KEY SENTENCES 1. A: When was the car invented? B: It was invented in 1885. 2. A: When were the battery-operated slippers invented? B: They were invented last year. 3. A: Who were they invented by? B: They were invented by Julie Thompson. 4. A: What are they used for? B: Theyre used for seeing in the dark. 5. In this way, one of the worlds favorite drinks was invented.T: Whats this called in English？S: Its called a telephone.T: When was the telephone invented?S: It was invented in 1876.T: What is it used for?S: It is used for talking with each other.T: Who was the telephone invented by?S: It was invented by Bell.Who was invented by?It was invented by Henry FordEdisonBellCai LunBi ShengWright brothersInventorsInventionspaper-makingplane carlight bulbtelephoneprintingA: What is this? B: It is a light bulb. A: What is it used for?B: It is used for giving light.A: Do you think it is helpful?B: Yes, I think so. Because I always do homework and read books in the evening by its light.A: What is this?B: It is an alarm clock. A: What is it used for?B: It is used for waking people up in the morning.A: Do you think it is annoying?B: Sometimes, when I want to go on sleeping.A: What is this?B: It is a microwave oven. A: What is it used for?B: It is used for cooking or heating food.A: Do you think it is helpful?B: Yes, I think so. Because my parents are very busy and I can use it to cook meals by myself.crispy and saltypotato chipslemonsour ice creamsweet Different foods have different tastes, so they taste different. tea bitter that potato chips were invented by mistake? Chips by a chef called George Crum. They were invented in .George Crum cooked them for a long time until they . And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were . Did you knowwere invented1853were crispyreally salty Tea, the most _ _ in the world (after water), was invented _ _ .Although tea _ _ to the _ _ until 1610, this _ was _ over three thousand years before that. _ _ an _ _ _ , the _ Shen Nong discovered tea when he was boiling _ _ over an open fire. Some leaves from a _ _ _ _ the water and _ there for some time. The emperor _ that the leaves in the water _ a _ _ . Later he _ _ taste the _ _ . It was quite delicious. And _ _ _ , one of the worlds favorite drinks _ _.popular drinkby accidentwasnt broughtwestern worldbeveragediscoveredAccording toancient Chinese legendemperordrinking waternearby bush fell intoremainednoticedproducedpleasant smelldecided tohot mixturein this waywas invented the invention of tea Basketball is still a young game . Its over a hundred years old . In the winter of 1891 , a certain college was having some trouble with its boy students . The weather was bad and the students had to stay indoors . As they couldnt play outdoors , they were unhappy , and some even got into fights from time to time. Some of the teachers , at the college asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game so that the students might have something to play with . It was not easy to invent such a game because it had to be played indoors , and the court was not very large. Dr. Naismith thought for a few days and invented a kind of ball game . It was a fast ,wonderful game with much moving and passing of the ball . It was played between two teams . To make a score , the ball had to be thrown into the basket ten feet above the floor on the wall . At each end of the court there was such a basket . At first , Dr. Naismith wanted to throw the ball into a box . As he could not find boxes of the right size , he had to use fruit baskets instead . That is how the game got its name.1. 1. 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) (1). (1). 被動語態(tài)表示句子的主語是謂語動詞所表示的動作被動語態(tài)表示句子的主語是謂語動詞所表示的動作承受者。承受者。(2). (2). 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+be+及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞( (如果是不及物動詞，其過去分詞應(yīng)帶有相應(yīng)的介詞如果是不及物動詞，其過去分詞應(yīng)帶有相應(yīng)的介詞) ) (3). (3). 被動語態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)中的be be 是助動詞是助動詞，有，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化變化。 一一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動語態(tài)為般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動語態(tài)為：am/is/are+過去分詞過去分詞一般過去時(shí)被動語態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)被動語態(tài)為：was/were+ 過去分詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)為 : am/is/are +being +過去分詞過去分詞一般將來時(shí)為一般將來時(shí)為了了: will/is going to be+ 過去分詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為: have/has +been +過去分詞過去分詞與情態(tài)動詞連用的被動語態(tài)與情態(tài)動詞連用的被動語態(tài): :情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ be + + be + 過去分詞過去分詞 (4). (4). 被動語態(tài)中動作的發(fā)出者或執(zhí)行者做介詞被動語態(tài)中動作的發(fā)出者或執(zhí)行者做介詞byby的賓語，的賓語，放在句末，放在句末，by by 表示表示“由，被由，被”的意思的意思如何理解被動語態(tài)？如何理解被動語態(tài)？ 為取勝更清晰、更深刻地理解被動語態(tài)的含義，可以將為取勝更清晰、更深刻地理解被動語態(tài)的含義，可以將主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行比較。主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行比較。 主動語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)： 主語主語+ 謂語動詞謂語動詞 + 賓語賓語 + 其他成分其他成分 被動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)： 主語主語+ be +過去分詞過去分詞 + by +賓語賓語 +其他其他成分成分 如：如： Many people speak English.被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) English is spoken by many people.被動語態(tài)1、在不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)、在不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)他的自行車被人偷走了。他的自行車被人偷走了。有你的電話。有你的電話。2、當(dāng)動作的執(zhí)行者是泛指或不言自明時(shí)、當(dāng)動作的執(zhí)行者是泛指或不言自明時(shí).中國是中國是1949年解放的。年解放的。3、當(dāng)動作的承受者是談話的中心或需要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)、當(dāng)動作的承受者是談話的中心或需要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)我的表修好了。我的表修好了。4、出于委婉、禮貌而避免提及自己或?qū)Ψ綍r(shí)、出于委婉、禮貌而避免提及自己或?qū)Ψ綍r(shí)希望你認(rèn)真做。希望你認(rèn)真做。5、在文章的標(biāo)題、廣告、新聞等中（省略、在文章的標(biāo)題、廣告、新聞等中（省略be）6、當(dāng)動作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)、當(dāng)動作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí). His bike has been stolen.You are wanted on the phone.China was liberated in 1949.My watch has been repaired.You are wished to do it more carefully.Girls wanted. (省略省略are) Road Blocked. (省略省略is)The house was washed away by the storm.PAY ATTENTION:1.這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中to 離開，被動句中離開，被動句中to回回 來。來。（see, hear, watch, let, make, have) 1. He made me do the work. I was made _ the work by him. 2. I saw him enter the cinema just now. He was seen _ the cinema just now.to doto enter3. Tim被那個(gè)老板支使每天干重活兒。被那個(gè)老板支使每天干重活兒。Tim is made to do lots of had work by the boss every day. 2.如遇雙賓語時(shí)，用直接賓語作主語時(shí)，間接賓語前加如遇雙賓語時(shí)，用直接賓語作主語時(shí)，間接賓語前加to/for.如如give,buy等等She gave me a book.I was given a book by her.A book was given _ me by Her.to3. 含有介詞的動詞詞組的被動語態(tài)，須將其看含有介詞的動詞詞組的被動語態(tài)，須將其看作一個(gè)整體，不可把它們分隔開來。作一個(gè)整體，不可把它們分隔開來。 They take good care of the baby.is taken good care ofThe baby_ by them.1. 世界上許多國家都講英文。世界上許多國家都講英文。 English is spoken in many countries all over the world . 2. 紙是中國發(fā)明的。紙是中國發(fā)明的。 Paper was invented in China.3. 這棟大樓是去年建造的。這棟大樓是去年建造的。 The building was built last year.Make sentences 4. 這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。 This novel has been translated into several languages. 1.雖然他很年輕雖然他很年輕,但是他很懂事但是他很懂事.Although (he is) quite young, he knows a lot.3他們結(jié)束訓(xùn)練時(shí)將被派往部隊(duì)。他們結(jié)束訓(xùn)練時(shí)將被派往部隊(duì)。They would be sent to the army when they finished the training.4.我應(yīng)邀參加了音樂會我應(yīng)邀參加了音樂會.I was invited to the concert.5.汽車是在汽車是在1885年發(fā)明的年發(fā)明的.Cars were invented in 1885. 6.我希望這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動將在全世界普及我希望這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動將在全世界普及.I hope this game will be played all over the world.7.許多樹正在被砍伐許多樹正在被砍伐.Many trees are being cut down .8.我的汽車已經(jīng)修好了我的汽車已經(jīng)修好了.My car has been repaired. 9.這件事必須盡快做這件事必須盡快做.This must be done as soon as possible.11.她已經(jīng)不是過去的她了。她已經(jīng)不是過去的她了。She is not the girl that she used to be.12.籃球是可以在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行的運(yùn)動?；@球是可以在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行的運(yùn)動。Basketball is a sport that can be played indoors.3. Inventors invented inventions.n. 發(fā)明家發(fā)明家 v. 發(fā)明發(fā)明 n. 發(fā)明發(fā)明 可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞Inventions were invented by inventors.4. salty adj. 咸的咸的 salt n. 鹽鹽 sour adj. 酸的酸的, sweet adj.甜的甜的 n. 糖糖(果果) sweets = candy/candies bitter adj.苦的苦的5. make sb./sth. +形容詞形容詞 使使怎么樣怎么樣 It made me happy. 它使我高興它使我高興 make sb./sth. do sth 讓讓做做 It made me laugh. 它讓我發(fā)笑它讓我發(fā)笑be madeoffrom看得出原材料看不得出原材料be made into 被制作成被制作成be made in +地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn) 由由制造制造be made by + 執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者 被被制作制作be made up of 由由組組/構(gòu)成構(gòu)成一、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空一、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(50分）。分）。1. This kind of TV set (make ) in that factory .2. The Great wall (know) to the people all over the word3.They use knives (cut )things.4.My clothes (wash ) once a week .5.Whats it used for? For (keep) off the rain.6. the books (write) in English? Yes, they are.7. I cant decide which book (buy ).8. They are busy (clean)the classroom.is madeis knownare washedto cutkeepingArewrittento buycleaningEXERCISES1. Wood can be used for _ (make) tables. 2. The jacket is _(make) of cotton. 3. Where are Oranges _ (grow)? 4. English is_(speak) all over the world. 5. Knives are used for _ (cut) things. 6. Trees are _ (plant) in spring. makingmadegrownspokencuttingplanted14. leaf n. 葉子葉子 復(fù)數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)形式 leaves15. nearby adj. 附近的附近的 如：如： the nearby river16. fall into 落入落入 掉進(jìn)掉進(jìn) 如：如：The leaf fell into the river. 葉子落入了河里。葉子落入了河里。 fall down 摔倒摔倒 如：如：She fell down from her bike. 她從她自行車摔倒了。她從她自行車摔倒了。17. quite 非常非常 adv. 與冠詞與冠詞a連用時(shí)，冠詞連用時(shí)，冠詞a必須放在它的后面必須放在它的后面 如：如： quite a beautiful girl 一個(gè)相當(dāng)漂亮的女孩一個(gè)相當(dāng)漂亮的女孩 very 非常非常 adv. 與冠詞與冠詞a連用時(shí)，冠詞連用時(shí)，冠詞a必須放在它的前面必須放在它的前面 如：如： a very beautiful girl 一個(gè)非常漂亮女孩一個(gè)非常漂亮女孩 注：注：當(dāng)不與冠詞當(dāng)不與冠詞a 連用時(shí)，兩者可以互用連用時(shí)，兩者可以互用 如：如： I am very happy.= I am quite happy. 我非常高興。我非常高興。18. pleased adj. 高興的高興的 pleasant adj.令人高興的令人高興的;令人愉快的令人愉快的 please v. 使高興使高興; 使同意使同意20. battery-operated adj. 電池控制的電池控制的21. in the sixth century 在第在第6世紀(jì)世紀(jì) 22. travel around 周游周游23. more than =over 超過超過 如：如： more than 300 = over 300 超過超過30024. including prep. 包括包括 (可以與名詞和動名詞連用可以與名詞和動名詞連用) 如如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6個(gè)人包括一個(gè)小孩受傷了個(gè)人包括一個(gè)小孩受傷了 25. have been played 被上演被上演 (是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)： have /has been +過去分詞過去分詞26. be born 出生出生 He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生他在加拿大出生27. safety n. 安全安全 safe adj. 安全的安全的 safely adv.安全地安全地 save v.救救,節(jié)省節(jié)省.29. divide sth. into 將將劃分成劃分成.通常指將一個(gè)整體分成幾個(gè)對應(yīng)相對的部分通常指將一個(gè)整體分成幾個(gè)對應(yīng)相對的部分 如：如： Lets divide ourselves into 4 groups. 讓我們把我們自己劃成讓我們把我們自己劃成4組。組。30. since then 自從那以后自從那以后 (常與常與完成時(shí)完成時(shí) 態(tài)連用態(tài)連用) 如：如： Since then, I have left Beijing. 自從那以后，我已經(jīng)離開了北京。自從那以后，我已經(jīng)離開了北京。1. 用于做某事用于做某事2.在暗處在暗處3. 鬧鐘鬧鐘4.燈泡燈泡5.最有益的發(fā)明最有益的發(fā)明6. 在島上在島上7. 整天整天8.足夠瘦足夠瘦9.最后最后, 終于終于10.把把撒在撒在上上11. 錯(cuò)誤地錯(cuò)誤地be used for doing sthin the darkalarm clocklight bulbthe most helpful inventionon the islandall daythin enoughin the end = finally / at lastsprinkle . onby mistake=be used to do sthbe used by sbbe used asall nightthe most annoying inventionsalty/sweet enoughI took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿錯(cuò)了雨傘。我不小心拿錯(cuò)了雨傘。1. 偶然地偶然地,意外地意外地2.三千多年前三千多年前3. 根據(jù)根據(jù)4.一個(gè)古老的中國傳說一個(gè)古老的中國傳說5.在戶外火堆上在戶外火堆上6. 落入落入7. 散發(fā)令人愉快的氣味散發(fā)令人愉快的氣味8.用這種方法用這種方法,這樣這樣9.飲用水飲用水10.繼續(xù)留在那兒繼續(xù)留在那兒11. 用這種方法用這種方法,這樣這樣12.撞上撞上13.歷史上歷史上by accident / chanceover three thousand years agoaccording toan ancient Chinese legendover an open firefall intoproduce a pleasant smellin this waydrinking waterremain therein this wayknock intoin history1.我在打掃房間時(shí)我在打掃房間時(shí),偶然找到了鑰匙偶然找到了鑰匙.I FOUND THE KEY _ _ WHEN I WAS CLEANING THE ROOM.2. 人們認(rèn)為在人們認(rèn)為在1891年年12月月21日舉行了歷史上的第一場籃球日舉行了歷史上的第一場籃球比賽比賽.IT _ _ THAT ON DECEMBER 21ST, 1891, THE FIRST BASKETBALL GAME _ _ WAS PLAYED.3. 昨天他掉進(jìn)河里了昨天他掉進(jìn)河里了.HE _ _ THE RIVER YESTERDAY.by accidentis believedin historyfell intoIt is / believed /said / thought / reported = people believe / say / think1.The girl smiles, because the trip is p_.2.The wine bottle was _ (生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)) in Korea.3.The company was built in the eighties of the twentieth _ (世紀(jì)世紀(jì)).4.I think the telephone is an important _ (發(fā)明物發(fā)明物).5. This story is an _(古老的古老的)Chinese legend.6.Today its so easy to do the washing. You just need to _ (扔扔) the clothes into the washing machine.7.When autumn comes, the _ (葉子葉子) on the trees turn yellow or red.8.As we know, China is _ (發(fā)展發(fā)展) much faster now than ever before. 9.I was asleep when my old friend came to _ (敲敲) at the door.leasantproducedcenturyinventionancientthrowleavesdevelopingknock根據(jù)開頭字母，補(bǔ)全單詞根據(jù)開頭字母，補(bǔ)全單詞1.Do you know who the computer was i _by?2. The seat belt on a plane are a _.3. It was a big m_ to leave my umbrella at home.4. A c_ is a hundred years.5. Boys, stop t_ stones to the poor dog.6. The cake t_ delicious.7. All the workers were made_ (工作工作) over ten hours a day in those days.nventeddjustableistakeenturyhrowingastesto work用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 2. When _ your classmate _ (come) into his class this morning? 3. His father was ill. He had to _ (stay) at home today. 4. _ you ever _ (see) that man over there, Alice? 5. Dont forget _ (close) the windows when you leave your room.Have stay comedidto close seen7. It _ (be) so hard that we couldnt see the way to our school clearly. 8. English _(speak) in the world widely. 9. The boy might _ (become) a good scientist in the future.was is spoken become 二二.單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇1. The bridge _ by the farmers themselves in 1982.A. built B. was built C. build D. was build 2. All the books will _ to the children who live in the small village.A. be sentB. sent C. be send D. send3. Keys _ used for _ the doors.A. is, openingB. is, opened C. are, opening D. are opened 4. My mother told me that my homework must _ on time.A. finishB. be finish C. be finished D. finished BACC5. The police found the lost car _. A. with mistake B. by accidentC. by mistake D. in accident 6. I dont like this kind of potato chips because they are not _. A. crispy B. sweetC. soft D. sour 7. They decided _ at the end of this month. A. to leave B. going back C. travelD. not stat out 8. Its used for _ clearly in the dark. A. seeingB. seeC. looking D. look BAAA9. When _ the car _?A. did, invent B. was, invented C. does, invent D. in, invented 10. Jack _ leave _ his teacher comes back.A. doesnt, until B. /, until C. wont, / D. wont, until BD5. Would you like some tea, please? - Yes, I prefer tea _ sugar. A. to B. for C. with D. than6. I _ over 1000 stamps by the end of last month. A. collect B. have collected C. collected D. had collected7. _ April Fools Day people often play jokes _ each other.A.One, for B. On, in C. On, with D. On, onCDC