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1、45從“月球神秘小屋”到人類神秘世界 2023中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題專練 背景事件 月球上的“神秘小屋”揭開謎底：“天吶！這是……玉兔！ ” 文匯客戶端 2022-01-10 09:15:53 據(jù)中國探月與航天工程中心7日消息，在迎來嫦娥四號(hào)著陸月球三周年之際，1月6 H接近午夜時(shí)刻, 玉兔二號(hào)月球車行駛里程突破1000米，到達(dá)1003.9米，目前處于第38月晝工作期，工況正常。 此前，玉兔二號(hào)月球車曾對(duì)周圍的天際線實(shí)施了環(huán)拍，環(huán)拍圖片中北側(cè)天際線處一個(gè)突兀的立方體物 體像一個(gè)“神秘小屋”，引起全球天文愛好者圍觀。近日，玉兔二號(hào)發(fā)布的最新照片終于揭開了謎底：原來它 只是一塊形狀特殊的

2、石頭。 美國《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》1月7日稱，在玉兔二號(hào)去年11月拍攝的月球外表照片上，能看到?個(gè)“位于遠(yuǎn)處的 立方體讓外界好奇的是，這個(gè)物體的形狀看起來太規(guī)整，“似乎不可能只是天然形成的巖石這引起了 外界的廣泛好奇，猜想它是“神秘小屋”或者是外星人造物。 為了盡快揭開“神秘小屋”的面紗，駕駛員們?cè)谟裢脝拘亚昂菹鹿Ψ?，設(shè)計(jì)出了一套“昂首闊步”的高效移 動(dòng)策略。首先，在感知成像的時(shí)候?qū)⒏┭鼋巧晕⑸咸?，“昂首”的姿態(tài)可以將感知成像的最遠(yuǎn)距離由十幾米拓 展到三十多米，同時(shí)既防止了“抬頭”導(dǎo)致的視場內(nèi)過曝區(qū)域擴(kuò)大，還能夠在地形和感知圖像允許的情況下, 提升每一步的移動(dòng)距離。不僅看得遠(yuǎn)，還要走得久，在平臺(tái)熱控

3、允許的情況下，駕駛員們適當(dāng)推遲進(jìn)月午 或者提前出月午，壓縮午休時(shí)間，實(shí)現(xiàn)擠出一整天多走一步的目的。如此三管齊下，玉兔二號(hào)的移動(dòng)效率 得到顯著提升。玉兔二號(hào)在月背大步流星的北上，終于在距離“神秘小屋''只剩下10米左右時(shí)，揭開了這層 神秘的面紗!遠(yuǎn)在天際時(shí)彷佛凱旋門一樣高大的“神秘小屋”，走近看竟然甚是矮小，駕駛員們不免有些失望， 正當(dāng)大家失落之際，一個(gè)駕駛員盯著放大的畫面，捂住嘴巴驚呼：“天吶！這是……玉兔！ ” A hungry fly speeds through a forest. It smells nectar and lands on a green leaf. It sta

4、rts to drink the sweet liquid. Suddenly, the fly's world turns green. The two sides of the leaf close against each other. Long green teeth lock together around it. The fly has been caught by a Venus flytrap. There is no escape. Unlike most plants, the Venus flytrap is carnivorous, which means they

5、eat meat. And it is perhaps the most famous killer plant. However, scientists have wondered for a long time how it hunts and eats. Only until recently did they start to figure jt out. After years of study, plant scientist Alexander Volkov believes he now knows (he Venus flytrap's secret. "This." say

6、s Vblko, "is an electrical plant.'1 There are three small hairs along each of the Venus flytrap's two leaves. When an insect touches a hair, it creates an electrical sign in the leaf. The insect can keep on feeding—for now. But if it touches another hair within 20 seconds, the plant will take actio

7、n, swinging its famous shut. The bristles on the edges of the leaves work like jail bars to prevent insects from making an escape. This system allows the plant to tell the difference between a drop of water, fbr example, and a living thing. And that probably keeps the plant from wasting time on rain

8、drops or other things that aren't its food. Once caught, an insect has little chance of survival. The Venus flytrap now lets out a different liquid-one that slowly eats away at the insect. Ten days later, the plant's leaves open again and the parts of the insect that couldn't be digested fall out.

9、The Venus flytrap is ready for its next meal. This is just one of the interesting biological peculiarities of the Venus flytrap, scientists are still working hard to explore more about this mysterious plant. 30. The Venus flytrap is a kind of plants that. A. contains electrical powersB. mostly fe

10、eds on meatC. we are familiar withD. is famous for its leaves 31. The underlined word "jt" in Paragraph 2 refers to. A. why the Venus flytrap eats meatwhen the Venus flytrap uses its hair B. what the Venus flytrap is famous lorhow the Venus flytrap hunts and eats 32. According to the passage, an

11、 insect will be caught when it. A. flics above a flytrap for a long period of timetries its best to escape from a flytrap's bristles B. touches different hairs of a flytrap in 20 secondstouches the edges of a flytrap's leaves very gently 33. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Carnivo

12、rous Plants: Magical WondersCarnivorous Plants: Attractive to Humans B. The Venus Flytrap: A Famous Killer PlantThe Venus Flytrap: Dangerous for Humans 【答案】30-33. BDCC 【分析】本文是一篇說明文。短文主要介紹了最著名的殺手植物——維納斯捕蠅器的秘密。 3().細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Unlike most plants, the Venus flytrap is carnivorous, which means they e

13、at meat.“可 知，維納斯捕蠅器是一種主要以肉為食的植物。應(yīng)選B。 31 .詞句猜想題。根據(jù)前句"However, scientists have wondered for a long time how it hunts and eats.”可猜想出， 下劃線單詞“it”在第二段中指代“維納斯捕蠅器如何捕獵和進(jìn)食應(yīng)選Do.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"But if it touches another hair within 20 seconds, the plant will take action, swinging its famous shut. The bristles on th

14、e edges of the leaves work like jail bars to prevent insects from making an escape.” 可知，當(dāng)一只昆蟲在20秒內(nèi)碰到捕蠅器的不同毛發(fā)時(shí)，它就會(huì)被捕獲。應(yīng)選C。 32 .最正確標(biāo)題。短文主要介紹了最著名的殺手植物——維納斯捕蠅器的秘密。故文章最正確標(biāo)題應(yīng)是“維納斯 捕蠅器：一種著名的殺手植物應(yīng)選C。 c Stonehenge is a famous place in England, one of the oldest and most mysterious （神秘的）places in （he world

15、. It was probably put up between 1800 B. C. and 1400 B. C. It lies in the city of Salisbury, which is about 13 km south of Stonehenge. Stonehenge was a ring of standing stones, including upright （垂直的）stones with a horizontal （水平的）stone lying across the top. When i（ was completed, it was made up of

16、a double circle of stones with two more groups of stones outside （he circles. Over time, however, many of the stones have been broken by wind and rain, only a small number is still standing today. It is unclear who built Stonehenge or even how it was built. Many of the stones must have been transpo

17、rted over 250 miles to Stonehenge. Single stones, some of them weighing about four tons, must have been sent on rivers and rolled over land on tree trunks （樹干）.They can't have been carried! The men who moved the stones didn't have wheels or horses. Each stone had to be moved by hand. The purpose of

18、 Stonehenge is just as mysteries. It has been called a place to honor ancestors, a sun temple, an ancient clock and a calendar. Some people （hink the stones have been built in a special way to mark sunrise and sunset at certain times during the year, because （he sun shines directly into the center o

19、f the stones. Others have even thought that it was an ancient generator, which is a machine to produce electricity, because it was built along energy lines in the earth and was used to make use of the earth's natural energies. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最正確答案。 34. The underlined word “generator“ in the passage means

20、 "" in Chinese. A.發(fā)熱機(jī)B.發(fā)電機(jī)C.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Stonehenge was a ring of standing stones with. A. upright stones lying across the top B. two more groups of stones outside the circles C. a double circle of horizontal stonesAccording to the passage, what may be the purpose of the Stonehenge? A. It has been a place t

21、o honor ancestors. 8. It was a special way to mark where the sun rises and sets at certain places. C. It was used to gather the sun's energy. 35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Stonehenge lies about 13 km east from the city of Salisbury. B. All single stones weigh fo

22、ur tons. C. People used hands to move each stone. 36. What's the best title of this passage? 1 . Stonehenge-a Mysterious Place. Stonehenge-a Cultural Place 8 . Stonehenge—a Natural Place【答案】 34-38. BBACA【分析】 文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了世界.上最古老和最神秘的地方之一——英國的巨石陣。 34 .詞義猜想題。根據(jù)下文“which is a machine to pro

23、duce electricity,”是一種發(fā)電的機(jī)器，可知其他人甚至認(rèn) 為它是一個(gè)古老的發(fā)電機(jī)，因此可知generator的意思應(yīng)是“發(fā)電機(jī)”，應(yīng)選B。 35 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“When it was completed, it was made up of a double circle of stones with two more groups ofstones outside the circles.”當(dāng)它完工時(shí)，它是由兩個(gè)石頭組成的圓圈，圓圈外還有兩組石頭。可知，巨石陣 是一圈立著的石頭，圓圈外還有兩組石頭。應(yīng)選B“.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"The purpose of Stonehe

24、nge is just as mysteries. It has been called a place to honor ancestors,“建造石陣的目的也同樣神秘。它被稱為紀(jì)念祖先的地方。可知，巨石陣的目的可能是一個(gè)紀(jì)念祖 先的地方，應(yīng)選A。 36 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Each stone had to be moved by hand”每塊石頭必須用手搬動(dòng)?？芍藗冇檬职釀?dòng)每塊 石頭，應(yīng)選C。 37 .標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)"Stonehenge is a famous place in England, one of the oldest and most mysterious （神

25、秘的） places in the world”巨石陣是英國一個(gè)著名的地方，是世界上最古老和最神秘的地方之一。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容， 可知文章主要講述的是巨石陣的神秘之處，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意，應(yīng)選A。 There is a town near Suzhou.lt is very interesting and bcautifuLThis is Luxiang, an old town. Luxiang was built in the Southern Song Dynasty. There were many famous people living in the town at tha

26、t time. There arc around 30 old buildings of Ming and Qing dynasties now. People live a simple life. Six lanes (巷)in the (own go (oTaihu lake. Luxiang looks more beautiful in spring, with many tea trees and fruit gardens. This place is famous for the tea called Biluochun. The Egyptian pyrami

27、ds were built around 2600 B. C. The largest of them is the Great Pyramid of Khufu.The king, Khufu built it as his tomb. The Great Pyramid was considered a unique building in the 19th century A. D. At that time, it was still the tallest in the world. According to scientific research, Khufu ordered

28、his men to build it stone by stone.The biggest stone was 15 tons, and each stone was fixed so well. The Great Pyramid has four sides and each side is 227 meters long and 136.5 meters high now. At that time, there were no modern machines or equipment, so how did the ancient Egyptians build it? To th

29、is day, it is still a mystery. Many famous people were living in Luxiang A. during the Southern Song Dynasty C. during the Qing Dynasty 40. Luxiang is famous for. A. fruit gardens B. tea trees B. during the Ming Dynasty D. from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty C. BiluochunD. six lanesIn

30、order to build his tomb, the king Khufu built. A.the ancient pyramidsB.the Egyptian pyramidsC.the Great PyramidD.the mysterious pyramid 41. Building the Great Pyramid is still a mystery now because. A.each stone was fixed wellB.there were no modern machinesor equipment thenC.it was made of stoneD

31、.it was the tallest building intheworld 42. Which of (he following is TRUE? A. Each stone of the Great Pyramid is 227 meters long and 136.5 meters wide. B. Luxiang is far away from Suzhou. C. Luxiang looks more beautiful except spring. D. In the 19th century A. D. , the Great Pyramid was specia

32、l and unusual. 【答案】39-43. ACCBD 【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了蘇州的魯巷和埃及的金字塔。 39 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Luxiang was built in the Southern Song Dynasty.There were many famous people living in the town at that time.”可知,在南宋時(shí)，有很多名人住在魯巷。應(yīng)選A。 40 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“This place is famous for the tea called Biluochun.”可知，魯巷以碧螺春而聞名。應(yīng)選C。 41

33、.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The largest of them is the Great Pyramid of Khufu.Thc king, Khufii built it as his 可知，胡夫建造了大金字塔作為他的墳?zāi)?。?yīng)選C。 42 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“At that time, there were no modern machines or equipment, so how did the ancient Egyptians build it? To this day, it is still a mystery.”可知，在沒有現(xiàn)代機(jī)器和設(shè)備的情況下，金字塔建成的方法 仍然是個(gè)謎

34、。應(yīng)選B。 43 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Great Pyramid was considered a unique building in the 19th cenlury A.D..”可知，在公 元19世紀(jì)，大金字塔被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的建筑。應(yīng)選D。 E What do black holes look like? We finally got the answer: They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside. Scientists took the world's first photo of a bla

35、ck hole. The black hole is very for from the Earth—about 55 million light years away. This is not the only black hole in the universe. Black holes are mysterious in the universe. A photo can help us learn more about them. How much do you know about black holes? Try to answer the following questions

36、. Q: What is a black hole? A: A black hole comes from a dying star. The star turns into a small point. The point has much mass and strong gravity. The strong gravity of a black hole pulls things. The black hole "eats" these things. Black holes can even"eat" light. That's why a black hole looks "bl

37、ack”. Q: If black holes are "black”, how do scientists know they arc there? A: We cannot see black holes. But we can see how their strong gravity works on the things around them. A black hole's gravity pulls dust and gas into it. And if a star is orbiting a point in space, scientists can study the

38、 star's orbit. They can tell if (he star is orbiting a black hole. Q: How did scientists take the picture of the black hole? A: Scientists didn't use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes in different places across the world. The telescopes got information from the black h

39、ole. Scientists used computers to deal with the information. It took them two years to get the final picture. Q: Will the sun turn into a black hole? And if it does, will it “cat” the Earth? A: The sun won't become a black hole. According to NASA, it does not have enough mass to turn into one. Whe

40、n the sun dies, it will become a smaller and cooler star. Even if the sun becomes a black hole, the Earth would still be safe. 44. Which of the following is NOT true about black holes? A. They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside. B. They are about 55 million light years a

41、way from the Earth. C. Black holes look "black” because they pull light and "eat" it. D. Scientists say that there is more than one black hole in space. 45. The underlined word “pulls“ in the first answer most probably means "A. movesB. addsC. touchesD. plants 46. Scientists know black holes arc

42、 there by. A. using cameras to take picturesusing radio telescopes around the world B. watching the stars carefully in the skywatching the shape and color of the sun 47. What will happen if the sun becomes a black hole? A. The Earth will die at once. B. The Earth will become black. C. The Eart

43、h will still be safe. D. The Earth will become a cool star. 48. The best title fbr the passage may be "Learning about black holes A. The Earth and (he black holesSomething about the universe B. The sun and the Earth【答案】 44-48. BABCA【分析】 文章大意：黑洞是什么樣子的？我們終于得到了答案：它們看起來像黑圈，外面有一圈亮圈?？茖W(xué)家們合 成了世界上第一張黑洞

44、的照片。這個(gè)黑洞離地球非常遠(yuǎn)一大約5,500萬光年遠(yuǎn)。 44 .推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The black hole is very far from the Earth—about 55 million light years away.”可知，被拍 攝的黑洞距離地球大約5,500萬光年，而不是所有黑洞都離地球這么遠(yuǎn)。應(yīng)選B。 45 .詞義猜想題。由上文內(nèi)容及下文中句子“The black hole “cats” these things.”可判斷，pull在這里意為“拉； 拖”，應(yīng)選A。 46 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They used eight radio telescopes in di

45、fferent places across the world.”可知，科學(xué)家利用 射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察到了黑洞。應(yīng)選B。 47 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“Even if the sun becomes a black hole, the Earth would still be safe.”可知，即使太 陽變成了黑洞，地球仍然是平安的。應(yīng)選C。 48 .最正確標(biāo)題題。本文主要講述「有關(guān)黑洞的知識(shí)。所以A選項(xiàng)符合標(biāo)題，應(yīng)選A。 F The idea of life in outer space has been talked about for a long time. Some scien

46、tists say that life development on Earth was far too unlikely for it to have happened anywhere else. Things had to be perfect for us to make it on this planet. Other scientists say that space is too big. Stars and other planets arc far too numerous for there to be no other life in the universe. Fo

47、r many years, there have been reports of visitors from other planets. People all around the world have claimed to see alien spaceships or even aliens themselves. There have been glimpses of these so-called UFOs (unidentified flying objects) flying through the air and they have even ben captured on

48、video. Some Americans believe that the U.S. Army found an alien spaceship crashed in the desert and then lied to the press about it. Although these sightings may be true, scientists have not found significant evidence that aliens exist. If you go out into the countryside on a clear night and look u

49、p, you can see thousands of stars. Those stars make up a tiny part of our universe. There are more stars, planets, and galaxies than we can count. Even the smartest scientists can't even come close to defining how big space is. The number of possible stars and planets out there is bigger than our ab

50、ility to count. If wc arc really on the only planet that can sustain life, then wc arc very spccinl in a universe full of amazing things. 49. What have some people claimed about aliens? A. Aliens often appear in dreams.B. They have encountered aliens. C. Aliens arc extremely dangerous.D. Aliens a

51、rc always kidnapping people. 50. Why docs the author mention "reports of visitors from other planets"? A. To give an example of people who do not believe in science. B. To explain why scientists are not interested in studying aliens. C. To raise the issue of whether or not we are alone in the un

52、iverse. D. To inform people that a spaceship crashed in the American desert. 51. What can be inferred about finding aliens? A.It's not possible yet.B.It's already been done. C.Aliens can be found inthe USA.D.Scientists already know the truth. 52. What would be the best title fbr this passage?

53、A.Visitors from FarawayPianetsB.The Life and Tinies of an Alien LifeC.The Mysterious CrashLanding in America D.The Possibility of Life on Other Worlds 【答案】49-52. BCAD 【分析】文章大意：在外太空有生命的想法已經(jīng)被討論了很長時(shí)間。?些科學(xué)家說，宇宙中不可能有其他生命。而 世界各地的人都聲稱看到過外星人的宇宙飛船，甚至外星人本身。但科學(xué)家們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)外星人存在的重 要證據(jù)。 49 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"People all aro

54、und the world have claimed to see alien spaceships or even aliens themselves.n 可知，有些人聲稱他們遇到了外星人，應(yīng)選B。 50 .推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文“Other scientists say that space is too big. Stars and other planets arc far too numerous for there to be no other life in the universe.其他科學(xué)家說太空太大了。恒星和其他行星太多宇宙中不可能 有其他生命。"結(jié)合"For many y

55、ears, there have been reports of visitors from other planets. People all around the world have claimed to see alien spaceships or even aliens themselves.多年來,一直有來自其他行星的訪客的報(bào) 道。世界各地的人都聲稱看到過外星人的宇宙飛船，甚至外星人本身?！笨芍?，作者提及“來自其他星球的訪 客的報(bào)告''是為了提出我們?cè)谟钪嬷惺欠窆陋?dú)的問題，應(yīng)選C。 51 .推理判斷題。根據(jù)“scientists have not found significa

56、nt evidence that aliens exist.”科學(xué)家們還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)外星 人存在的重要證據(jù)，由此可推知，尋找到外星人現(xiàn)在還是不可能的，應(yīng)選A。 52 .標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)"The idea of life in outer space has been talked about for a long time.”結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，可 知本文主要討論的是在外太空的其它星球上是否有生命存在的可能，應(yīng)選D。 G In the western Pacific Ocean lies the deepest place on the planet — the Mariana Trench, w

57、hich runs as deep as about 7 miles below the ocean's surface. That's greater than the height of Mount Everest measuring about 5 and a half miles above sea level. The Mariana Trench is home to a variety of sea life. Coral reefs and underwater volcanoes are all found there. But because few humans hav

58、e been able to go far into the trench, scientists know little about it. Now (hey are working to change that. Recently, (he Okeanos Explorer has been on an exploration there. Remotely operated vehicles sent out from it are taking videos of life in its deepest, darkest areas. Scientists around the wo

59、rld, along with the general public, can watch the videos in real time. These videos are showing the most mysterious parts of the ocean. Much of the area that the Okeanos Explorer is exploring has been protected since 2009 as part of the Marianas Trench Marine National Monument. Covering more than 95

60、,000 square miles, it is one of the world's largest marine protected areas. It,s very dark, so the animals must use many other senses other than sight to understand their surroundings, find food and escape from enemies. The water is also very cold — slightly above freezing — and its pressure is 即將

61、到來的2022年1月11 FI,正是嫦娥四號(hào)著陸器與玉兔二號(hào)完成兩器互拍、任務(wù)取得圓滿成功的 三周年紀(jì)念日，最新的里程破紀(jì)錄無疑是給這項(xiàng)工程最好的禮物。下一個(gè)月晝，玉兔二號(hào)將近距禽探測目 標(biāo)石塊“玉兔”，并對(duì)它身后的大型撞擊坑進(jìn)行感知，期待“兔兔對(duì)話”，用它們的密語開掘更多不為人知的故 事。 來源：中新社、環(huán)球網(wǎng)、我們的太空、新浪微博一、完型填空 In 1912, a man called Wilfrid Voynich bought a number of books in Italy. He bought so many that he didn't look very ] at

62、the books. When he arrived home, he 2 he had bought a very strange handwritten manuscript （手寫稿）.It was written3 a language he had never seen before. It was also full of pictures ofplants. Since then, the book — now known as the Voynich Manuscript — has 4 the world's most mysterious manuscript. Many

63、 people have studied it. However, no one has ever discovered its meaning and 5. There are many ideas about 6 wrote it and why. Some say that a famous scientist like Francis Bacon extremely high. That means only certain animals can live there, like shrimp, crabs, and starfish. So far, the expeditio

64、n's cameras have filmed a variety of rarely seen deep-sea creatures, including ghost sharks, huge lobsters, and sea pigs. Perhaps the most amazing sight is beautiful red jellyfish that scientists have never seen before. Scientists hope this expedition will help them unlock the mysteries of the Mari

65、ana Trench. They'll leani about (he deep-sea animals and plants Ibund there. They'll also study its unique features, including underwater mountains, mud volcanoes, and hot springs produced by (he volcanoes. They say that this knowledge will also help scientists belter understand how the deepest par

66、t of the ocean affects the rest of the world. "The ocean plays a role in the air wc breathe, the food wc cat, and the transportation of the goods wc buy — not to mention the weather and climate change," a scientist said. "The deep sea may also hold cures for diseases. How will we know what is out there if we aren't looking into it?" 53. What do we know about the Mariana Trench from the text? A. Sea life can hardly be found there. B. It has never been explored by humans. C. It's the world's la