第4講動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語1. (2013浙江高考浙江高考)When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure toit with important points. A. conclude B. lead C. avoid D. hold【解析解析】選選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 當(dāng)小組討論接近尾聲時(shí)當(dāng)小組討論接近尾聲時(shí), 一定要以重點(diǎn)而結(jié)束。一定要以重點(diǎn)而結(jié)束。conclude結(jié)束結(jié)束; lead指導(dǎo)指導(dǎo), 指引指引; avoid避避免免; hold抓住抓住, 握住。故選握住。故選A。2. (2013江蘇高考江蘇高考)The town is so beautiful! I just love it. Me too. The character of the town is well. A. qualified B. preservedC. decorated D. simplified【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: 這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)真美這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)真美!我很我很喜歡。喜歡。我也一樣。這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的特色保持得很好。我也一樣。這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的特色保持得很好。qualify有資格有資格, 合格合格; preserve保護(hù)保護(hù), 保持保持, 腌制腌制; decorate裝飾裝飾; simplify使簡(jiǎn)化。使簡(jiǎn)化。3. (2013天津高考天津高考)If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing toa hand. A. lend B. shakeC. waveD. want【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意: 如果你有困難如果你有困難, 邁克總邁克總是愿意伸出援手。是愿意伸出援手。lend借借; shake搖動(dòng)搖動(dòng); wave揮手揮手; want想。想。lend a hand幫忙。幫忙。4. (2013新新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Try not to cough more than you cansince it may cause problems to your lungs. A. checkB. allowC. stop D. help【解析解析】選選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 盡量能控制咳嗽就別咳盡量能控制咳嗽就別咳嗽嗽, 因?yàn)闀?huì)傷到肺。因?yàn)闀?huì)傷到肺。check檢查檢查; allow允許允許; stop停止停止; help幫助。幫助。can help(doing)sth. 表示表示“阻止或避免阻止或避免(做做)某事某事”。5. (2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)The watch was very good, and he20 percent down for it. A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 這塊表很好這塊表很好, 他八折買他八折買的。的。pay +money +for sth. 為某物付多少錢為某物付多少錢; cost表示表示“花費(fèi)花費(fèi)”時(shí)時(shí), 主語是物不是人主語是物不是人; buy sb. sth. /buy sth. for sb. 為某人買某為某人買某物物; spend +money+on sth. /in doing sth. 在某物在某物/做某事上花多做某事上花多少錢。故選少錢。故選A。6. (2013江西高考江西高考)Shethe carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. A. connected B. fittedC. equipped D. matched【解析解析】選選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 在顏色上在顏色上, 她把地毯和她把地毯和好看的窗簾搭配起來。好看的窗簾搭配起來。connect聯(lián)系聯(lián)系, 連接連接; fit安裝安裝; equip裝備裝備; match相稱相稱, 搭配。根據(jù)句意搭配。根據(jù)句意, 選選D。7. (2013福建高考福建高考)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher whichspending quite a lot of time with students. A. enjoys B. involvesC. practices D. suggests【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 米歇爾找到了一份當(dāng)高米歇爾找到了一份當(dāng)高中老師的工作中老師的工作, 這份工作涉及和學(xué)生一起度過許多時(shí)間。這份工作涉及和學(xué)生一起度過許多時(shí)間。involve包含包含, 涉及涉及; enjoy享受享受, 喜歡喜歡; practice練習(xí)練習(xí); suggest建建議議, 暗示。暗示。8. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)While intelligent people can oftenthe complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. A. sacrifice B. substituteC. simplify D. survive【解析解析】選選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 智者經(jīng)常能夠簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜智者經(jīng)常能夠簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的問題的問題, 而愚人更可能把簡(jiǎn)單的事情復(fù)雜化。而愚人更可能把簡(jiǎn)單的事情復(fù)雜化。sacrifice犧牲犧牲; substitute替代替代, 頂替頂替; simplify簡(jiǎn)化簡(jiǎn)化; survive幸存下來。根據(jù)句幸存下來。根據(jù)句意可知選意可知選C項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。9. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)According to the law, all foreigners have towith the local police within two weeks of arrival. A. associate B. disputeC. negotiate D. register【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 依據(jù)法律依據(jù)法律, 所有的外國(guó)人所有的外國(guó)人在到達(dá)后的兩周內(nèi)必須到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀肿?cè)登記。在到達(dá)后的兩周內(nèi)必須到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀肿?cè)登記。associate聯(lián)聯(lián)系系, 結(jié)交結(jié)交; dispute爭(zhēng)論爭(zhēng)論; negotiate談判談判; register登記登記, 注冊(cè)。根據(jù)注冊(cè)。根據(jù)句意可知選句意可知選D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。10. (2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Would you like towith us to the film tonight? A. come along B. come offC. come across D. come through【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 今晚你愿意和我們今晚你愿意和我們一起去看電影嗎一起去看電影嗎? come along一起來一起來, 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn), 進(jìn)展進(jìn)展, 趕快趕快; come off實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)現(xiàn), 舉行舉行; come across被理解被理解, 偶然碰到偶然碰到; come through傳傳出出, 恢復(fù)。恢復(fù)。11. (2013浙江高考浙江高考)Bearsfat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep. A. pack up B. build upC. bring up D. take up【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 熊在整個(gè)夏天和秋熊在整個(gè)夏天和秋天積蓄脂肪以便有足夠的精力度過冬眠期。天積蓄脂肪以便有足夠的精力度過冬眠期。pack up停止停止, 收收工工; build up逐漸增加逐漸增加; bring up撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng), 使使長(zhǎng)大長(zhǎng)大; take up開開始從事始從事, 占據(jù)占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間等時(shí)間、空間等)。故選。故選B。12. (2013天津高考天津高考)I had hoped to take a holiday this year, but I wasnt able to. A. get away B. drop inC. check out D. hold on【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 我原本希望今年去我原本希望今年去度假的度假的, 但是我沒能休假。但是我沒能休假。get away離開離開, 逃脫逃脫, 休假休假; drop in(順便順便)拜訪拜訪; check out檢查檢查, 結(jié)賬離開結(jié)賬離開; hold on堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持, 別掛斷。別掛斷。根據(jù)句意選根據(jù)句意選A。13. (2013陜西高考陜西高考)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has. A. cut out B. cut downC. cut up D. cut off【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 我叔叔一直沒能把我叔叔一直沒能把煙戒掉煙戒掉, 但是至少他抽煙少了。但是至少他抽煙少了。cut out停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn), 刪去刪去; cut down砍倒砍倒, 縮減縮減; cut up切碎切碎; cut off切斷切斷, 切除。根據(jù)句意切除。根據(jù)句意, 應(yīng)應(yīng)選選B。14. (2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)At the last moment, Tom decided toa new character to make the story seem more likely. A. put up B. put inC. put on D. put off【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 在最后一刻在最后一刻, 湯姆湯姆決定添加一個(gè)新的角色以使故事感覺更真實(shí)。決定添加一個(gè)新的角色以使故事感覺更真實(shí)。put up舉起舉起, 建建立立; put in加入加入, 放入放入; put on穿上穿上, 上演上演; put off推遲。推遲。15. (2013安徽高考安徽高考)Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before theyon their life journey. A. give up B. settle downC. get through D. set off【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為, 大學(xué)大學(xué)生舉行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開始生活之旅之前為自己加油生舉行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開始生活之旅之前為自己加油助威。助威。set off動(dòng)身動(dòng)身, 出發(fā)出發(fā); give up放棄放棄; settle down定居定居, 平靜平靜下來下來, 專心于專心于; get through完成完成, 接通接通(電話等電話等)。16. (2013遼寧高考遼寧高考)Briggs willas general manager when Mitchell retires. A. get away B. take overC. set off D. run out【解析解析】選選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: Mitchell退休后退休后Briggs將接替她任總經(jīng)理。將接替她任總經(jīng)理。get away離開離開, 脫身脫身, 逃掉逃掉; take over接替接替, 接管接管; set off動(dòng)身動(dòng)身, 出發(fā)出發(fā); run out用光用光, 用盡。用盡。17. (2013江西高考江西高考)Mother always complains that childrentheir shoes very quickly. A. find out B. wash outC. wear out D. set out【解析解析】選選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 母親總是抱怨孩子母親總是抱怨孩子們把鞋穿破得太快了。們把鞋穿破得太快了。find out找出找出, 查明查明; wash out洗干凈洗干凈, 洗掉洗掉; wear out穿破穿破; set out動(dòng)身動(dòng)身, 出發(fā)。出發(fā)。18. (2013江蘇高考江蘇高考)Team leaders must ensure that all memberstheir natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look overC. take over D. come over【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該確保團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該確保所有成員克服他們的想避免因犯錯(cuò)而產(chǎn)生尷尬的天性。所有成員克服他們的想避免因犯錯(cuò)而產(chǎn)生尷尬的天性。get over克服克服, 解決解決; look over查看查看, 檢查檢查; take over接管接管, 接任接任; come over過來過來, 順便來訪順便來訪, 改變立場(chǎng)。改變立場(chǎng)。19. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)In much of the animal world, night is the timefor sleeppure and simple. A. set aside B. set downC. set off D. set up【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 在動(dòng)物世界里在動(dòng)物世界里, 夜夜晚是專門留出睡覺的時(shí)間晚是專門留出睡覺的時(shí)間純粹而簡(jiǎn)單。純粹而簡(jiǎn)單。set aside(專門專門)留留出出, 撥出撥出; set down寫下寫下, 記下記下; set off動(dòng)身動(dòng)身, 出發(fā)出發(fā), 引起引起, 引爆引爆; set up建立。根據(jù)句意可知選建立。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。20. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)Butterfliesa sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect. A. carry on B. feed onC. put on D. focus on【解析解析】選選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 蝴蝶食用花朵分泌蝴蝶食用花朵分泌的甜汁的甜汁, 這是蜜蜂和其他昆蟲采集的東西。這是蜜蜂和其他昆蟲采集的東西。carry on繼續(xù)繼續(xù), 堅(jiān)堅(jiān)持持; feed on以以為主食為主食; put on穿上穿上, 上演上演; focus on聚焦聚焦, 集集中。根據(jù)句意可知選中。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。21. (2013福建高考福建高考)Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networksin disasters. A. turn down B. turn outC. break down D. break out【解析解析】選選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 當(dāng)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)在災(zāi)難當(dāng)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)在災(zāi)難中出故障的時(shí)候中出故障的時(shí)候, 老式手機(jī)就派上用場(chǎng)了。老式手機(jī)就派上用場(chǎng)了。break down(機(jī)器機(jī)器等等)壞了壞了, 出毛病了出毛病了, (人人)身體垮了身體垮了, 失敗失敗, 分解分解; turn down(將音將音量等量等)調(diào)低調(diào)低, 拒絕拒絕; turn out結(jié)果是結(jié)果是, 證明是證明是; break out爆發(fā)爆發(fā), 突突然發(fā)生。然發(fā)生。熱點(diǎn)考向熱點(diǎn)考向 1 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 1. 主要考點(diǎn)主要考點(diǎn): 考查常見動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的情境化考查常見動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的情境化, 把把動(dòng)詞放在鮮活的語境中進(jìn)行考查。動(dòng)詞放在鮮活的語境中進(jìn)行考查。2. 突破技巧突破技巧: 這類試題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往結(jié)構(gòu)相同這類試題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往結(jié)構(gòu)相同, 詞形或意義詞形或意義相近。要做好這類試題相近。要做好這類試題, 必須從各個(gè)動(dòng)詞的語意差別、用法特必須從各個(gè)動(dòng)詞的語意差別、用法特點(diǎn)等方面入手點(diǎn)等方面入手, 然后結(jié)合題意選用合適的動(dòng)詞。然后結(jié)合題意選用合適的動(dòng)詞。【真題變式真題變式】根據(jù)提示完成句子。根據(jù)提示完成句子。(2012天津高考天津高考)Parents and children should communicate more to _(縮小他們之間的隔縮小他們之間的隔閡閡)so that they can understand each other better. (2011江蘇高考江蘇高考)Are you still mad at her? Not really, but I _(不能否認(rèn)不能否認(rèn))that her remarks hurtme. narrow the gap between themcant deny熱點(diǎn)考向熱點(diǎn)考向 2 高頻動(dòng)詞短語意義辨析高頻動(dòng)詞短語意義辨析 主要考點(diǎn)主要考點(diǎn): 對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語意義的考查主要集中于高頻的動(dòng)詞短語對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語意義的考查主要集中于高頻的動(dòng)詞短語, 如如break, bring, call, come, get, go, make, take, turn, put, pick, hold, keep, look, carry, set, cut, show, pull等構(gòu)成的短語需要特等構(gòu)成的短語需要特別關(guān)注別關(guān)注: 1. breakbreak away from放棄放棄, 打破打破; 與與脫離關(guān)系脫離關(guān)系break down 發(fā)生故障發(fā)生故障; (計(jì)劃、談判計(jì)劃、談判)失敗失敗; (精神、身體精神、身體)垮掉垮掉; 分解分解break in 闖入闖入, 插嘴插嘴break into 闖入闖入break out (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、瘟疫等戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、瘟疫等)爆發(fā)爆發(fā), 突然發(fā)生突然發(fā)生break up 打碎打碎, 分手分手, 分開分開, 關(guān)系破裂關(guān)系破裂2. bringbring about 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致, 造成造成, 引起引起bring down使倒下使倒下, 使降低使降低bring in引進(jìn)引進(jìn); 帶來帶來; 賺得賺得; 收獲收獲bring forward 提出提出; 提前提前bring out出版出版; 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn); 使顯現(xiàn)使顯現(xiàn)bring up撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng), 教育教育; 提出提出; 嘔吐嘔吐3. callcall for 要求要求; 需要需要; 去取或去接去取或去接call back 回電話回電話; 回憶起回憶起call in 召集召集; 請(qǐng)請(qǐng); 召來召來; 順便來訪順便來訪call up 打電話給打電話給; 召集召集; 使想起使想起call off 取消取消call on 號(hào)召號(hào)召, 拜訪拜訪4. comecome about發(fā)生發(fā)生come to蘇醒蘇醒; 總計(jì)總計(jì)come across偶遇偶遇; 無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)come true實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)現(xiàn), 成為現(xiàn)實(shí)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)(不及物不及物)come out出版出版; 結(jié)果是結(jié)果是come up(建議、計(jì)劃等建議、計(jì)劃等)被提出被提出come up with提出提出(建議、計(jì)劃、方案等建議、計(jì)劃、方案等)come on口語口語(催促催促)快點(diǎn)快點(diǎn); (鼓勵(lì)鼓勵(lì))來吧來吧, 加油加油; (不耐煩不耐煩)得了得了, 算了吧算了吧!5. getget across 解釋清楚解釋清楚; 使使被理解被理解get away from 避免避免; 擺脫擺脫, 逃離逃離get away with 僥幸成功僥幸成功; 僥幸做成僥幸做成get around 四處走動(dòng)四處走動(dòng); 傳播開來傳播開來get down to 開始認(rèn)真做某事開始認(rèn)真做某事get along/on with進(jìn)展進(jìn)展; 與與相處相處get over 克服克服; 從從恢復(fù)或康復(fù)恢復(fù)或康復(fù)get rid of 擺脫擺脫; 除去除去get through 通過通過; 完成完成; 接通電話接通電話6. givegive away 贈(zèng)送贈(zèng)送; 泄露泄露; 分發(fā)分發(fā)give back 歸還歸還give in 屈服屈服; 讓步讓步; 投降投降; 認(rèn)輸認(rèn)輸give out 分發(fā)分發(fā); 發(fā)出發(fā)出; 公布公布, 發(fā)表發(fā)表; 用盡用盡; 筋疲力盡筋疲力盡give up 放棄放棄, 對(duì)對(duì)不再抱有希望不再抱有希望7. gogo against違背違背; 不利于不利于; 反對(duì)反對(duì)go ahead開始開始(做某事做某事); (表示同意對(duì)方提出的要求或表示同意對(duì)方提出的要求或 建議建議)說吧說吧!做吧做吧!開始吧開始吧!go around參觀參觀; (消息消息)傳播傳播go by 過去過去; 經(jīng)過經(jīng)過go down下降下降; 下沉下沉go on 繼續(xù)繼續(xù); 發(fā)生發(fā)生; 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行g(shù)o over 復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí), 仔細(xì)檢查仔細(xì)檢查go through 穿過穿過; 經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷; 仔細(xì)檢查仔細(xì)檢查go with 與與相配相配go without 沒有沒有也行也行8. handhand down傳下來傳下來; 傳給傳給; 世代相傳世代相傳hand out分發(fā)分發(fā); 散發(fā)散發(fā); 施舍施舍hand over交出交出; 移交移交9. holdhold back 猶豫不決猶豫不決; 隱瞞隱瞞; 阻止阻止; 抑制抑制hold on=hang on別掛斷電話別掛斷電話; 等一會(huì)兒等一會(huì)兒; 堅(jiān)持下去堅(jiān)持下去hold out 堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持; 伸出伸出hold up 舉起舉起; 阻擋阻擋, 使耽擱使耽擱hold on to 緊緊抓住緊緊抓住; 保持保持, 保留保留; 不放棄不放棄10. keepkeep away from 遠(yuǎn)離遠(yuǎn)離; 避開避開; 回避回避keep back 扣下扣下, 留下留下; 隱瞞隱瞞; 抑制抑制, 克制克制(感情感情)keep on 繼續(xù)繼續(xù); 堅(jiān)持下去堅(jiān)持下去keep out of 置身于置身于之外之外; 不卷入不卷入, 不參與不參與; 避開避開keep up 保持保持; 繼續(xù)繼續(xù); 不低落不低落keep up with 跟上跟上, 不落后不落后; 與與并駕齊驅(qū)并駕齊驅(qū)keep an eye out for 密切注意密切注意; 留心留心; 警惕警惕keep an eye on 照看照看, 留意留意; 密切注視密切注視11. leaveleave alone 不打擾不打擾; 不理不理, 不管不管leave behind 留下留下; 丟下丟下, 丟棄丟棄leave out 遺漏遺漏, 忽略忽略12. looklook around 環(huán)顧四周環(huán)顧四周look away from把目光從把目光從移開移開look into 調(diào)查調(diào)查; 窺視窺視look back on/upon回憶回憶/回顧回顧look up 查找查找, 查詢查詢; 向上看向上看look up to 尊敬尊敬; 敬仰敬仰look down upon歧視歧視, 看不起看不起look forward to盼望盼望; 期待期待look through 瀏覽瀏覽; 快速查看快速查看look out(for) 當(dāng)心當(dāng)心, 留意留意, 小心小心look on 旁觀旁觀13. makemake use of利用利用make up組成組成; 編造編造; 化妝化妝; 和解和解make up for補(bǔ)償補(bǔ)償; 彌補(bǔ)彌補(bǔ)make for走向走向; 有助于有助于; 促成促成, 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致make sense有意義有意義; 有道理有道理; 講得通講得通make sense of 理解理解; 弄明白弄明白make out理解理解; 分辨出分辨出, 辨認(rèn)出辨認(rèn)出make it 成功成功; 成功到達(dá)某地成功到達(dá)某地; 把某事確定在某個(gè)時(shí)間把某事確定在某個(gè)時(shí)間14. paypay back 償還償還; 報(bào)答報(bào)答, 回報(bào)回報(bào)pay for 付款付款; 償還償還; 為為付出代價(jià)付出代價(jià)pay off 還清還清(債務(wù)債務(wù)); 努力取得成功努力取得成功; 取得好結(jié)果取得好結(jié)果, 得到回報(bào)得到回報(bào)15. pickpick up 拾起拾起; (無意中無意中)學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)會(huì); 開車接人開車接人(物物); 染上染上(疾病疾病, 不好的習(xí)慣不好的習(xí)慣); 接收接收; 恢復(fù)恢復(fù), 好轉(zhuǎn)好轉(zhuǎn); (跌倒后跌倒后)爬起來爬起來; 中斷后重新開中斷后重新開 始始(活動(dòng)、敘述等活動(dòng)、敘述等); 便宜地得到某物便宜地得到某物pick out 挑選出挑選出; 分辨出分辨出16. putput aside撇開撇開; 暫不考慮暫不考慮; 儲(chǔ)蓄儲(chǔ)蓄put away收拾收拾, 整理整理; 儲(chǔ)存儲(chǔ)存put back把把放回原處放回原處; 推遲推遲put forward提出提出; 撥快撥快put down記下記下, 寫下寫下, 鎮(zhèn)壓鎮(zhèn)壓put out 伸出伸出; 撲滅撲滅; 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn); 出版出版put up 建造建造, 張貼張貼; 提供住宿提供住宿put up with忍受忍受; 容忍容忍put on 穿上穿上, 增加增加, 上演上演17. runrun away from 逃跑逃跑; 逃離逃離; 從從逃出逃出run after 追趕追趕run out (不及物不及物)用完用完, 耗盡耗盡run out of (及物及物)用完用完, 耗盡耗盡run into 撞上撞上; 偶然碰見偶然碰見; 遭遇遭遇18. setset aside 劃出劃出; 留出留出; 撥出撥出set about doing sth. 著手做某事著手做某事set out 出發(fā)出發(fā), 動(dòng)身動(dòng)身set out to do sth. 著手做某事著手做某事set off 出發(fā)出發(fā), 動(dòng)身動(dòng)身; 引起引起; 使爆炸使爆炸set up 建立建立(組織、機(jī)構(gòu)組織、機(jī)構(gòu)), 創(chuàng)立創(chuàng)立19. turnturn away 走開走開; 轉(zhuǎn)過臉去轉(zhuǎn)過臉去turn down 拒絕拒絕; 關(guān)小關(guān)小, 調(diào)低調(diào)低turn up 開大開大; 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn), 到場(chǎng)到場(chǎng)turn out 結(jié)果是結(jié)果是, 證明是證明是; 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)turn over 把把翻過來翻過來; 翻閱翻閱, 仔細(xì)考慮仔細(xì)考慮turn against 反對(duì)反對(duì); 背叛背叛turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向轉(zhuǎn)向; 求助于求助于20. taketake after長(zhǎng)得像某人長(zhǎng)得像某人take apart拆開拆開; 拆卸拆卸take back收回收回, 撤銷撤銷take down記下記下; 拆卸拆卸; 取下取下take away帶走帶走, 拿走拿走, 剝奪剝奪take up 從事從事, 開始做開始做; 占據(jù)占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間時(shí)間、空間); 著手處理著手處理; 接著做接著做(停頓的事情停頓的事情, 如談話如談話)take in 吸收吸收; 接受接受; 理解理解, 欺騙欺騙take off 起飛起飛; 脫下脫下; 成功成功, 事業(yè)飛黃騰達(dá)事業(yè)飛黃騰達(dá)take on 呈現(xiàn)呈現(xiàn); 具有具有; 承擔(dān)承擔(dān); 雇用雇用take over 接管接管, 接收接收take advantage of 利用利用take it/things easy 放松放松, 別緊張別緊張take your time 慢慢來慢慢來, 別著急別著急take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事采取措施做某事take action 采取行動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)【真題變式真題變式】根據(jù)漢語提示用正確的動(dòng)詞短語完成句子。根據(jù)漢語提示用正確的動(dòng)詞短語完成句子。(2012全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _(記下記下)almost every word her teacher says. (2012福建高考福建高考)You had better _(留出留出)some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. put down/set down/write downset aside(2012陜西高考陜西高考)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _(出故障出故障, 出問題出問題). (2012浙江高考浙江高考)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _(開始準(zhǔn)備開始準(zhǔn)備)your business plan. broke downset out to prepare/set about preparing/beginto prepare(2012四川高考四川高考)Its surprising that your brother _ _(學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)會(huì))Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long. (2011四川高考四川高考)To get a better grade, you should _(復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí))the notes again before the test. (2011全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)I can _(忍受忍受)the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. pickedupgo overput up with熱點(diǎn)考向熱點(diǎn)考向 3 常見的系動(dòng)詞的用法常見的系動(dòng)詞的用法1. 表示變化類的系動(dòng)詞表示變化類的系動(dòng)詞, 如如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall, make等。等。2. 表示感覺類的系動(dòng)詞表示感覺類的系動(dòng)詞, 如如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。等。3. 表示狀態(tài)類的系動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)類的系動(dòng)詞, 如如keep, remain, stand, stay, lie等。等。4. 表示表示“像像”類系動(dòng)詞類系動(dòng)詞, 主要有主要有seem, appear, look, 表示表示“看看起來起來, 似乎似乎, 顯得顯得”。5. 此類系動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)此類系動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn): 只適用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)只適用于主動(dòng)語態(tài); 只用于一般時(shí)只用于一般時(shí)態(tài)態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí), 不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))?！菊骖}變式真題變式】理解下列句子中畫線詞的用法。理解下列句子中畫線詞的用法。(2012江西江西高考高考)We were all agreed that the cottage would make a perfect holiday home for the family. 【解析解析】句中句中make為系動(dòng)詞為系動(dòng)詞, 其后接名詞作表語其后接名詞作表語, 意為意為“變成變成, 成為成為”。(2010四川高考四川高考)Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what looks nice. 【解析解析】句中句中l(wèi)ooks為系動(dòng)詞為系動(dòng)詞, 其后接形容詞作表語其后接形容詞作表語, 意為意為“看看起來起來”。熱點(diǎn)考向熱點(diǎn)考向 4 動(dòng)詞的熟詞生義用法動(dòng)詞的熟詞生義用法 很多動(dòng)詞在不同的語境中有不同的意義很多動(dòng)詞在不同的語境中有不同的意義, 有的是經(jīng)常使用有的是經(jīng)常使用的意義的意義, 有些詞的一些意義學(xué)生不熟悉有些詞的一些意義學(xué)生不熟悉, 因此要進(jìn)行專門復(fù)習(xí)因此要進(jìn)行專門復(fù)習(xí), 它們是它們是: 1. abuse(熟義熟義: v. 濫用濫用)She is quite a successful career woman, but actually shes frequently abused by her husband at home. (生義生義: v. 虐待虐待)2. act(熟義熟義: v. &n. 行動(dòng)行動(dòng))It will take several hours before the drug really acts. (生義生義: vi. 起作用起作用)3. address(熟義熟義: n. 地址地址; vt. 寫地址寫地址)President Obama was scheduled to address the American people on the evening of May 7. (生義生義: vt. 向向做演說做演說)4. appreciate(熟義熟義: vt. 欣賞欣賞, 感激感激, 感謝感謝)They soon appreciated that it must be a well-designed trap. (生生義義: v. 意識(shí)到意識(shí)到)5. attend(熟義熟義: vt. 參加參加, 出席出席)With several patients to attend that night, the nurse felt very tired. (生義生義: vt. 照料照料, 照顧照顧)With three kids attending high school in the town, the couple had to work day and night to earn more money. (生義生義: vt. 上學(xué)上學(xué))6. count(熟義熟義: n. &v. 計(jì)數(shù)計(jì)數(shù), 數(shù)數(shù))It is not what you are thinking but what you are doing that counts. (生義生義: v. 重要重要, 有價(jià)值有價(jià)值)7. escape(熟義熟義: vi. 逃跑逃跑, 逃脫逃脫)I saw a familiar face in the crowd. However, his name escaped me for the moment. (生義生義: vt. 被忘掉被忘掉)The harmful gases are escaping from the pipe. (生義生義: vi. 泄漏泄漏, 漏出漏出)8. fail(熟義熟義: vi. 失敗失敗)Fresh vegetables used to fail in winter. (生義生義: vi. 不足不足, 缺乏缺乏)With time passing by, his memory is failing. (生義生義: vi. 衰退衰退)Try as the family might, they failed to find the lost child in the town. (生義生義: vi. 未能未能)9. introduce(熟義熟義: vt. 介紹介紹)When tomatoes were first introduced into Europe, they didnt accept them at all. (生義生義: vt. 引入引入)10. let(熟義熟義: vt. 讓讓, 允許允許)The couple decided to let a house in the town. (生義生義: vt. 租賃租賃)11. make(熟義熟義: vt. 制造制造)New laws have been made to protect the interests of the farmers. (生義生義: vt. 制定制定)He is making his own trouble by doing this. (生義生義: vt. 引起引起, 導(dǎo)導(dǎo)致致, 造成造成)She will make a great teacher. (生義生義: vt. 成為成為, 使形成使形成)12. matter(熟義熟義: n. 物質(zhì)物質(zhì), 原因原因, 事件事件)What matters is not your looks but your inner thoughts. (生義生義: vi. 有關(guān)系有關(guān)系, 重要重要)13. observe(熟義熟義: vt. 觀察觀察)Having lived abroad for many years, he still observed the old traditions and customs. (生義生義: vt. 遵守遵守)Every year, we will observe the traditional Spring Festival in different ways. (生義生義: vt. 慶祝慶祝)14. part(熟義熟義: n. 部分部分, 零件零件, 角色角色)The couple parted with each other after they quarreled with each other. (生義生義: vi. 分手分手, 分離分離)15. promise(熟義熟義: v. &n. 許諾許諾, 承諾承諾, 諾言諾言)The young man promises to be a great thinker in the future. (生義生義: vi. 有有的希望的希望, 有有的可能性的可能性)16. work(熟義熟義: v. & n. 工作工作)The medicine will soon work. (生義生義: vi. 起作用起作用)The machine works very well. (生義生義: vi. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))17. decline(熟義熟義: vt. 謝絕謝絕, 婉拒婉拒)The number of wild animals in the area is declining sharply due to illegal hunting. (生義生義: vi. 下降下降, 衰退衰退)【真題變式真題變式】正確理解下面畫線動(dòng)詞的含義。正確理解下面畫線動(dòng)詞的含義。(2012浙江高考浙江高考)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. 【解析解析】從本句中的從本句中的after reaching the highest level at 22可知可知, 這里指人的思維能力從這里指人的思維能力從27歲開始?xì)q開始“下降或衰退下降或衰退”。(2011全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 【解析解析】學(xué)生一般理解學(xué)生一般理解fail一詞意為一詞意為“失敗、不及格失敗、不及格, 未能做未能做成成”, 而在本句中而在本句中fail則意為則意為“衰弱衰弱, 減弱減弱, 消失消失, 衰退衰退”, 本句本句意為意為“威廉發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來越困難威廉發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來越困難, 因?yàn)樗囊暳﹂_始下降因?yàn)樗囊暳﹂_始下降”。【命題小試命題小試】請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容命制一道考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析的題目。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容命制一道考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析的題目。Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for the talent show dropped out at the last moment. 【參考答案參考答案】Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for the talent showat the last moment. A. left out B. got outC. passed out D. dropped out【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 理查德先生很失望理查德先生很失望, 很多報(bào)名參加這次才藝表演的學(xué)生很多報(bào)名參加這次才藝表演的學(xué)生, 在最后時(shí)刻退出了。在最后時(shí)刻退出了。leave out遺漏遺漏, 忽略忽略; get out出去出去, 離開離開, 逃脫逃脫; pass out昏倒昏倒, 失去知失去知覺覺; drop out退出退出, 輟學(xué)。故正確選項(xiàng)為輟學(xué)。故正確選項(xiàng)為D。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 1 動(dòng)詞詞義辨別不清動(dòng)詞詞義辨別不清 (母題母題)Id prefer tomy judgment until I find all the evidence. A. showB. expressC. passD. reserve【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意: 在找到所有的證據(jù)在找到所有的證據(jù)之前之前, 我寧愿保留我的意見。我寧愿保留我的意見。reserve保留保留; show顯示顯示, 展示展示, 放放映映; express表達(dá)表達(dá); pass穿過穿過, 通過通過, 經(jīng)過。經(jīng)過。 (變式變式)May Ia seat on the Nanjing train at 8: 30 this evening? Im afraid it will be crowded. A. reserve B. supplyC. acquire D. store【解析解析】選選A。前句句意。前句句意: 我可以在今晚我可以在今晚8點(diǎn)點(diǎn)30分開往南京的分開往南京的火車上預(yù)訂一個(gè)座位嗎火車上預(yù)訂一個(gè)座位嗎? reserve預(yù)訂。預(yù)訂?！菊`區(qū)點(diǎn)撥誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】reserve的一詞多義是解決本題的關(guān)鍵的一詞多義是解決本題的關(guān)鍵, 復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)要牢記復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)要牢記: 保留保留, 如在如在We reserve Sunday as our Family Day, and try our best not to schedule anything else on that day. 中中; 保存保存, 留出留出, 如如在在You must reserve your strength for the tennis final. 中中; 預(yù)預(yù)訂訂, 如在如在Please call ahead if you want to reserve a room. 中。中。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 2 語境理解不清語境理解不清, 造成短語誤用造成短語誤用 (母題母題)The policeto look into the case a week ago, but so far they havent found evidence that the man is guilty. A. set about B. set upC. set out D. set down【解析解析】選選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 警方一周前開始調(diào)警方一周前開始調(diào)查這一案件查這一案件, 但是到目前為止但是到目前為止, 他們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)男子犯罪他們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)男子犯罪的證據(jù)。的證據(jù)。set out to do sth. 開始做某事開始做某事, 符合句子語境。符合句子語境。set about需要跟需要跟doing sth. 表示表示“開始做某事開始做某事”; set up建立建立, 創(chuàng)立創(chuàng)立, 成立成立; set down寫下寫下, 記下。故選記下。故選C。 (變式變式)Joan was unhappy because the news about the earthquake striking her countryan attack of homesickness. A. set aside B. set outC. set about D. set off【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: Joan感到很不高興感到很不高興, 因?yàn)樗募亦l(xiāng)遭受地震襲擊的消息引起了她的思鄉(xiāng)之情。因?yàn)樗募亦l(xiāng)遭受地震襲擊的消息引起了她的思鄉(xiāng)之情。set aside留出留出, 把把擱在一邊擱在一邊; set out出發(fā)出發(fā), 起程起程; set about著手著手做某事做某事; set off引起引起, 激起。故本題正確答案為激起。故本題正確答案為D?！菊`區(qū)點(diǎn)撥誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】set aside留出留出(時(shí)間、金錢等時(shí)間、金錢等); 把把擱在一邊擱在一邊set out to do sth. =set about doing sth. 著手做某事著手做某事set off出發(fā)出發(fā), 動(dòng)身動(dòng)身; 引起引起, 激起激起易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 3 動(dòng)詞的熟詞生義用法誤用動(dòng)詞的熟詞生義用法誤用 (母題母題)(2011安徽高考安徽高考)As the story, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happensC. ends D. develops【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 隨著故事的展開隨著故事的展開, 那位那位奇特人物的真實(shí)情況被慢慢地揭示出來。奇特人物的真實(shí)情況被慢慢地揭示出來。develop發(fā)展發(fā)展, 展開。展開。 (變式變式)It was when Chuck Noland was deserted on a lonely island that he began tofriendship with a volleyball. A. preserve B. developC. keep D. value【解析解析】選選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意: 正是當(dāng)正是當(dāng)Chuck Noland被被拋在一個(gè)荒島上時(shí)拋在一個(gè)荒島上時(shí), 他開始和一只排球建立了友誼。他開始和一只排球建立了友誼。develop friendship with sb. 與某人建立友誼。與某人建立友誼。preserve保存保存, 保持保持; keep保持保持; value珍惜。珍惜?！菊`區(qū)點(diǎn)撥誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】develop 1. (2013合肥模擬合肥模擬)We need tofinding a different approach to discipline right now. A. set about B. break upC. become of D. keep off【解析解析】選選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 我們需要立刻著手我們需要立刻著手尋找一個(gè)不同的訓(xùn)練方法。尋找一個(gè)不同的訓(xùn)練方法。set about doing sth. 著手做某事著手做某事; break up打碎打碎, 解散解散; become of使遭遇使遭遇; keep off讓開讓開, 不接不接近近; 根據(jù)句意選根據(jù)句意選A。2. (2013天津天津模擬模擬)Changing the design of a new product maythe risk of its production in the market. A. bring about B. come aboutC. bring up D. come up【解析解析】選選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意: 改變一種新產(chǎn)品的設(shè)改變一種新產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)可能在市場(chǎng)上會(huì)對(duì)其生產(chǎn)造成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。計(jì)可能在市場(chǎng)上會(huì)對(duì)其生產(chǎn)造成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。bring about導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致, 產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)生; come about發(fā)生發(fā)生; bring up撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng), 教育教育, 吐出吐出; come up過來過來, 故正故正確答案為確答案為A。3. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature wasto Chinese writer Mo Yan, whose novel Red So