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1、40湯加遭遇史詩(shī)級(jí)海底火山爆發(fā) 火山海嘯自然災(zāi)害需引起高度重視2023中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題專(zhuān)練 背景事件： 湯加遭遇千年一遇的高強(qiáng)度海底火山噴發(fā)，多國(guó)發(fā)布海嘯預(yù)警。 新華社發(fā) 南太平洋島國(guó)湯加的洪阿哈阿帕伊島14日和15日發(fā)生火山噴發(fā)，首都努庫(kù)阿洛法觀測(cè)到 海嘯。日本、美國(guó)、加拿大等國(guó)均發(fā)布海嘯預(yù)警。專(zhuān)家指出，事發(fā)地火山口已蘇醒，噴發(fā)活躍 期可持續(xù)數(shù)周甚至數(shù)年，尚不清楚目前是否已達(dá)噴發(fā)的峰值。 ■ 湯加首都主耍街道被淹 ■ 多國(guó)發(fā)布海嘯預(yù)警 ■ 聯(lián)合國(guó)隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備提供支持 ■ 中國(guó)外交部：愿提供力所能及的支持和援助 外交部發(fā)言人汪文斌16日就湯加火山爆發(fā)答記者問(wèn)時(shí)表示，中方十

2、分關(guān)注湯加火山爆發(fā) 并引發(fā)海嘯、火山灰等災(zāi)害，愿應(yīng)湯方要求提供力所能及的支持和援助。 據(jù)新華社北京1月16日電 來(lái)源：長(zhǎng)江日?qǐng)?bào) The sea floor was moved. A. Rock and sand were mixed. B. The storm blew up the sea. C. A huge mountain appeared. 16. According to Mohammad Danish,. A. it is safe to visit mud volcanoesit is a bad time to do research B. some pla

3、ces on the island were on firegas from the newly formed island was dangerous. 【答案】14-16. CAD 【分析】文章大意：巴基斯坦西南部地區(qū)在發(fā)生7. 7級(jí)地震后，在瓜德達(dá)港附近海域冒出一座小島，引起當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?圍觀。地震專(zhuān)家普遍猜想，這座小島很可能是海底泥火山噴發(fā)造成的，應(yīng)該過(guò)一段時(shí)間就會(huì)在海浪的沖擊 下消失。 14. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It looked like a huge whale/5 Bahram Baloch, a local reporter, told the BBC.當(dāng)?shù)赜浾甙?赫拉姆?

4、巴洛赫對(duì)BBC說(shuō)：“它看起來(lái)像一頭巨大的鯨魚(yú)。”可知，應(yīng)選C。 15. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) This gas pushed the seabed, mostly rock and sand, out of the water.氣體推動(dòng)海床（大多 數(shù)是巖石和沙子）露出水面?？芍谝徊绞堑卣鸢l(fā)生；第二步是氣體釋放；第三步是推升海床；第四步是 露出海面。應(yīng)選A。 16. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)科學(xué)家說(shuō)的話“It will catch fire, when a match was lit,” said Mohammad Danish, a scientist, to Universe Today.它（危險(xiǎn)

5、氣體）會(huì)引起火災(zāi)當(dāng)火柴點(diǎn)燃的時(shí)候?？芍@個(gè)島嶼上的氣體是危險(xiǎn)的，應(yīng)選D。 National disasters around the world are happening at an alanning rate in 2018. Every few weeks, we're witnessing earthquakes that destroy whole cities, wildfires that burn thousands of lands, and cyclones that cause mass flooding. Indonesia Tsunami(海嘯) Date D

6、ecember 22, 2018 Cause It's believed that undersea landslides from the Anak Krakatau volcano caused a violent tsunami which struck at night. Damages 1,500 injured and an estimated 22.000 displaced Deaths 430 Fall 2018 California Fires Dale November 8-November 25 Cause Though the cause of

7、each is unknown, three separate wildfires broke out in early November 2018: the Camp fire in Paradise; (he Hill fire in the Santa Rosa Valley and the Woolsey Fire in Los Angeles and Ventura counties. The worst of the three, the Camp fire, completely destroyed (he town of Paradise. Damages 230,000+

8、 acres (combined) Deaths 91 (combined) The Indonesia Earthquake And Tsunami Date September 28, 2018 Cause Shifting plates caused the 7.5 magnitude earthquake, and the quake set off the tsunami, which scientist couldn't predict. Damages Roughly 2.4 million people were affected by the pair

9、of natural disasters. More (han 1.000 inma【es from five prisons escaped after the natural disaster, and policemen are asking them return within the week. Deaths 844 and counting Hurricane Florence Date started September 13 Cause The hurricane was caused by naturally occurring weather patterns

10、. Damages Within 24hours of landfall, the massive hurricane flooded homes and streets in North Carolina. Up to 40 inches of rain flooded areas of the Carolinas. A week after (he hurricane, major highways remained flooded and closed. Death 42 Super Typhoon Mangkhut Dale Started week of Septemb

11、er 9, 2018 Cause Natural occurring weather patterns Damages The typhoon caused massive flooding and power loss throughout Guam and Marshall. On September 16, the typhoon made landfall in Guangdong, China, killing four people. Deaths 69+ 17. What caused the Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami in

12、September? A. Shifting plates.B. Explosion of the volcanoes. C. Changes of weather patterns.D. Undersea landslides. 18. Which natural disaster may cause the most deaths? A. Typhoon Mangkhut.B. The Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami. C. Hurricane Florence. D. Fall 2018 California Fires. 19. What

13、 does the underlined word “inmate " mean? A. Patients.B. Policemen. C. Prisoners.D. Doctors. 20. Which of (he following statements is TRUE? A. The hill fire is the worst among the three separate wildfires in California. B. Typhoon Mangkhut caused damage to North Carolina and Marshall. C. A week

14、 after Hurricane Florence, major highways became normal. D. Natural disasters took place frequently in 2018. 21. Where can we possibly read the passage? A. Travel guide. B. Science fiction. C. Magazine.D. Advertisement. 【答案】17-21. ABCDC 【分析】2018年全球?yàn)?zāi)難以竟然的速度在發(fā)生，每幾周我們就會(huì)見(jiàn)證地震摧毀城市、野火燒毀陸地和颶風(fēng)引起洪水。 本文以表

15、格的方式介紹了特大的自然災(zāi)害。 17 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Shifting plates caused the 7.5 magnitude earthquake, and the quake set off the tsunami, which scientist couldn* predict.可知板塊移動(dòng)導(dǎo)致了 7.5級(jí)地震，地震引發(fā)了海嘯。應(yīng)選A。 18 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格可知印尼海嘯引起430起死亡；加利福尼亞大火引起91起死亡；印尼地震和海 嘯引起844起死亡；颶風(fēng)引起42起死亡；臺(tái)風(fēng)山竹引起69起死亡。因此印尼海嘯和地震引起的死亡人數(shù) 最多。應(yīng)選B。 19 .詞義猜想題。

16、根據(jù)...fYom five prisons escaped after the natural disaster, and policemen are asking them return within the week.可知這些人是從監(jiān)獄跑出來(lái)的，警察要求他們一周之內(nèi)回去，因此可推斷他們應(yīng)該是罪犯。 應(yīng)選C。 20 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) The worst of the three, the Camp fire, completely destroyed the town of Paradise.可知三種 大火里面 the Camp fire 是最嚴(yán)重的，A 選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù) The typ

17、hoon caused massive flooding and power loss throughout Guam and Marshall.可知山竹主要地區(qū)是 Guam 和 Marshall, B 選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù) A week after the hurricane, major highways remained flooded and closed.可知颶風(fēng)過(guò)后的一周，主要高速公路仍然保持淹沒(méi)并關(guān) 閉，C 選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù) National disasters around the world are happening at an alarming rate in 2018.可知 2

18、018 年全球?yàn)?zāi)難以竟然的速度在發(fā)生。D選項(xiàng)正確。應(yīng)選D。 21 .推理判斷題。本文介紹了 2018年一些嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，因此不可能出現(xiàn)在旅游雜志、科幻小說(shuō)或者廣 告中。應(yīng)選C。 【點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包含推理和判斷。推理是為了做出正確的判斷，正確的判 斷又依附于合乎邏輯的推理。該題要求在理解外表文字的基礎(chǔ)上做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意 思和深層意思，也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及食物的開(kāi)展等一直信息，推斷出作者沒(méi)有 直接表達(dá)的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。例如第5小題，題目問(wèn)這篇文章會(huì)出現(xiàn)在什么上面。此題根據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，以及 內(nèi)容可以推斷出，不可能出現(xiàn)在旅游

19、雜志、科幻小說(shuō)或者廣告中。從而得出答案。 F Tsunami（海嘯）is a natural disaster, which is a Japanese word that means “sea wave”. A tsunami is a huge sea wave that forms mainly in （he Pacific Ocean area. People die and property is destroyed when a tsunami hits land. What causes these dangerous sea waves? Sometimes, tsunam

20、is arc caused when earthquakes take place underwater. Then, water begins to move up and down from the top of the ocean right down to the bottom. Waves begin to form, and each wave is called a tsunami. A tsunami is less than one meter high and can move at a speed of almost 800 kilometers per hour wh

21、ile it is far out in the ocean. But the tsunami rises higher and higher and moves more slowly as it conies closer to land. The weather bureau（z （象局）warns people over the radio and television when a tsunami is heading fbr land. These warnings have helped save many lives. 22. The Japanese word “tsun

22、ami” means. A. earthquake B. sea wave C. ocean water D. tornadoAccording to the passage, a tsunami can be caused by. A. an underwater earthquakeheavy rains B. waves hitting landtornado 23. As the tsunami moves toward land, it. A. picks up more speedbecomes far less dangerous B. rises higher an

23、d higherrises lower and lower 24. According （o this passage, . A. a tsunami can't cause lots of troublepeople can save their lives when a tsunami is coming B. the warning from the weather bureau can help people save their livesno one can escape when a tsunami is coming 【答案】22-25. BACC 【解析】本文介紹了

24、海嘯的意思，以及起因和表現(xiàn)。當(dāng)海嘯來(lái)臨時(shí)，氣象局的警報(bào)能幫助挽救很多人的生 命。 22. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Tsunami（海嘯）is a natural disaster, which is a Japanese word that means "sea wave”.可知在 日語(yǔ)中“tsunami”的意思是海浪，應(yīng)選B。 23. A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Sometimes, tsunamis are caused when earthquakes take place underwaler.可知海嘯是由水下 的地震導(dǎo)致的，應(yīng)選A。 24. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) But the tsunam

25、i rises higher and higher and moves more slowly as it conies closer to land.可知 當(dāng)海嘯越靠近陸地時(shí)，它上升的越來(lái)來(lái)越高，應(yīng)選C。 25. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) The weather bureau（氣象局）warns people over the radio and television when a tsunami is heading for land. These warnings have helped save many lives.可知?dú)庀缶值木瘓?bào)能幫助挽救很多人的生命。故 選C。 點(diǎn)睛：根據(jù)題干要求

26、，在文中尋找答案所在的語(yǔ)句或段落，進(jìn)行分析理解，詞義猜想，概括歸納和推理判 斷，選出正確的選項(xiàng)。例如小題 3,根據(jù) But the tsunami rises higher and higher and moves more slowly as it comes closer lo land.可知當(dāng)海嘯越靠近陸地時(shí)，它上升的越來(lái)來(lái)越高，應(yīng)選C。 For hundreds of years. Japan has been hit, from time to lime, by enormous (巨大的)tsunamis(海嘯).These awful sudden risings of the

27、 sea are caused by earthquakes or underwater volcanic actions. The story of the boy Yuuki is the story of such a disaster. Yuuki lived with his family in a seaside village, below a small mountain. One day, as he played on top of the mountain, Yuuki felt a small earthquake bu( it was not strong enou

28、gh to frighten anybody and passed quickly. Soon after, however, Yuuki noticed the sea darken and begin running away from the shore very fast, leaving behind wide stretches of beach that had never been seen before. With a grasp, Yuuki rcmcnibcrcd reading that just before a terrible tsunami, the sea

29、suddenly and quickly rolls backward. He ran to the beach, warning the villagers who had gathered to admire the new beach land. “Get back!M shouted the boy, "There is a terrible danger!MBut no one listened. They laughed at him and continued playing in the new sand and watched ihe sea roll backward e

30、ven more. Desperate, Yuuki could think of only one thing to do. He lit a tree branch, raced to the rice fields and began burning the harvested rice. Then he called out, "Fire! Fire! Everyone run to the mountain! Now!” When everyone reached the mountain-top, a villager cried out, “Yuuki is mad! I s

31、aw him set the fire." Yuuki hung his head in shame, but said nothing as the villagers cursed him. Just then, someone shouted, "Look!” In the distance what seemed to be a huge dark line was speeding towards the shore. As it got nearer the people realized the long thin line of darkness was the return

32、ing sea, towering like a mountain. The villagers watched in terror as the water struck the shore, smashing over their homes (hen tearing out the land as it receded. On the mountain everyone stared speechlessly a( (he destruction below. 'Tm sorry I burned the fields J said Yuuki, his voice trembli

33、ng. “Yuuki,“ villagc-chicf answered.44You saved us all.”The villagers chccrcd and raised Yuuki into the air. uWc were going to celebrate our rice harvest tonight/* said one, “but now we'll celebrate that wc'rc all still alive!”Where was Yuuki when the earthquake struck? A. On the beach. B. On (h

34、e mountain. C. In the rice fields. D. At his family home. 27. In what order did the following events take place? a. Yuuki set fire lo the rice fields. b. The villagers laughed and played on (he beach. c. The land was tom away by the waler. d. Yuuki ran to warn the villagers. c. The villagers

35、 stared at the destruction. f. The people were cursing Yuuki. A. d, b, e, a, c, fb, a, d, e, c, f B. d, h, a, f, c, ea, d, b, c, f, c 28. How did Yuuki save the villagers from the disaster? A. He told them about the earthquake. B. He explained why the sea was flowing out. C. He told the villa

36、ge chief lo warn the people. D. He set fire lo the rice field. 29. What were the people planning to do before the tsunami struck their village? A. Harvest the rice crop. B. Play on the beach. C. Climb the mountain. D. Celebrate the rice han,est. 【答案】26-29. BCDD 【分析】試題分析：這篇短文主要講述一個(gè)叫Yuuki的日本男孩

37、如何在海嘯來(lái)臨之前拯救村民的故事。文章介紹, Yuuki在山上玩耍時(shí)覺(jué)察到了細(xì)微的地震，并注意到大海的昏暗，他趕緊警告海濱的村民撤離，但是沒(méi)有人 相信他。無(wú)奈之下，Yuuki放火燃燒了收割的稻谷以逼迫村民跑上山頂。就這樣，在海嘯來(lái)臨之前，Yuuki 拯救了村民。 26 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文 One day, as he played on lop of the mountain, Yuuki felt a small earthquake 的描述川 知，發(fā)生地震的時(shí)候，Yuuki在山上玩耍。應(yīng)選B。 27 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章故事情節(jié)開(kāi)展可知，Yuuki從山上跑來(lái)警告在海邊玩耍說(shuō)笑的村民

38、，村民不信，Yuuki 于是放火燃燒稻谷，后被村民抓住，海嘯到來(lái)，駐地被水淹沒(méi)，村民注視著這毀滅性的災(zāi)害。應(yīng)選C。 28 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) He lit a tree branch, raced to the rice fields and began burning the harvested rice 的描述可 知，Yuuki燃燒稻［II逼迫村民山上才拯救了村民。應(yīng)選D。 29 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文“We were going to celebrate our rice hanest tonight,^^ said one, "but now we'll celebrate tha

39、t we're all still alive!”的描述可知，村民原本準(zhǔn)備慶祝水稻豐收。應(yīng)選D。 考點(diǎn)：故事類(lèi)短文閱讀。 H Do you still remember the disaster（災(zāi)難）several years ago? In Indonesia （印度尼西亞）thousands of people were killed by the tsunami（海嘯）that washed people out to sea and pulled children out of their parents' aims. "The weather was fine with no

40、 clouds .There was no warning and suddenly the sea water just hit the city. In some parts the water was as high as two meters." a man in the city said. uSadli, an official at the hospital, said many of the dead in the city were children under the age of ten.” "Maybe the children were being carried b

41、y their hold but they fell over in the water and couldn't hold on to their children .All the dead children drawed." said Sadli. Officials said hundreds of houses had been swept away the force （力量）of five -meter -high waves across Acch, which lies on the northern tip （末端）of Sumatra Island . "Tens of

42、people saw the rushing water and didn't run to high ground .Instead, they kept watching it .Several of my workmates are missing.^^ Lelana said by telephone. 30. According to the passage,were missing in the tsunami. A. some officialssome of Sadli's friends B. some children under the age of ten D.

43、some of Lelana's workmatesIn the tsunami,swept away hundreds of houses. A. huge wavesB. strong windsC. heavy rainD. rushing river waler 32. ”.…There was no warning and suddenly the sea water was as high as two meters.”"Waming“here meansA.預(yù)兆B.借鑒C.教導(dǎo)D.教訓(xùn) 33. . .but they fell over in the water and c

44、ouldn't hold on to their children.”“They” here refers to. A. officials B childrenB. the deadC. the children's parents 34. Some people saw the rushing water and didn't run to high grounds because. A. they couldn't run fastthe ground was too high to reach B. they didn't know they were in dangerthe

45、 rushing water stopped them from running. 【答案】30-34. CAADC 【分析】.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，由文中句子“many of the dead in the city were children under the age of ten."“可知。 30 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題，由文句“hundreds of houses had been swept away the force (力量)of five -meter -high waves across Aceh,“可知。 31 .詞義理解題，由文中語(yǔ)句推斷可知。 32 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題,由文中語(yǔ)句“"

46、Maybe the children were being carried by their hold but they fell over in the water and couldn't hold on to their children .“可知。 33 .理解推斷題，由句子“Tens of people saw the nishing water and didn't run to high ground .Instead, they kept watching it 可知。 二、多任務(wù)混合閱讀 Natural disasters are a part of life, and

47、 there is no way to (A) prevent them happening However, the harmful effeets of natural disasters can often be reduced. 一、閱讀單項(xiàng)選擇 A The Exploding Lakes of Cameroon What comes to mind when you think of a lake? You probably imagine a pretty scene with blue water, birds, and fish. For the people in t

48、he northwestern Cameroon, however, the image is very different. For them, lakes may mean terrible disasters. In 1984, poisonous gases exploded out of Lake Monoun and came down into the nearby villages, killing thirty-seven people. Two years later, Lake Nyos erupted a cloud of gases rolled down the h

49、ills and into the valleys and killed 1,700 people. Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are crater (火山 口)lakes. They were formed when water collected in (he craters of old volcanoes. The volcanoes under Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are not active anymore. However, poisonous gases from (he center of (he earth con

50、tinue to flow up through cracks in (he bottom of the lake. This is normal in a crater lake. In most crater lakes, these gases are released often because the water “l(fā)ums over” regularly. That is, the water from the bottom of the lake rises and mixes with the water at the top, allowing (he gases to es

51、cape slowly. However, in Lakes Nyos and Monoun, there is no regular turning over. No one knows the reason for this fact, but as a result, these lakes have more gases tapped at the bottom than other crater lakes. In fact, scientists who have studied Lakes Nyos and Monoun have found 16,000 times more

52、 gases. When a strong wind, cool weather, a storm, or a landslide (滑坡)causes the water to turn over suddenly, the gases escape in a violent explosion. In the past, no one knew when the gases might explode, so there was no way for the villagers to escape First, avoid places where natural disasters

53、often take place For example, the 2011 earthquake and tsunami (海 嘯)in northern Japan happened in exactly the same place as other (B) serious disasters in the past Because of past disasters, some towns were moved away from the area, and warnings were posted everywhere, reminding people (hat if there

54、was an earthquake, a tsunami would certainly However. (C)許多人沒(méi)注意這些警告.Many towns were rebuilt in the same places as (D), so they were destroyed again in (he 2011 earthquake. (E), build stronger houses and buildings because sometimes we do not know an area is a disaster zone (地IX) until a disaster hit

55、s. Often, the disaster itself docs not kill people People arc often killed because they are living or working in badly—made buildings. Finally, wc need better warning systems. So people can leave disaster area before a disaster hits. (F) If wc follow these rules, many lives can be saved. 35 .寫(xiě)出畫(huà)線

56、局部(A)和(B)的同義詞或近義詞；.將畫(huà)線局部(C)譯成英語(yǔ)： 36 .在(D)和(E)的空白處分別填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~；.將畫(huà)線局部(F)改寫(xiě)為 If these rules many lives can be saved. 37 .從文中找出兩種自然災(zāi)害：. 【答案】stop; bad/lerrible/awful 35. Many people didn't/did not give/pay attention to the warnings. 36. before; Second/Next/Thenare followed 37. earthquake; tsunami【

57、分析】 本文主要介紹了如何應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害的一些防范措施。 35. prevent阻止,動(dòng)詞，其同義詞為stop,意為“阻止”,動(dòng)詞，stop sb. doing sth.阻止某人做某事；serious 嚴(yán)重的，形容詞，此處用來(lái)形容自然災(zāi)害的程度；其近義詞為bad/terrible/awfulo故填stop； bad/(eiTible/awfulo 36.許多人:many people：注意:give /pay attention to,固定短語(yǔ)；這些警告：Ihe warnings,此處特指用定 冠詞ihe,因?yàn)槭恰斑@些警告”故用復(fù)數(shù)形式warnings： “沒(méi)注意”說(shuō)明句了?是一個(gè)否認(rèn)句，根

58、據(jù)本段時(shí)態(tài)為一 般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此變否認(rèn)時(shí)需要使用助動(dòng)詞didn't (did not的縮寫(xiě)形式)，助動(dòng)詞之后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填Many people didn't/did not give/pay attention to the warnings. 37 .根據(jù)“Many towns were rebuilt in the same places as…”可知，許多城鎮(zhèn)在相同的地方像以前一樣被重建。 此處使用as before,表示“像以前一樣(E)位于句首，根據(jù)第二段句首“First首先”以及第四段句首“Finally 最后''可知，第二段句首是“Second笫二/Next下一步"hen然后

59、”符合文章分段結(jié)構(gòu)；句首首字母大寫(xiě)。故填 before； Sccond//Ncxt/Theno.句意：如果我們遵循這些規(guī)那么，許多生命可以被拯救。分析畫(huà)線局部的句子可知，原句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn) 在時(shí)；改寫(xiě)的句子表達(dá)的是“如果這些規(guī)那么被遵守“，因此使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即bc+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞； 主語(yǔ)these rules是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are, follow的過(guò)去分詞是followed。故填are followed.. 38 .根據(jù)文章第二段第四行“…reminding people that if there was an earthquake, a tsunami would certai

60、nly However.“可知，提醒人們，如果發(fā)生地震，海嘯肯定會(huì)隨之而來(lái)。由此可知，兩個(gè)自然災(zāi)害的具體名稱(chēng)為 earihquake 地震；isunami 海嘯。故填 earthquake； tsunami(>三、語(yǔ)法填空 Paricutin is a new volcano (火山).It is active today. One day 40. 1943, a farmer was in his fields. He was 41. (surprised) to see steam coming from the ground. 42. (sudden), the land opened

61、 and lava (熔巖)started to come out. The farmer 43. (hurry) back to his village to tell everyone. The villagers 44. (be) very frightened. After a few 45_：_ (hour), there was already a small mountain of lava. Next morning, it was over 15 meters high. About 500 people lived in the town of San Juan near

62、(here. They decided to leave, so (hey moved 46. another (own. They were very lucky 47. the lava covered (覆蓋)San Juan (wo weeks later. Paricutin 48. (stop) producing lava after nine years, when it was 425 meters high. Today, the church tower is 49. only thing you can see in San Juan. 【答案】. in41. sur

63、prised42. Suddenly43. hurricd44. were 45. hours46. to47. bccause48. stoppcd49. the【分析】 文章主要介紹了帕里庫(kù)廷火山是一座新火山。它是1943的一天爆發(fā)的，并介紹了當(dāng)時(shí)的一些情況。 40.句意：1943年的一天，一個(gè)農(nóng)民在田里干活。空格后是“1943”，年份前用介詞in,故填in。 41 .句意：他驚訝地看到蒸氣從地上冒出來(lái)。空格放在was后面作表語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用形容詞，且修飾的是主語(yǔ)He, 應(yīng)用ed形容詞，surprised“感到驚訝的“，是形容詞，故填surprised。 42 .句意：突然，大地裂開(kāi)了，熔

64、巖開(kāi)始冒出來(lái)?？崭裥揎椀氖钦麄€(gè)句子，應(yīng)用副詞，sudden“突然的”，是 形容詞，其副詞是suddenly,位于句首首字母要大寫(xiě)，故填Suddenly。 43 .句意：農(nóng)夫急忙回村里告訴大家。文章描述過(guò)去的事情，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用 過(guò)去式,故填hurried。 44 .句意：村民們非常害怕。主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，描述過(guò)去的事情用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所 以be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用were,故填were。 45 .句意：幾個(gè)小時(shí)后，已經(jīng)有一座小熔巖山了?？崭袂坝衋 few修飾，名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填hours。 46.句意：他們決定離開(kāi)，所以他們搬到了另一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。move t

65、o“搬到……”，是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，t。是介詞， 故填too.句意：他們非常幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)閮芍芎笕蹘r覆蓋了圣胡安?？蘸蟊碓颍虼擞胋ecause引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句， 故填 because o 47 .句意：帕里庫(kù)廷火山在9年后停止噴發(fā)熔巖，當(dāng)時(shí)巖漿高達(dá)425米。描述過(guò)去的事情用一般過(guò)去時(shí)， 動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，故填stopped o.句意：今天，教堂塔是你在圣胡安唯一能看到的東西。根據(jù)"onlything”可知，此處表達(dá)的是“唯一的東 西”，英語(yǔ)表達(dá)為the only thing,故填the。 四、短文選詞填空A serious hit feel also experience stress sudd

66、en slow building their but When an earthquake happens, part of the Earth's surface moves. In fact, the surface of （he Earth moves all the time. The tectonic plates（地殼板塊）which make up the surface press against each other very 50. . Over thousands of years, this movement creates great 51. . In some places where the layers（表層）of rock are weak, this finally causes a 52. movement -an earthquake. Thousands of earthquakes happen every day, 53. most are very small and cause no damage. A large earthquak