人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)u(píng)nit4知識(shí)清單詞匯短語(yǔ)Unit4范文背誦：How to keep good relationship with parents?Nowadays, parents may have high expectations of their children. They expect their children to go to good senior schools and universities and have a good future. They even hope their children can compete(競(jìng)爭(zhēng))and win .These expectations may cause them to push them so hard and don't allow their children to do what they like to do. Instead, they think the only job(that/which) their kids should do is studying and let their children take many after-school classes to learn exam skills, which may lead to misunderstanding and a generation gap. Do you know how to deal with this situation? Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap (消除代溝).First of all, try to put yourself in your parents5 shoes and try to understand your parents. Your parents offer you everything without expecting anything in return. You have no reason to argue with them. Second, we know that lack of communication is the cause of many problems. So try to communicate with them as often as you can to to have a better understanding of each other. You should explain to them that life shouldn't be just about grades. Free time activities like sports and hanging out with friends are important ,too. In addition, talk about your values(價(jià)值觀)and true feelings. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding what you really want might help them understand you better in life.Communication and love can make your family more harmonious. A good relationship with your parents can make you be a better and happier person!重要詞匯：1. allow:v.允許；準(zhǔn)許 allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事sb. be allowed to do sth.某人被允許做某事;allow doing sth允許做某事 ；allow for sb/sth考慮到。把。計(jì)算在內(nèi)allowable adj.允許的；容許的；allowance n.津貼，補(bǔ)助；We don't allow(smoke) here.My parents don't allow me(hang) out with my friends at night.In our school, students(allow) to use the mobile phones.2. learn to deal with the problem by yourself 學(xué)會(huì)自己處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題argue:爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵argue with sb. about /over sth.為某事與某人爭(zhēng)吵They are always arguingeach othermoney.他們彼此總是為錢爭(zhēng)吵。for/against sth/doing sth 論據(jù) ；論證 They d for the rights of women.argue（動(dòng)詞）areument（名詞）:爭(zhēng)吵 have an argument with sb abou/over sth 與某人爭(zhēng)吵；& 論據(jù) strong s for/against.拓展：quarrel n have a with sb/ between A and B&v 爭(zhēng)吵（-quarrelled &quarreled-） with sb. about/over sth.3. elder: adj.年紀(jì)較長(zhǎng)的 elder sister/brother 姐姐/哥哥elder son/daughter 大兒子/女兒Mybrother is two yearsthan me.我哥哥 比我大兩歲。4. offer: v.主動(dòng)提出；自愿給與 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.主動(dòng)把某物給某人 offer to do sth（主動(dòng)） 提出做某事The boy offered his seatan old lady on the crowded bus.The boy always offers（help） peopletrouble.5. communicate:v.交流；溝通 communicate with sb （better）與.（更好地）.溝通I often communicatemy friendsletter.communicate（v.）一communication（n. talk ） have a communication with sb .6. proper: adj.正確的； 恰當(dāng)?shù)?proper（adj.）-properly（adv.） plan time properly 反義詞：improperWe should solve the problem in a proper way.我們應(yīng)該用恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞浇鉀Q這個(gè)問(wèn)題。7. clear （adj.清楚的；晴朗的）-clearly （adv.清楚地）a clear day, you can see the top of the mountain.He explained it to me（clear）.8. return: n.&v I叫來(lái)；I口I去；返回 return sth to sb.= return sb. Sth=give sth back to sb.把某物歸還給某人return to + 地/點(diǎn)=get back to+地，點(diǎn)return to school=get back to school return home=get back home9. compete: v.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗 compete with/against sb.與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng) compete for 為奪取比賽；The two competitors will competeeach otherthe champion.Lots of studentsthe English speech, "ACT", last week.名詞形式：competition。!/at the）競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；比賽 competitor對(duì)手competitive adj.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的；compare: v.比較；對(duì)tL; compare A with B :將A和B比較（強(qiáng)調(diào)同類相比，發(fā)現(xiàn)不同之處） compare A to B:把A比作B（強(qiáng)調(diào)異類相比，說(shuō)明兩個(gè)事物的相同之處）Compare this bagthat one and you will find which one is better.People often compare the childrenflowers.comparison n.比較；對(duì)比；相比 comparative adj.比較的；相比的；比較而言的；比較級(jí)的continue:v.繼續(xù)存在；相當(dāng)于go on 短語(yǔ)有：continue to do/ doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事 he is very tired, he still continues working/to work.1. The rain continued/(fall) all afternoon.(這場(chǎng)雨一下午都下個(gè)不停。)LeTs continueour discussion. (.繼續(xù)討論"continue with sth. ” 繼續(xù)做某事)continuous adj.不斷的；持續(xù)的；連續(xù)的 continuously adv.10. crazy: adj.瘋狂狂熱；瘋狂的 be crazy about sth.:熱衷于； 迷戀于 crazily adv. craziness n.(他4'兩個(gè)者K不)are crazy about computer games. Instead, they like reading books.11. type n&v 類型；打字 typical adj.典型的15.提建議的常用句型：1)Why don5t you do.?Why don't you go and ask your teacher?2)Why not do .?Why ask your teacher for help ?3)Lefs do sth./Lefs not do sth.Lefs help them carry the box.4)What/ How about (doing )sth?What/How about going swimming?5)Would you like/love to do sth.?Would you like to go to the movies with us?6)You'd better do sth./YouM better not do sth.You'd better go to hospital at once.16. instead; instead of ; rather thaninstead adv.代替；頂替；反而;只能單獨(dú)使用?？晌挥诰涫?連接上下句，也可位于句末。instead of是介詞短語(yǔ)， 而不是，+n/pron/doing翻譯：你不應(yīng)該放棄，相反地，你應(yīng)該盡你最大的努力來(lái)把它漂漂亮亮地完成。You shouldn't give up, instead, you should try your best to finish it well.你應(yīng)該盡力完成它而不是放棄。You should try your best to finish it instead of giving up.注意： He often walks here instead of driving here. =He often walks here rather than drives here rather than是一個(gè)并列連詞，"would rather do.than do."句式，意思是“寧愿而不愿"，=prefer to do sth rather than do sthShe'd rather die than lose the children.她寧愿死也不愿失去孩子們。1. rather than不與would連用時(shí)，表示客觀事實(shí)，意為“是而不是；與其倒不如說(shuō)”。它是連詞，它前后的成分在詞性上應(yīng)該一致，它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞(短 語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞、分句、不定式、動(dòng)詞等?，F(xiàn)分述如下： 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞He is an explorer rather than a sailor.與其說(shuō)他是一個(gè)海員，不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè) 探險(xiǎn)者。注意：rather than連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than前面的名詞或 代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。(2) 連接兩個(gè)形容詞The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.與其說(shuō)她買的這件羊毛衫 便宜不如說(shuō)它漂亮。(3) 連接兩個(gè)介詞(短語(yǔ))或動(dòng)名詞 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我們是在教室里開(kāi)會(huì)，不是在大廳里。She enjoys singing rather than dancing.她喜歡唱歌，而不喜歡 跳舞。 連接兩個(gè)分句 We should help him rather than he should help us.是我們應(yīng)該幫助他而不是他應(yīng)該 幫助我們。(5)連接兩個(gè)不定式I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.我決定寫信而不打電話。17. Whatever=no matter what, pron.任何，無(wú)論如何。不管什么(l)r 11 believe you whatever you say. (2) Whatever she did was right.18. . deal n.交易make a deal with sb 與某人交易；a great deal of修飾不可數(shù)名詞，大量的&v. (dealt-deal) deal with sb/sth 解決,對(duì)付；Although she is wrong, itM not a biz(沒(méi)什么大不 了的).How do youthe problem? (v.處理，應(yīng)對(duì))= what do you do about.?18. explain: v.解釋；說(shuō)明；闡明explain to sb what/how. She ed to them what to do in an emergency.explain sth to sb: I'll the rules of the game to you.what/how . That doesn't why you didn't phone.It is /was ed that.所給的解釋是；onself/myself注意：沒(méi)有sb sth(x)explanation: n. offer/provide an (for sth/doing sth.)給予解釋；without 未做解釋I can't think of any possible fbr his absence缺席)She didn't give an adequate(充分白勺)for being late.19. push :n&v.推動(dòng)(人或物)；移動(dòng)(身體部位)；推進(jìn) push sb so hard=put too much pressure on sb 對(duì)。 施加過(guò)多的壓力push off離開(kāi);離去push on繼續(xù)前進(jìn)沿著某人的路繼續(xù)或前進(jìn)push sth over推翻 push ahead 繼續(xù)進(jìn)行；push back 反對(duì)，抵制，推遲；push yourself/sb forward 突顯；使。引 人注目pushy adj.執(zhí)意強(qiáng)求的push +sth+adj She pushed the door open;push+one's way through ( 穿過(guò)。/ to (至U。 o o ) /.Try push your way through the crowd.Push sb to do sth : No one pushed you to take the job.沒(méi)有人推著你接受這工作。push sb/oneself 鞭策，督促It's like a big, black cloud hanging over our family.hang v. 懸掛； 垂下 (hung-hung) She hung her washing out in the garden, hang out/about (with sb)閑逛， 閑蕩 They are always hanging out in the street, hang叩掛斷電話hang sth out把。掛在外面hang over 掛在.之上, 懸浮在.之上; 威脅 A great danger will hang over him.hang on等一會(huì)兒；稍等；(面對(duì)困難或阻力)堅(jiān)持不懈，;hang on to.緊握；牢牢抓住hang.on. 把。o o掛在。o o上hang v.吊死; 絞死,(hanged-hanged) In the old days, many people were hanged.How to lower our stress?It's not easy fbr everybody to live in the modem society. Because we may meet different problems that we can't imagine any minute now. Ifs true that the stress always comes with the problems together. But we can't always be under too much pressure. It's really bad fbr our body and mind. So it's very useful to know some effective ways to lower our stress.First of all, we can tell problems to the people who we trust, like our parents or close friends. No matter what happens to us, tell them about it. They will cheer us ip and give us proper ways to work it out at the same time. What's more, we should do something that we like to lower our pressure. I totally agree that life shouldn*t just be about grades or work. We need some free time to do activities we enjoy. This helps us relax and be healthier. In addition, we can also travel to somewhere beautiful and peaceful to release our pressure.Anyway, I hope that everyone can deal with your problems well. Don't turn them into stress.