2018國家開放大學人文英語3單元自測（1-8）參考答案單元自測1題目為隨機，用查找功能（Ctrl+F）搜索題目一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。（每題10分）Ken did badly in his math test. I'm terribly worried about the result.                      .A. I am so happy he is very healthy. B. Well, it is hard to see. C. Come on. It isn't the end of the world. 反饋解析：本題考核“表達別擔心”情境下的交際用語。當?shù)谝徽f話人表達對孩子的考試結(jié)果擔心時，第二說話人可用Come on. It isn't the end of the world（振作起來，這不是世界末日）來回應(yīng)，而A和 B不是對這句話的回應(yīng)，所以選C。正確答案是：Come on. It isn't the end of the world. Do you have much experience with caring for babies?                      .A. Yes, I do. I often take care of kids in my free time. B. No, you are freshmen. You should work hard. C. Yes, they are. They are very cute. 解析：本題考核“詢問信息”情況下的交際用語。第一說話人詢問你是否對照顧baby有經(jīng)驗，答語應(yīng)加以證實，所以選A。而B是建議性的話語，說你是大學新生，要努力學習。C是說孩子們可愛。正確答案是：Yes, I do. I often take care of kids in my free time. Lily is a good student except _ she is a little bit careless.A. where B. which C. that 反饋譯文：莉莉是個好學生，就是有點粗心。解析：固定用法：介詞except, but, in后要用連詞that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作其賓語，所以選C。正確答案是：thatThis movie is _ that one. 選擇一項：A. as more interesting as B. as interesting as C. too interesting to 譯文：這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。解析：as.as意為“和一樣”，表示同級的比較。第一個as為副詞，第二個as為連詞, 其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：as+ adj./ adv. +as.；too.to 意為“太而不能”表示否定含義，所以B.正確答案是：as interesting asIt is said that _ 2000 factories were closed down during the economic crisis. 選擇一項：A. properly B. approximately C. considerably 譯文：據(jù)說，在經(jīng)濟危機期間大約有2000家廠子關(guān)閉。解析：properly意為“適當?shù)亍?；approximately 意為“大約”；considerably意為“ 相當?shù)亍?；只有B項符合題意，所以選B。正確答案是：approximately二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）Most couples who get married or decide to live together generally plan to have children. Several years ago, people thought that having big families was common and this was seen as an advantage. That was mainly because children began working at an early age to help provide for the family. But with the changing times and with the cost of living getting higher every single year, having a big family is no longer considered to be a practical option. In fact, more couples consider that they have only one child and some do not have any desire to become parents at all.According to the Australian Institute of Family Studies, by 1986, women aged 40 to 44 years, were considerably more likely to have given birth to two children than three children (36% vs. 27%) or four or more children (19%). However, taken together, women were still more likely to have had three or more children than to have had two children (46% vs. 36%).In recent years, women were more likely to have had two children than three or more children a trend that was most marked in the most recent period (38% vs. 25% in 1996; 38% vs. 22% in 2006). These days, most families in Australia have two children. But the number of women who had given birth to a single child increased progressively from only 8% in 1981 to 13% in 2006.The U.S. Census Bureau states that there are approximately 14 million only children in America today. This comprises 20% of the children's population compared to only 10% around fifty years ago.操作提示：通過題干后的下拉框選擇題目的正確答案。1. Several years ago, people thought that having big families was  正確答案是：C A. uncommon and this was seen as an advantageB. common and this was seen as a disadvantageC. common and this was seen as an advantage2. By 1986, taken together, women were still more likely to have had  回答children.A. lessB. more C. no3. In recent years, women were more likely to have had  回答正確答案是：CA. three or four childrenB. more childrenC. fewer children4.  According to the passage, we can predict that the number of family with a single child will  回答正確答案是：BA. decreased dramaticallyB. increased dramaticallyC. remained steady5.  Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? 回正確答案是：AA. Families Having Fewer Children Nowadays.B. Couples Having More Children Nowadays.C. Women Being Likely to Have More Children.解析：1. 這是一道細節(jié)題。本題詢問“幾年前，人們認為擁有大家庭？”，第一段第二句話告訴讀者 “人們認為有個大家庭，很常見，而且大家庭也被認為是個優(yōu)勢”，所以選C。2. 這是一道細節(jié)判斷題。第二段第一句話意為“而綜合來看，婦女仍然有可能要三個或更多個孩子而不是要兩個孩子（其比例為46% vs. 36%）”，此句表明有可能要多個孩子，所以選B。3. 這是一道細節(jié)判斷題。本題詢問“近年來，婦女有可能要多少個孩子？”，第三段第一句話告訴讀者婦女更有可能要2個而不是3個或更多個孩子，所以選C。4. 這是一道推斷題。按照短文內(nèi)容，我們可以了解到現(xiàn)今澳大利亞大部分家庭擁有2個孩子，而要1個孩子婦女數(shù)量（increased progressively）逐漸增加，所以我們推斷將來擁有1個孩子的家庭會顯著增多，所以選B5. 這是一道主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講過去有個大家庭（多生孩子），很常見，而且大家庭也被認為是個優(yōu)勢。但近幾年來，由于生活成本逐年增長，擁有大家庭已不再是一個現(xiàn)實的選擇，婦女愿意要3個或更多個孩子的越來越少。而如今澳大利亞大部分家庭擁有2個孩子，要1個孩子的家庭逐年遞增。所以選A。單元自測2題目為隨機，用查找功能（Ctrl+F）搜索題目題目： Do you mind if I record your lecture?                      .答案：No，not at all.題目： Linda, what's wrong with your grandmother?                      .答案：She hurt her leg.題目：I'm sorry to hear that your grandmother is ill in hospital.  答案： It's very kind of you.題目：Is your grandmother getting well now?                      .答案：Yes, she is much better now.題目：Looking after a baby is not an easy job, is it?                      .答案：No, it isn't.二、閱讀短文子問題 1：A; 子問題 2：B; 子問題 3：B; 子問題 4：A; 子問題 5：C單元自測3題目為隨機，用查找功能（Ctrl+F）搜索題目題目： He asked John _ he could swim.答案： if 題目： He is worth _.答案：trusting題目：John asked me _ to visit his uncle's farm with him.答案：whether I would like題目：She _ the children not to make any noise.答案：told 題目：She is a _ woman. 答案：confident young題目：She said she _ lost a pen.答案：had題目：There is only one thing that people can't _you, and that is your wisdom.答案：take away from題目：We found him _ in the laboratory.答案： working題目：We must keep our classroom _.答案：clean題目：You'd better _ to hospital at once. 答案：go二、閱讀理解：選擇題子問題 1：C; 子問題 2：C; 子問題 3：A; 子問題 4：B; 子問題 5：B二、閱讀理解：正誤判斷子問題 1：F; 子問題 2：T; 子問題 3：T; 子問題 4：F; 子問題 5：F單元自測4題目為隨機，用查找功能（Ctrl+F）搜索題目題目： I have trouble in _ my homework. 答案：doing題目： This plant can't be exposed _strong sunshine.答案：to題目： Brand was Jane's brother!          he reminded me so much of Jane!答案：No wonder 題目： How about going to the cinema? _答案： Sounds like a good idea!題目： May I open the window to let in some fresh air?_答案：Go ahead!題目： Ok, I'll fix your computer right now. Oh, take your time. _答案：I'm in no hurry.題目： Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?     答案： What for？題目：A dictionary may define genetics _ simply “the science of the study of heredity”.答案：as題目：He asked his neighbor to _  his house.答案：keep an eye on題目：People _ foxes _ clever but sly animals. 答案：consideras二、英譯漢子問題 1：B; 子問題 2：A; 子問題 3：C; 子問題 4：B; 子問題 5：B二、 閱讀理解：正誤判斷he law defines youthful offenders (age 18 or under) as “delinquent” if they commit offenses. As for the same offenses, the court would consider an adult as a “criminal”. “Status offenders” are juveniles who commit offenses appropriate only to juveniles, such as truancy from school. Here are a few ideas to help prevent your children from being a delinquent. Keep your children in school to help prevent delinquency. Minor offenses, such as truancy, can lead to more serious offenses. Make clear to your children your expectations about their school attendance. Meet with school officials if necessary. Exercise adequate supervision. Juveniles rarely commit serious offenses while under the supervision of an adult. Seek the assistance of your local service agencies if you feel you cannot control your children. Attend parenting classes, or join a local support group if you are having trouble understanding how to exercise discipline. Educate your children about the dangers of drugs. Drug offenses and addiction can have serious consequences for your children. Let your children know you will not tolerate drug use. Stay informed about drug use trends in children. Get your children involved in after-school recreational activities, sports, community service or other positive activities. Young people with positive outlets for their energy are more likely to do well in school and avoid the problems of delinquency.  Know who your children's friends are. Show an interest in your children's social life and peer groups. Peer pressure may have a bad effect on teenagers and young people. Do not allow your children to associate with juvenile delinquents.子問題 1：F; 子問題 2：F; 子問題 3：T; 子問題 4：T; 子問題 5：T單元自測5題目： I have no idea _ to make my speech interesting.答案：how  題目： My suggestion is that Tom _ to see a doctor at once. 答案：go題目：- I'm sorry for breaking the cup.- Oh, _ . I've got plenty.答案：forget it題目：-I've been using the computer for a long time and my neck doesn't feel well.-_答案：You'd better stop the work and take a rest.題目：-It's rather cold in here. Do you mind if I close the window?-_.答案：No, go ahead題目：-Must I finish the report today?-_. You can finish it tomorrow.答案：No, you don't have to題目：-We've worked for a long time, what about stopping a while to have a rest?-_.答案：That's a good idea.題目：Does the design _ the needs of our users? 答案：meet題目：He left the company by mutual _ last September. 答案：consent題目：Nowadays people spend more time exercising to keep _. 答案：fit題目：Parents transmit some of their _ to their children. 答案：characteristics 題目：People wear _ suits on formal occasions.答案：formal 題目：The company is trying every _ to improve the quality of products. 答案：means題目：The news came _ we won the first prize in the competition. 答案：that  題目：We have worries _ we'll miss the best selling season of the skirts. 答案：that 二、翻譯子問題 1：B; 子問題 2：C; 子問題 3：A; 子問題 4：C; 子問題 5：A單元自測6題目為隨機，用查找功能（Ctrl+F）搜索題目題目： _ was not very wise.答案：Telling her the truth題目： _, the number of private cars will increase sharply in the coming couple of years. 答案：Undoubtedly題目： Hardly had the train arrived at the destination when the passengers _ out in no time. 答案：flooded題目： It is an open secret _he is not a qualified manager. 答案：that 題目： The more people you know, _ knowledge you get. 答案：the more題目：Good friends means sharing happiness but also sadness _ each 答案：with題目：It is in the afternoon _ he got the bad news.答案：that題目：This is an opportunity to _ the reputation of the company. 答案：enhance題目：Without your help, I _ obtained today's success. 答案：would not have題目：You'd better        listening to the teacher in the lesson.答案：pay attention to二、閱讀理解：選擇題There are a number of reasons _ 回答  _. Learning another language is important for both work and travel. It is also important for making real connections with other people. Lastly, it can give you a greater understanding of your own language. Learning a foreign language would _ 回答  _. If you work in a foreign country, it will benefit you immensely if you can speak its language because then you would be able to work with all different types of employees, and this will give long-term career success.  Speaking a foreign language gives you _回答  _; it enables you to see how other people see the world around them. If you travel or work in a foreign country, think how much easier everything would be if you could speak the local language. It would be easier to find different places, ask for directions, and even order food. Finally, if you speak a foreign language you will actually _回答  _. Other languages open our minds to new ways of thinking. For example, Eskimos have more words to describe snow and ice as it is such an important part of their lives. Language is _ 回答  _. It is how we share our thoughts with the world. Without language, there would be no way to communicate and express ourselves. The more languages you know, the more ways you have to communicate and express yourself. This is why learning many languages should be important, and why one language simply won't do. A. improve your own first language B. definitely enhance your chances of getting a job C. what makes us human D. why you should learn a foreign language E. understanding of a country's culture子問題 1：D; 子問題 2：B; 子問題 3：E; 子問題 4：A; 子問題 5：C二、閱讀理解：正誤判斷子問題 1：F; 子問題 2：F; 子問題 3：F; 子問題 4：T; 子問題 5：F單元自測7題目：_ we've no money, we can't buy it.答案：Since題目：Apple developed its iPad-based textbooks in _ with major textbook publishers.答案：conjunction題目：But the Internet can bring some _ effects, too. The most common one, some teenagers are addicted to computer games on the Internet. 答案：negative題目：I have _ some courses and software to my Smartphone, and I find they are very interesting and easy to use. 答案：downloaded題目：No more having to buy expensive textbooks which you will only use for a year or two and then sell or _ away. 答案：give題目：Quizzes are part of the lecture program to keep students engaged and keep them _, for students to be able to check that they understood what was covered.答案：thinking題目：Smartphone makes it simple _ us _ take a photo. 答案：forto題目：Some universities offer free, non-credit MOOCs _ to anyone in the world.答案：available題目：We can certainly deliver high-quality education to many students at much _ cost.答案：lower題目：Well, that's to say, every coin has two sides, _ technology.答案：so does 三、 閱讀理解：判斷題A passenger told an air hostess that he needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. She told him that she would bring him the water in ten minutes.The air hostess was kept so busy that she forgot to give him the water. As a result, the passenger was held up to take his medicine. Thirty minutes later, when the passenger's ring for service sounded, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he refused.In the following hours on the plane, each time the air hostess passed by the passenger, she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not. But the passenger never answered a word.When he was going to get off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passengers' booklet. She was very sad. She knew that he would write down sharp words, but with a smile she handed it to him.Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and smiled, for the passenger put it. “On the flight, you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve sincere smiles?”That's right! Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person?操作提示：句子正確選擇下拉選項框為“T”；句子錯誤選擇下拉選項框為“F”。 1. A passenger wants a cup of water because he is thirsty.  回答  2. The air hostess forgot to give him the water on purpose.  回答  3. The passenger refused the cup of water. 回答  4. The passenger didn't write down any sharp words. 回答  5. This passage tells us that a sincere smile is of no use.  回答子問題 1：F; 子問題 2：F; 子問題 3：T; 子問題 4：T; 子問題 5：F二、閱讀理解：選擇題子問題 1：A; 子問題 2：C; 子問題 3：B; 子問題 4：A; 子問題 5：C單元自測8題目為隨機，用查找功能（Ctrl+F）搜索題目題目： I hope you are making _ for continuous education in your life. 答案：room題目： Mr. Wang, _, is coming up to us.答案：our new teacher 題目： One big         of formal education is the high cost. 答案：disadvantage題目：_ the regular classes, you can also attend many different seminars and take part in many extracurricular activities. 答案：Apart from題目： Did you enjoy your college life? _答案：Yes, it was rich and colorful. 題目： How long have you been graduated from your college?         答案： I've been graduated for five years.題目： I often feel lonely when I engage in my online learning. _ I join the online course community.答案：How do you solve this problem?題目： The advancement of technology has boosted the pace of our lives, and requires us to learn something new every day.                   I have chosen the online program at OU.答案：That is the reason why題目： What are your great strengths?                      答案：I am very active in discussion.題目：By making learning possible anytime and anywhere, distance education is a powerful tool _ supporting lifelong learning. 答案：for 題目：I have just finished the        in the online forum. 答案：discussion題目：It is believed lifelong learning is a crucial response to the challenge of the global _ economy. 答案：knowledge題目：Lifelong learning is both formal and non-formal; and the boundaries between face-to-face teaching and _ education are increasingly blurred. 答案：distance題目：The advancement of technology has boosted the pace of our lives, and requires us to learn _ every day just to stay current in the workplace. 答案：something new題目：The fact _ that we are behind the other classes.答案：remains二、 閱讀理解：判斷正誤Lifelong Learning & Distance Education The term “l(fā)ifelong learning” is very popular nowadays. It describes the need for people to continue their education and training throughout their lives. Lifelong learning is more and more important for everyone because people are now facing different career choices in changing economies. It is believed lifelong learning is a crucial response to the challenges of the global knowledge economy. Currently, most universities have reacted to the era of lifelong learning by adding new programs and services for adults who seek to combine employment with part-time study. Special arrangements have been developed for these students but the core activity of the university, providing teaching to full-time young undergraduates, often goes on much as before. Lifelong learning is both formal and non-formal; and the boundaries between face-to-face teaching and distance education are increasingly blurred. By making learning possible anytime and anywhere, distance education is a powerful tool for supporting lifelong learning. Technology-based teaching is creating new educational systems that anyone from anywhere can access. The key challenge for universities is to evolve from a teacher-centered model of education to student-centered model. The challenge for governments is that they have to develop new funding approaches and new quality assessment procedures. 操作提示：句子正確選擇下拉選項框為“T”；句子錯誤選擇下拉選項框為“F”。  The term “l(fā)ifelong learning” describes the need for people to continue their education and training in a certain period of their lives.   回答   The challenges of the global knowledge economy bring the needs for lifelong learning.   回答  Lifelong learning is non-formal.  回答  The universities should make the classroom student-centered.  回答  To develop a new quality assessment system is a challenge for the government.   回答子問題 1：F; 子問題 2：T; 子問題 3：F; 子問題 4：T; 子問題 5：T