ships came from all over the world to load and unload their goodsThe old City of London wasa)The business and financial district of Londonb)where Dickens livedc)where the Law Courts and many restaurants and squares wered) Dickens set his stories The further west you went in Dickens London a) the more Dickens felt at home b) the richer and more important the people who lived there were c) the safer it was to walk at night d) the less it looks like London today Language focus VOCABULARY castCommentaryfilthySparrowSmogSeagullRagDustbinTaxpayercompass演職員表演職員表實(shí)況報(bào)道；評(píng)論實(shí)況報(bào)道；評(píng)論骯臟的；下流的骯臟的；下流的麻雀麻雀=smoke + fog海鷗海鷗破布；破布；pl破舊衣服破舊衣服=Garbage canA person who pays taxYou use this to find directionAnchorTrialPumpMaidMistressDistributeUnfairlyAlikechoke錨錨法庭，審判法庭，審判泵泵女傭女傭女主人；情婦女主人；情婦分配分配不公平地不公平地Adv. 相同，一樣，相似相同，一樣，相似Vi/vt. （使）窒息（使）窒息InhabitantSwallowAttainNutritionStarvationWelfareFeel at homeHumblemourn居民居民v. 吞吞v. 獲得（較獲得（較formal）n. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)Noun of starve福利；幸福健康福利；幸福健康感到自由自在感到自由自在謙虛的；謙卑的謙虛的；謙卑的v. 哀悼哀悼Language points:1. escape v逃走；逃離；逃脫；擺脫逃走；逃離；逃脫；擺脫1) vt. escape punishmentbeing punished逃過(guò)懲罰逃過(guò)懲罰escape doing (doing多用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)多用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)being done)逃過(guò)逃過(guò)2) vi. escape from/out of(從從)逃走，逃出逃走，逃出旅客們盡力從燃燒的大樓中逃出來(lái)。旅客們盡力從燃燒的大樓中逃出來(lái)。The hotel guests tried their best to escape from the burning building.3) n.逃亡，逃離逃亡，逃離have a narrow escape2. intend vt.想要，打算，意欲想要，打算，意欲(1)intend to do sth.打算做某事打算做某事She intended to explain but the look on your face suggested “NO”她打算作解釋，但你臉上的表情拒她打算作解釋，但你臉上的表情拒絕了她。絕了她。(2) had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事，但本打算做某事，但 I had intended to give you a hand，but I was busy then.我本來(lái)打算幫助你的，但我當(dāng)時(shí)很忙。我本來(lái)打算幫助你的，但我當(dāng)時(shí)很忙。(3) intend.for.或或be intended for.為為而而(做、建等做、建等)，供，供用、看等用、看等I intended these flowers for your mother.我要把這些花送給你媽媽。我要把這些花送給你媽媽。This dictionary is intended for children.這本詞典是給小孩用的。這本詞典是給小孩用的。3. cast n. all the actors in a play/ film the cast list 演員表演員表 v. cast- cast- cast to throw sth. on purpose or with force 扔，拋，投擲扔，拋，投擲 The fisherman cast the net into the water. cast your net wide 撒開大網(wǎng)撒開大網(wǎng) 4. distribute v. 分發(fā)分發(fā) distribute sth. to/ among sb. The volunteers distributed mooncakes to/ among the orphans. distribution n. 1）分發(fā)）分發(fā) the distribution of books/ relief goods 2）分布）分布 The distribution of good public schools in Chengdu is not even. 5. sight n. 1) U 視力視力 = eyesight have good/ bad sight 視力好視力好/壞壞 short/ near-sighted 近視的近視的 long/ far-sighted 遠(yuǎn)視的遠(yuǎn)視的 lose ones sight 失明失明 2) Uthe action of seeing 看；看見看；看見 We burst into laughter at the sight of his strange hairstyle. at the sight of = when seeing Romeo fell in love with Juliet at first sight. love at first sight 一見鐘情一見鐘情 catch sight of sth. 看見看見 3）U視野；視野； 視線范圍視線范圍 in/ out of sight Out of sight; out of mind.4) C sth. that is seen 景象景象 The crime scene is a terrifying sight.5) sights (pl.) sth. worth seeing by a tourist 風(fēng)景名勝風(fēng)景名勝 the sights of Chengdu/ London go sightseeing 7. swallow v. let sth. go down your throat 吞下，咽下吞下，咽下 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. -Sir Francis Bacon 8. attain an acceptable standard of living 1）attain= getobtaingain 2）生活水平：）生活水平： standard of living/ living standard(s) enjoy a high standard of living= enjoy high living standards 在過(guò)去的在過(guò)去的10年中，人們的生活水平有了極大改善。年中，人們的生活水平有了極大改善。Peoples standard of living has improved a lot over the past 10 years.9. concern 1） n. worry/ anxiety 擔(dān)心，憂慮擔(dān)心，憂慮 Food security has long been a subject of public concern. (sth.) be of great(no) concern to sb. 讓某人（不）擔(dān)心，憂慮讓某人（不）擔(dān)心，憂慮Food security is of great concern to the public. 2）v. (sb.) be concerned about for sth. 對(duì)對(duì) 感到感到擔(dān)心，憂慮擔(dān)心，憂慮 be concerned with 與與有關(guān)有關(guān) The public are concerned about food security.我們都非常關(guān)心他的健康。我們都非常關(guān)心他的健康。We are all very much concerned about his health.as far as sb. be concerned 就就而言而言As we all know，parents are concerned _ their childrens study，because it is concerned _ their future.Afor；about Babout；forCabout；with Dwith；about10. South of London lies Southwark, another poor district.In the old City are housed the many banks and corporations which Dickens mentions.Further west and opposite Southwark stands Somerset House, where Dickens father worked for the nary.Close by are the law courts, where lawyers and clerks, carrying piles of paperwork, would hurry to the trials.11. accomplish v. succeed in doing sth. 完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)accomplish a task/ ones aim/ ones goalaccomplishment n. 1) 完成完成Her accomplishment of the task made her boss satisfied.What does it feel like after an accomplishment like that? 2）成就）成就 = achievement