英語(yǔ)必修5人教新課標(biāo)Unit 1同步導(dǎo)學(xué)案（1）：詞及短語(yǔ) new words and expressions of Module 5,unit1 之Warming—up 1. 提出; 推薦; 撥快 搭配：put oneself /sth forward 自薦或推薦某人為某職位的候選人 put sth. forward 提前，把時(shí)鐘往前撥；提出 例句：Shall we put him forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee? 運(yùn)用：(1)他提出了一個(gè)更好的計(jì)劃。 (2)我的表慢了所以我往前撥了四分鐘。 (3)他們得把會(huì)議提前。 拓展：put 收拾好 put 接通（ ），完成 put 撲滅，生產(chǎn) put 舉起，搭建，張貼 put 增加體重 put 推遲 put 穿上，上演 put 容忍 put 放下，寫(xiě)下，鎮(zhèn)壓 運(yùn)用：a. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been completely. b. He is such a rude man that I cannot ________ him. c. The meeting had to be till next Sunday. d. If you have any questions, your hand. Pre-reading 2. Vt 斷定，推斷出；結(jié)束， 例句：Let me conclude my speech with a saying: Where there is a will, there is a way. 請(qǐng)讓我用一句諺語(yǔ)來(lái)結(jié)束我的發(fā)言：有志者，事竟成！ After waiting for half an hour ,I conclude that he wouldn’t come at all. 我等了半小時(shí)之后，我斷定他根本就不會(huì)來(lái)了。 搭配：to conclude/in conclusion 最后，總之（常作插入語(yǔ)） draw /reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 運(yùn)用： （1） （最后），I’d like to thank you I’ve enjoyed staying in your beautiful countries. (2)We (得出結(jié)論) that the room must have been empty then. 3. analyse=analyze vt 分析 例句：Expert are still analyzing the DNA evidence in the case.專家們?nèi)栽诜治鲞@個(gè)案件中的DNA證據(jù)。 擴(kuò)展： n 分析，分解（pl）analyses n 分析家，分解家 adj. 分析的， 解析的 analyzable adj. 可被分解的，可分析的 運(yùn)用：An _________ (分析家) is skilled in making .（分析） Reading 4. : 使受挫；打敗 例句： He has been soundly defeated at chess.他在象棋比賽中一敗涂地。 辨析：defeat/win/beat defeat 多指在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，比賽, 競(jìng)選或辯論中戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)手，尤指“軍事上的勝利”。 win 多指贏得比賽，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，勝利，尊重，名聲，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等。 win+ a game/ a race/an election/a victory/a champion/ (1st,2nd …)prize/scholarship/a gold medal/sb’s trust/love/respect/a battle/a war. beat 指徹底打敗，后多接人或團(tuán)體。 運(yùn)用：1)We ________ their team by ten points. 2）Jack _______the race at last. 3）He returned to his hometown after the army ________ Japan. 5. :參加，出席，上學(xué)，到場(chǎng); 照顧，看護(hù) 用法：attend sth 出席，參加 attend (to sb./ sth.) 注意，專心 attend to sb./ sth. 照顧，關(guān)照某人/某事 attend (on) sb. 看護(hù)，照料某人 搭配：attend class/ school 上課/學(xué) attend a wedding/a ceremony / a funeral/a lecture/a party 參加婚禮/典禮/葬禮/演講/聚會(huì) 例句：他生病了，所以沒(méi)來(lái)上課. 她日夜護(hù)理那位負(fù)傷的警察。 如果你不專心工作，你就不會(huì)成功。 辨析： attend做參加講，賓語(yǔ)通常為 meeting，lecture，funeral，ceremony，party，school等。 join 指加入某組織或團(tuán)體，成為其中一員，如“參軍，入團(tuán)，入黨”等。 join in 指參加比賽或活動(dòng)，其中in可以作介詞或副詞。 take part in 指參加某項(xiàng)集體活動(dòng)，并在其中起積極作用，可指參加工作，活動(dòng)，學(xué)習(xí)等。 運(yùn)用：1)My father __________ a revolutionary organization in 1938. 2)Why didn’t you _________ the talk last night? 3)We’ll __________ social activities during the summer vacation. 4)He will __________ an important meeting tomorrow. 6. : 使面臨，使遭遇（危險(xiǎn)，攻擊，嘲笑等）；使暴露（常與介詞to搭配） 搭配：be exposed to 招致，暴露于，感染（?。? expose…to… 使...受到/接觸… 運(yùn)用：Those who pig flu were separated and treated without delay. 感染豬流感的人被及時(shí)隔離和治療。 It is considered to be almost a crime to on TV. 讓孩子接觸暴力電視節(jié)目幾乎是一種犯罪行為。 keep indoors and ______________________________________. (不要暴露你的皮膚于陽(yáng)光下) 7. : v治愈疾病，糾正，去除（弊端等）; n 治愈，治療方法，對(duì)策 例句：She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit. Most of the patients can be cured of the disease. So far, the cure for AIDS has not been found yet. It is a pity that there is no easy cure for loneliness. 歸納：cure作動(dòng)詞時(shí)的習(xí)慣用法是 ；作名詞時(shí)經(jīng)常和介詞 搭配使用。 運(yùn)用：Scientists have recently succeeded in developing a kind of new vaccine to__________ people of bird flu effectively. A. deal B. treat C. cure D. prevent 拓展：動(dòng)詞+ sb+of sth. 小結(jié) sb. of sth. 指控，指責(zé)某人某事 sb. of sth. 說(shuō)服某人某事 sb. of sth. 治愈某人某事 sb. of sth. 欺騙某人某事 sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 sb. of sth. 提醒某事某事 sb. of sth. 搶某人某事 sb. of sth 警告某人某事 8. ：c/u 挑戰(zhàn)書(shū)；挑戰(zhàn) ；vt 向某人挑戰(zhàn)；邀請(qǐng)某人比賽（常和to連用） 搭配：challenge sb to sth/ to do sth 運(yùn)用：我邀他比賽過(guò)河。 9. ：v 吸收（液體，聲音，光線，知識(shí)等），吸引（注意力） 搭配：absorb one’s attention 吸引某人注意 be absorbed in 專心致志于 be absorbed into 被吸入（并入） 運(yùn)用：(1)She was ________________that novel that she didn’t realize the food had got burned. (2)Several small companies are ______________ the big one. (3)be lost in… 陷入…中，沉溺于某事中 ______________, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 陷入沉思，他差點(diǎn)撞到前面的車上。 (4)I was so interested in these new ideas that I ________ them without thinking. 10. ： v懷疑，認(rèn)為是 n.嫌疑犯，可疑的人 用法：suspect +sb/sth 認(rèn)為是某人、某事 suspect+that 懷疑…… suspect sb of sb/doing sth 懷疑某人是/做某事 運(yùn)用：警察懷疑他是間諜。 我覺(jué)得他可能是對(duì)的。 11. ： v.責(zé)備 搭配：blame sb. for sth. 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人 blame sth. on sb. 把…歸咎于某人 to be blame (for sth.) 某人（因?yàn)槟呈拢┮艿截?zé)備 lay/put blame on 把 …. 歸咎于 take the blame for sth. 承擔(dān)…的責(zé)任 運(yùn)用：(1) The diver didn’t know who ____________ for starting the fire? (2)___________________ his partner. =He___________ his partner __________. 他把他的失敗歸咎于他的搭檔。 12. ：污染 搭配：pollute environment/ air /water/river/soil 聯(lián)想： ： n 污染 ： n 污染物 運(yùn)用：1)這條河已經(jīng)被工廠排放的廢物污染 。 2)這是一部毒害青年人的心靈的暴力電影。 13. ： v.處理，操縱；n. 柄，門把手 用法：1)門的把手?jǐn)嗔恕? 2)我不知道如何對(duì)付這些人。 3)他會(huì)操縱這臺(tái)機(jī)器。 14. ： 除此之外，另外 比較：In addition to 除了…之外（還有）(=besides, as well as, apart from) 例句：Morning is the best time for study, in addition ,early rising can give you an exercise chance. He speaks French well, in addition to English. 運(yùn)用：1) giving a general instruction to computers, the course also provides practical experience. A .In addition B In addition to C. Except for D. For the sake of 2) The teacher devoted herself to teaching. she helped those who had trouble in paying for the tuition. A. In addition B. In particular C. In fact D. In case 15. ： v/n 連接 例句：After investing ,they linked the accident to speed driving. 調(diào)查后他們把事故與快速駕車聯(lián)系起來(lái)。 搭配 link…to… 把…和…連接起來(lái) ( 該短語(yǔ)常用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)) link up 連接起來(lái) connect…. combine…. … unite……. … join……. … 16. ： vt 宣布，宣告 例句：a. Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow. b. It has been announced that a new railway will be built through that city. 發(fā)散： ：n 宣布，通知 ：n 播音員，廣播員 辨析：announce/declare announce指正式公布，宣布，側(cè)重預(yù)告人們關(guān)心或感興趣的事情，尤指新聞。 declare指正式向公眾宣布，側(cè)重“當(dāng)眾發(fā)表”，多用于宣戰(zhàn)，議和或宣判等。 1).China has _______ war on Japan. 2).Gathering clouds_______ the coming storm. 3).The government _______ its new economic policies to the public on TV. A. declared B. turned out C. connected D. announced 17. ：v命令；教導(dǎo) 例句：他命令我們?cè)夭粍?dòng)。 He instructed that we all___________ where we were. 我們受到指示不得說(shuō)出那件事。 We were instructed about it 我叔叔教別人開(kāi)汽車。 My uncle instructed people how . 政府指令手機(jī)短信要嚴(yán)格控制。 The government instructs that mobile text message . 總結(jié)：命令某人（不）做某事 ；在某方面指導(dǎo)某人 ； 指導(dǎo)某人做某事 ；instruct 表示“命令”時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用 。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用 ，should可以省略。 運(yùn)用：Mr. Dans determined to hire a teacher to ________ her daughter in paper—cut art. A. teacher B. introduce C. instruct D. direct 【閱讀理解】 閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 When Debbie Macomber decided to pursue her dream of becoming a writer，she rented a typewriter，put it on the kitchen table，and began typing each morning before the kids went to school.When the kids came home，she moved the typewriter and made them dinner.When they went to bed，she moved it back and typed some more.For two years，Debbie followed this routine.Supermom had become a struggling writer and she was loving every minute of it. One night，however，her husband，said to her，“Honey，I'm sorry，but you're not bringing in any income.We can't do this anymore.We can't survive on just what I make.” That night，her heart broken and her mind too busy to let her sleep.She stared at the ceiling in their darkened bedroom.Debbie knew—with all of the responsibilities of keeping up a house and looking after four kids—that working 40 hours a week would leave her no time to write. Seeing her despair，her husband woke up and asked，“What's wrong？” “I really think I could have made it as a writer，I really do.” Wayne was silent for a long time，and then said，“All right，honey，go for it.” So Debbie returned to her dream and her typewriter on the kitchen table，pounding out page after page for another two years.Her family went without vacations，pinched pennies，and wore hand－me－downs. But the sacrifice and the persistence finally paid off.After five years of struggling，Debbie sold her first book.Then another.And another.Until finally，today，Debbie has published more than 100 books，three of which have been sold for movies.Over 60 million copies are in print，and she has millions of loyal fans. And Wayne？All that sacrifice in support of his wife paid off handsomely.He got to retire at age 50 and now spends his time building an airplane in the basement of their 7,000 square－foot mansion. Debbie's kids got a gift far more important than a few summer camps.As adults，they realize what Debbie gave them was far more important—permission and encouragement to pursue their own dreams. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文主要講述了Debbie Macomber堅(jiān)持不懈地追逐自己的夢(mèng)想，最后取得成功的故事。 1．Her husband asked her to give up writing because ________. A．he wanted her to do more housework rather than just write B．she couldn't earn any money and it was hard for them to make ends meet C．he wanted her to find a better－paid job that interested her D．he thought keeping up a house was a wife's responsibility 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知她的丈夫感到自己一個(gè)人掙錢實(shí)在難以應(yīng)付家庭的開(kāi)支，希望她能放棄寫(xiě)作，去掙錢分擔(dān)家庭的負(fù)擔(dān)，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。 答案　B。 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Debbie spent 40 hours in writing a week before she succeeded as a writer. B．Debbie's family often went out on vacations without her. C．Debbie's husband gave up his own job to support her writing. D．Debbie's success has brought her lots of money. 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二、三段可知，Debbie作為一個(gè)職業(yè)作家獲得了巨大的成功，改善了家人的生活條件，故D項(xiàng)符合文意。 答案　D。 3．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________. A．Wayne doesn't benefit from her wife's success B．Debbie has great influence on her children's going after their dreams C．Debbie's kids all realized their dreams as adults D．Debbie is a failure as a mother while she is a success as a writer 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，Debbie支持鼓勵(lì)她的孩子追求夢(mèng)想，給了孩子們比野營(yíng)更重要的禮物，Debbie對(duì)她的孩子追求夢(mèng)想有著極大的影響，故B項(xiàng)正確。 答案　B。 4．What's probably the best title for the passage? A．Go for it B．A great mother C．Union is strength D．Writing pays more 解析　主旨大意題。本文主要講述了Debbie Macomber堅(jiān)持不懈地追逐自己的夢(mèng)想，并取得成功的故事，告訴我們要努力爭(zhēng)取，堅(jiān)持不懈。Go for it表示“努力爭(zhēng)取”，形象地表達(dá)了文章的主旨。 答案　A.。