27美國遭遇罕見龍卷風(fēng)襲擊事件 2023中考英語時事熱點(diǎn)話題專練 背景事件： 美國遭遇罕見龍卷風(fēng) 海外網(wǎng)12月26日電據(jù)英國《每日郵報》26日報道，當(dāng)?shù)貢r間25日晚，美國加利福尼亞州圣塔芭芭 拉市遭遇了一場罕見的龍卷風(fēng)，強(qiáng)風(fēng)破壞了金屬車棚、鋼梁等建筑。 社交媒體上的照片顯示，公寓大樓外的大樹被龍卷風(fēng)吹倒，樹根暴露在外。大樹倒在金屬車棚頂部,停在棚下的汽車也被嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。公寓大樓外的電線被風(fēng)吹斷，有鋼梁被吹彎，拋到了 20多英尺（約6.1米） 之外。一名社交媒體用戶表示，龍卷風(fēng)持續(xù)時間很短，在一分鐘內(nèi)就結(jié)束了。目擊者稱，盡管龍卷風(fēng)造成 了破壞，但暫時沒有人受傷。 進(jìn)入12月以來，美國頻繁遭遇龍卷風(fēng)災(zāi)害。當(dāng)?shù)貢r間12月10 口晚至11 口凌晨，龍卷風(fēng)席卷了美國 多個州，造成至少79人死亡。 【分析】MatlSuler的夢想是親身經(jīng)歷龍卷風(fēng)，本文介紹了他去年三月經(jīng)歷龍卷風(fēng)的故事。 22. Matt visited Tornado Alley in Kansas, (B)American.馬特參觀了美國堪薩斯州的龍卷風(fēng)巷。Kansas 在美國， 應(yīng)用America表示，所以將American改為America。 23. He didn't see any tornadoes in (C) first week of his visit.他在訪問的第一周沒有看到龍卷風(fēng)。此處表示“第 一”，序數(shù)詞first前需加定冠伺the,所以在first前加the。 24. (G)Nothing broke the window and hit Matt on the head.沒有什么東西打破窗戶砸到馬特的頭上。根據(jù)“hit Matt on the head”可知，應(yīng)該是有東西破窗而入，所以將Nothing改為Something。 25. Malt had a few cuts (^□ ) (I)and nothing was serious.馬特有幾處傷口,沒有什么嚴(yán)重的。前后兩句構(gòu) 成轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用bul連接，所以將and改為bul。 26. He was very lucky (J)be alive.他很幸運(yùn)能活著。此處用于形容詞lucky后，應(yīng)使用動詞不定式形式作原因 狀語，所以將be改為to be。 六、材料作文書面表達(dá) 根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇有關(guān)自然災(zāi)害的文章(80詞左右)。 1.4月21 口，一場龍卷風(fēng)(lornado)襲擊了湖南衡陽(Hengyang);.一開始，天變黑，大家能聽到一陣奇怪的噪音，很害怕，無人知道正發(fā)生什么； 2 .幾分鐘后，人們聽到雷聲，看到閃電，然后一切開始移動，最后，它突然停止；.在這次災(zāi)難中，7人死亡，2400多房屋倒塌，數(shù)千人無處居住，學(xué)生無處上課； 3 .災(zāi)難后，人們開始互救，許多警察來幫助；.如果大家都樂于幫助需要幫助的人，世界將充滿愛。 【答案】 On April 21 st, a tornado hit Hengyang in Hunan. At the beginning, the sky became dark. Everyone could hear a strange noise. They were very afraid. But nobody knew what was happening. A few minutes later, people heard the thunder and saw the lightning. Then everything began to move. Finally, it suddenly stopped. During the disaster, seven people lost their lives. Over 2,400 houses fell down. Thousands of people had nowhere to live. The students had no classrooms to have lessons. After the disaster, people began to help each other. Many policemen came to help. I think everyone should be willing to help people in need, and the world will be full of love. 【解析】 【詳解】 這篇作文要求我們根據(jù)提示描寫發(fā)生在湖南衡陽的一場龍卷風(fēng)，題FI中給出了具體的寫作內(nèi)容，詳細(xì) 表達(dá)了這次災(zāi)害發(fā)生的過程以及災(zāi)后的影響，我們需要用正確的英語將這些內(nèi)容表達(dá)出來。通過審題可知， 這篇短文記敘的是過去發(fā)生的一件事，故全文應(yīng)以一般過去時為主來表達(dá)，注意應(yīng)將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，尤 其應(yīng)注意不規(guī)那么動詞的過去式形式。文章最后的感受可以用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。寫作中應(yīng)注意英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣和漢語 是不同的，不能依據(jù)提示逐詞翻譯，寫漢語式的英語，應(yīng)從句子的整體結(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā)，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~、短語、 句型，句式以簡單句為主，如主謂賓或主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。為提升文章檔次，可穿插使用并列句或復(fù)合句以及其 他復(fù)雜句式。同時語句之間使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接成分，使文意連貫。 【點(diǎn)睛】 這是一篇優(yōu)秀的作文，短文作者根據(jù)題目要求和提示，介紹了發(fā)生在湖南衡陽的這次自然災(zāi)害。首先 文章內(nèi)容完整，包含了題FI中所要求的所有內(nèi)容，沒有遺漏要點(diǎn)。文章中作者按照時間的順序，描述了災(zāi) 難發(fā)生前、災(zāi)難中的情景以及災(zāi)難造成的損失和影響，并發(fā)表了自己的感受。層次清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)有條理。其 次短文中使用了正確的時態(tài)和人稱，文章以一般過去時為主，注意了謂語動詞過去式的變化，語法規(guī)范， 用詞準(zhǔn)確，語言得體。文章中還使用了一些較好的短語和句型，$11 But nobody knew what was happening.、 A few minutes later, people heard the thunder and saw the lightning.、Thousands of people had nowhere to live. The students had no classrooms (o have lessons、I think everyone should be willing to help people in need, and the world will be full of love.等。 一、單項(xiàng)選擇bad news it was that the tornado （龍卷風(fēng)）hit （his area and killed many people! A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a【答案】A 【詳解】句意：龍卷風(fēng)襲擊這個地區(qū)并且殺了許多人，多么壞的新聞??！ 考查感嘆句。形容詞bad修飾不可數(shù)名詞news,用“what+adj+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語”結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)選A。 1. Luckily, the twister （龍卷風(fēng)）didn't do any damage to our house. Which is correct for the underlined part? A. /e/B. /ei/C. /x/D. /i/【答案】C 【解^5]句意：幸運(yùn)的是，龍卷風(fēng)沒有給我們家造成任何損害。劃線局部哪?個（音標(biāo)）是正確的？ damage這個單 詞的讀音/'daemi由/ ，故應(yīng)選C。 二、閱讀單項(xiàng)選擇A Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples. It had been an unusual day. The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started （o be a rumbling （隆隆的） sound heard across the ground. Jason's father immediately realized that a tornado （龍卷伙I） was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately. Jason and his father got out of the car and made their way to the closest building. By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over （he place. Jason couldn'l see his dad anymore. He also realized that he wasn't getting to the building fast enough. He was afraid he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air. As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. He could see an irrigation ditch （灌溉 渠）.In a panic, he scrambled （爬）to the ditch and lay flat on the ground. More debris and objects flew overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was nervous. He had never been in a tornado before. After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone. Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage. He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building. Once there, he pushed the door open and went inside. It was a public building owned by the city. It was empty, but Jason could hear noises further inside. He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across (he room and gave him a big hug. “Jason! How are you? I've been worried sick about you!” said his father.441 couldn't find you anywhere!” Jason breathed a sigh of a relief (松了 一 口氣)and sat down. He did have a story to tell! 2. From Paragraph 1, we can get the of the story. A. background B. development C. climax (most exciting part) D. endingWhich of (he following is the right order according to the passage? ® Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch. ② Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug. ③ Jason got out of the car. ④ Jason noticed a field (o his right. A.②①③④B.③C. ③D.③①②④The underlined word “Debris“ in Paragraph 2 probably means. A. parts of the tornado B. apple piesC. broken pieces D. drop of rainThe story tells us that when we are in danger,. A. we should wait patiently until help comeswe should work hard to make our dreams come (rue B. we should be brave enough to change naturewc should be quick-thinking and believe in ourselves 【答案】3-6. ABCD 【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述Jason和爸爸經(jīng)歷了一次龍卷風(fēng)，最后平安活了下來，和爸爸團(tuán)聚。 3 .推理判斷題。分析第一段內(nèi)容可知，第一段交代了故事的背景，應(yīng)選A。 4 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jason and his father got out of the car", "As he made his way towards (he building, he noticed a field to his right.”, “Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around."和“He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.”可知，正確的順序是③④①②，應(yīng)選B。 5 .詞義猜想題。分析“By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place.”可知，這時風(fēng)刮得更厲害了，幾乎看不見也聽不到，殘骸到處都是。此處Debris的意思是 “殘骸”，應(yīng)選C。 6 .推理判斷題。Jason意識到自己沒方法平安抵達(dá)大樓后，在慌亂中迅速給自己找到避難的地方，作者借 此告訴我們應(yīng)該思維敏捷，相信自己。應(yīng)選D。 B In my high school, school drills （，寅習(xí)）arc held about once every two months without warning. The reason is that the school wants to prepare us fbr unexpected disasters（災(zāi)難），like earthquakes and tomadoes（龍卷風(fēng)）.Also, the drills prepare us for events such as shootings or fires. The two main drills are for fires and lockdowns （封鎖）. Every classroom in the school building has a red light in a top corner of the wall. When the school is having a fire drill, the light will tum on. Students must then leave the classroom in an orderly（有秩序的）way before leaving （he building through a safety exit （出 口）. A lockdown drill, the other main drill US schools have, is mainly used to prepare for school shootings, bombings （爆炸）or other forms of terrorism （恐怖主義）.In a lockdown drill, students in hallways must go into （he nearest classroom. All the classrooms must （hen be locked. Students are told to hide in a corner of the classroom so that anyone outside can'i see them directly. The classroom lights should all be turned off and the curtains （窗簾）should be down. This means that during the drill, the classroom is in complete darkness. The drill lasts between five to 10 minutes. The point of the drills is to make everyone in the school building familiar （熟悉）with what to do in an emergency （緊急情況）.Drills are also useful for testing whether escape routes （逃跑路線）are effective. Il is clearly a good thing to be prepared ahead of a disaster. 7 . How many drills does the writer's high school hold each year? A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 12 . Which of the following is TRUE about the drills? A. They （rain students to get out of their classrooms quickly. B. Students practice how to stay safe during an emergency （突發(fā)事件）. C. Students will get a notice before having a drill. D. The lights in al） school buildings will be turned on during a drill. 8 . If students are told to hide in a corner of a dark classroom, they are havingA. a lockdown drillB. a fire drill C. an earthquake drillD. a tornado drill. What is the last paragraph （段）mainly about? A. What students think about drills. B. Why drills are necessary. C. How drills can be improved. D. How students can prepare for drills. 【答案】7-10. CBAB 【分析】 本文主要介紹學(xué)校舉行的兩個主要演習(xí)：火災(zāi)和封鎖。 7 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段首句“…school drills （演習(xí)）are held about once every two months without warning?,可知，學(xué)校大約每兩個月舉行一次演習(xí)，一年有十二個月，所以有六次演習(xí)。應(yīng)選C。 8 .推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Students must then leave the classroom in an orderly （有秩序的）way before leaving the building through a safety exit （出 口）.“及第四段"Students arc told to hide in a corner of the classroom so that anyone outside can't see them directly."可知，消防演習(xí)時學(xué)生要有序離開教室，封鎖演習(xí)時學(xué)生們被告知要 躲在教室的一個角落里.，不要被外面的人看到。由此說明演習(xí)是讓學(xué)生們練習(xí)如何在突發(fā)事件中保持平安。 應(yīng)選B。 9 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“A lockdown drill,...Students are told to hide in a comer of the classroom…”可知,學(xué)生們被告知要躲在教室的一個角落里，他們在進(jìn)行封鎖演習(xí)。應(yīng)選A。 10 .段落大意題。通讀最后一段可知，演習(xí)的目的是讓每個人都熟悉在緊急情況下該怎么辦，對于測試逃 生路線是否有效也很有用，由此說明了演習(xí)的必要性。應(yīng)選B。 三、短文漢語提示填空The Myth of crop circles Have you ever heard of the crop circles? It's a magic event: crops in the field get curved （彎 曲的）over one night and show different patterns （圖案）.Most times, they show simple circles or circles with rings. So they are named “crop circles”. It's not a I。 event. But in ancient times, people couldn't see these patterns, because you need to see them from some h places and there were no tall buildings in the fields. With the invention of planes, a lotof aerial （航空的）p let people see the crop circles with their own eyes. Some people say they are the work of tornado （龍卷風(fēng)）；and some believe（超自然的）powerc them. But most people think it's just a trick played by artists. According to some research, 80 percent of the crop circles may be man-made. But some facts arc undeniable. At Stonehenge （英國 巨石陣）in 1996, a pilot r seeing nothing while flying above the place. Fifteen minutes later, a huge 900-foot pattern of 149 circles a. This took eleven scientists more than five hours to survey. How could human beings finish it in just 15 minutes? No one has a certain answer. 11. mh 12. pc 13. ra 【答案】. modem 12. high 13. photos 14. created 15. reported 16. appeared 【分析】 文章大意：本文主要講述了麥田怪圈的神話而且這是一個不解之謎。 11 .句意：這不是現(xiàn)代的事件。 根據(jù)空前不定冠詞a和空后名詞event可知，此空應(yīng)填形容詞，由下句But in ancient times, people couldn't see these patterns,可知，此空是“現(xiàn)代的”意思，結(jié)合句意和首字母提示可知，故答案為modern。 12 .句意：但在占代，人們看不到這些圖案，因?yàn)槟阈枰獜囊恍└咛幙吹剿鼈?，田野里沒有高樓。 根據(jù)空前不定代詞some和空后名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式places可知，此空應(yīng)填形容詞，結(jié)合句意和首字母提示可知， 表示“高出“，故答案為high。 13 .句意：隨著飛機(jī)的創(chuàng)造，許多航空照片讓人們親眼看到麥田怪圈。 根據(jù)空前a lot of aerial可知，此空應(yīng)填名詞，結(jié)合句意和首字母提示可知，是photo”照片”，且根據(jù)a lot of 可知，用復(fù)數(shù)，故答案為photos。 14 .句意：有些人說它們是龍卷風(fēng)的產(chǎn)物；有些人認(rèn)為是超自然的力量創(chuàng)造了它們。 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句缺少謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意和首字母提示可知，此空是“創(chuàng)造”的意思，create創(chuàng)造， 且用一般過去時，故答案為created.句意：1996年，在巨石陣，一名飛行員報告說，他在巨石陣上空飛行時什么也沒看到。 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句缺少謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意和首字母提示可知，此空是“報告”的意思，report報道， 旦用一般過去時，故答案為reported。 15 .句意：15分鐘后，一個由149個圓圈組成的900英尺的巨大圖案出現(xiàn)了。 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句缺少謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意和首字母提示可知，此空是“出現(xiàn)”的意思，appear出現(xiàn)， 且根據(jù)全文可知，用一般過去時，故答案為叩peared,四、閱讀補(bǔ)全句子 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用符合語意及語法規(guī)那么的詞填空。 In the Charles F. Johnson Elementary School in New York, there is a special radio. It gives people warnings about bad weather. One day, there came a sound from the radio. This sound brought (he piece of news; a heavy storm was coming. William Tomic, principal(校長)of the school, asked teachers to bring children indoors and put them in a safe place at once. Minutes later, the storm came. However, because of (he warning of the radio and the quick work of the principal, no one was hurt. "The radio really did work very well. Wc felt happy about its work,“ William Tomic said. “The parents were as wcll.^^ The US government hopes there will be more such success stories. It plans to give this kind of radios to all 97,000 public schools in the country. Every year, more than 10,000 big thunderstorms, 2,500 floods, 1 ,()(X) tornadoes(龍卷風(fēng))and some hurricanes(颶風(fēng))take place in the US, so the warning radios are very useful. They not only give people warnings about bad weather, but also give warnings about other dangerous things. 16 . The radio gives people warnings about wealhe匚. was hurt in the school in the storm because of the warning of (he radio and the quick work of the 17 . According to William Tomic's words, the school the parents are satisfied with the work ofthe radio. 18 . When extreme weather happens, such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, hurricanes and so on, people are. The best title of the passage can be "to help keep the students 【答案】special bad 17. Nobody principalboth and 18. in dangerRadios safe 【分析】主要講述在美國，收音機(jī)為人們發(fā)出惡劣天氣和危險事情的警告，由于這種警報，防止了許多不必要的傷 害和損失。 17. 根據(jù)the Charles F. Johnson Elementary School in New York, there is a special radio. It gives people warnings about bad weather."nJ^T1,在紐約的查爾斯約翰遜小學(xué)，有一個特別的收音機(jī)。它給人們關(guān)于壞天氣 的警告。根據(jù)本句以及空后“radio gives”和“weather”可知，是special和bad。故填special； bad。 18. 根據(jù)“However, because of the warning of the radio and the quick work of the principal, no one was hurt.”可知, 由「廣播的警告和校長的快速工作,沒有人受傷。n。one對應(yīng)nobody,在句首首字母大寫;第二空是principaL 故填 Nobody； principal (>根據(jù)“'The radio really did work very well. We felt happy about its work/ William Tomic said. ’The parents were as well J”可知，學(xué)校和家長對收音機(jī)的工作很滿意。as well意為“也”，此處表示學(xué)校和家長“都……”， 因此是both…and。故填both； and。 19. 根據(jù)"Every year, more than 10,000 big thunderstorms, 2,500 floods, 1,000 tornadoes (龍卷風(fēng))and some hurricanes (颶風(fēng))take place in the US, so the warning radios are very useful.”可知，每年美國都會有很多災(zāi)難， 大雷雨，洪水，龍卷風(fēng)和颶風(fēng)。因此第4題這里說的是“人們處于危險中工be in danger是固定搭配，意為 “處于危險中"。故填in； dangero本文主要說的是收音機(jī)為人們發(fā)出惡劣天氣和危險事情的警告，讓人們遠(yuǎn)離危險。因此第一空是Radios： 第二空是“保護(hù)學(xué)生的平安”，用形容詞形式safe。故填Radios； safe。 五、短文改錯For (he following passage there are ten underlined parts. Among the underlined parts, five are wrong. Please choose (he wrong parts.下面的短文中有10處畫線局部，其中有5處是錯誤的，請選出錯誤的局部。 Matt Suter's dream was to see a real live tornado (龍卷伙I) . His dream (A)came true last March. Matt visited Tornado Alley in Kansas, (B)American. He didn't see any tornadoes in (C) first week of his visit. Then, one night. Matt (D)woke up because of the sound of the strong winds outside. He got up and (E)looked out of (he window. As he watched, the huge funnel (漏斗)of a tornado appeared not (F)far from Matt's campsite. Rubbish flew through the air.(G)Nothing broke the window and hit Matt on the head. He fell out of the camper. The (H )winds picked Matt up into the air and carried him four hundred metres away. Matt had a few cuts (傷 口)(I)and nothing was serious. He was very lucky (J)bc alive. 20. 21. 22. 【答案】B. American-America 22. C.在 first 前加 theG. Nothing-Something 23. I. and-butJ. be-to be