29鄉(xiāng)村振興 2023中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題專練 背景事件2021年中央一號(hào)文件提出全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興 2021年中央一號(hào)文件21日正式發(fā)布 文件提出全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興，加快農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化。這是21世紀(jì)以來(lái)第18個(gè)指導(dǎo)“三農(nóng)”工作的中 央一號(hào)文件。凸顯了新開(kāi)展階段黨中央對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村工作的高度重視?！笆濉睍r(shí)期現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)取得重 大進(jìn)展，鄉(xiāng)村振興實(shí)現(xiàn)良好開(kāi)局。 “十四五”時(shí)期是開(kāi)啟全面建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家新征程，向第二個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)進(jìn)軍的第一個(gè)五 年。民族要復(fù)興鄉(xiāng)村必振興。黨中央認(rèn)為新開(kāi)展階段“三農(nóng)”工作依然極端重要。要堅(jiān)持把解決好“三農(nóng)” 問(wèn)題作為全黨工作重中之重，把全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興作為實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大更興的一項(xiàng)重大任務(wù)。舉全黨全 社會(huì)之力加快農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化，讓廣大農(nóng)民過(guò)上更加美好的生活。為此，文件明確實(shí)現(xiàn)鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅(jiān) 成果同鄉(xiāng)村振興有效銜接，加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。 一、閱讀單項(xiàng)選擇 Do you like potato chips? Can you imagine someone putting off graduation just to make them? This is exactly what happened with Du Haotian, a student from Shaanxi province. The potato chips Du is making are called guoba, usually made of millet rice （小米）,but here Du chose colored potatoes as the ingredients （原料）. Zhenba, in the south of Shaanxi, has been trying to sell high-quality （質(zhì)量）potatoes. But the sales are at a low level. Du, a student of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, together with his team, introduced colorful potatoes and made them into crispy, fried potato snacks. After trying again and again, it gradually lumed into a popular snack at Du's university. At the end of last year, Du's team set up their own factory in the village to plant and produce the snacks locally. At the beginning of this year, the production line was put into use. However, while helping the local community, Du was under pressure to graduate. Although he was supposed to graduate in June 2020, Du offered to put off graduation for one year. Du said the production line project was still on the way and he wanted to live 叩 to the expectations of the villagers. UA lot of my friends and teachers told me not to do that. But if the factory is built but does not run well, it would be against my original intention （初心） Finally, Du's teacher supported him. Recently, Du's potato snacks took part in a college food competition. His product was once in the first place with the support of many local villagers, which touched Du. "Rural revitalization （鄉(xiāng)村振興）depends on industrial revitalization. I want to make an effort with my hard work in this process.^^What's Du's guoba made of? A. millet riceB. crispy com C. sweet potatoes D. colorful potatoesHow did Du's team help potato sales in Zhenba? A. They planted high-quality potatoes.B. They produced a new potato snack. C. They sold potatoes in the university.D. They helped protect the environment. 1. The time order of the following sentences is. ®Du decided to put off graduation. ②Du's team set up their own factory. ③Du's snacks became popular at his university. A.①②③B.①③(g)C. @®®D.③①②What's the meaning of “l(fā)ive up to“ according to paragraph 3? A.到達(dá)B.依賴C.調(diào)查D.尊敬Which saying can express the spirit of the passage? A. It's never too old to learn.B. Hard work paints a bright color for a young life. C. A good beginning is half done.D. Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 【答案】1-5. DBCAB 【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，.主要講述了大學(xué)生杜好田創(chuàng)造了鍋巴這款零食，但是因?yàn)閯?chuàng)業(yè)，他不得不推遲畢業(yè)的 故事。 1 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“but here Du chose colored potatoes as the ingredients”可知，他用了有顏色的土豆作為配 料。應(yīng)選D。 2 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"together with his team, introduced colorful potatoes and made them into crispy, fried potato snacks.”可知，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在鎮(zhèn)巴研發(fā)出了鍋巴這款零食。應(yīng)選B。 3 .細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“it gradually turned into a popular snack at Du's university”可知,首先鍋巴在大學(xué)里成為 了受歡迎的零食；再根據(jù)"Du's team set up their own factory in the village to plant and produce the snacks locally,, 可知，其次他的團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)立了自己的工廠；再根據(jù)"Du offered to put off graduation fbr one year.”可知，最后杜 好田決定推遲畢業(yè)。應(yīng)選C。 4 .詞義猜想題。根據(jù)“Du said the production line project was still on the way and he wanted to live up to the expectations of the villagers.”可知,生產(chǎn)工程仍在進(jìn)行中，他希望live up to村民們的期望,故推測(cè)live up to 是到達(dá)的意思。應(yīng)選A。 5 .推理判斷題。根據(jù)"I want to make an effort with my hard work in this process.”可知,本文主要講述 了 大學(xué) 生杜好田努力創(chuàng)業(yè)，研發(fā)出鍋巴這款零食，為了創(chuàng)業(yè)，不得不推遲畢業(yè)的故事，所以故事表達(dá)了努力創(chuàng)業(yè)，努力工作的精神。應(yīng)選B。 二、閱讀還原6選5 請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，使短文意思通順， 并在答題卡上將選項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。 Poverty（貧困）is a big problem around the world. 6. On Feb 25, President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a “complete victory^^ in the fight against poverty. Over the past eight years, the last 98.99 million people have shaken off poverty, which was one of the goals of the 13th Five-Year Plan in China. Besides, China has helped end 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s, according to the World Bank. 7. Such great achievements have caught the eyes of the world. How did China make it? 8^ Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Since 2015. 3 million officers from governments, state-owned companies, and public organizations have also been sent to rural areas. 9. Zhang Guimei is one of them. She set up a free senior high school for girls and helped them go to college. Mao Xianglin led the villagers to build the road although it was hard. Shaking off poverty is not the end, but the starting point of a new life. This year, the National Administration for Rural Revitalization（國(guó)家鄉(xiāng)村振興局）was set up. 10. Hopefully, there will be strong businesses, a pleasant living environment, and a civilized aimosphere（文明的氣氛）. A. Il found its own way to fight poverty. B. Even common people have played an important role in fighting poverty. C. Its goal is to fully develop the countryside. D. In fact, China met the goal listed in the United Nations 2030 Plan ahead of time. E.There is still a long way to go. F.But China has done a good job of dealing with it. 【答案】6-10. FDABC 【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了中國(guó)達(dá)成了減貧計(jì)劃，并成立了旨在全面開(kāi)展農(nóng)村的國(guó)家鄉(xiāng)村振興局。 6 .根據(jù)下文“On Feb 25, President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a "complete victory'' in the fight against poverty”可知，國(guó)家很好地解決了貧困這一問(wèn)題。F選項(xiàng)“但中國(guó)在應(yīng)對(duì)這一問(wèn)題上做得很好”符合語(yǔ) 境，應(yīng)選F。 7 .根據(jù)［:文“Besides, China has helped end 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s, according to the WorldBank”可知，此處在說(shuō)中國(guó)減貧對(duì)世界的意義。D選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，中國(guó)已經(jīng)提前實(shí)現(xiàn)了聯(lián)合國(guó)2030年 規(guī)劃中所列的目標(biāo)“符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選D。 8 .根據(jù)下文"Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people …”可知，此處在介紹中 國(guó)的減貧方法。A選項(xiàng)“中國(guó)找到了自己的脫貧之路”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選A。 9 .根據(jù)下文“Zhang Guiinei is one of them”可知，此處說(shuō)的是普通人也參與到了減貧的工程中。B選項(xiàng)“就連 老百姓也在扶貧中發(fā)揮了重要作用"符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選B。 10 .根據(jù)上文“This year, the National Adm根stration for Rural Revitalization(國(guó)家鄉(xiāng)村振興局)was set up”可知。 此處是在介紹國(guó)家鄉(xiāng)村振興局的目標(biāo)。C選項(xiàng)“它的目標(biāo)是全面開(kāi)展農(nóng)村”符合語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)選C。 三、短文綜合填空 Last month, a restaurant selling Shaxian snacks 11.(open) in the United States. It was 12. popular thatall of its dishes sold out within three hours on the first day it was open. Shaxian snacks come from Shaxian County in Fujian province, selling local food from Shaxian. The most. /fei mas/ ones are peanut butler 14.(noodle) and pork wontons. There are also many other dishes to 15. /tf u:z/ from. Some are 16.(tradition) , while others are new. But the thing they have in common is that nodishes are 17. /I ks'pensi v/. That might be 18. they are very popular. Recently it's the first time for President to visit Shaxian snacks that have got (he basic achievements, but you should go 19. exploring and improving. llNow you arc 20. (need) to revitalize the urbanized rural areas(城市化鄉(xiāng)村振興).This is called coming into being. I hope you'll make persistent efforts." He says. 【答案】11. opened 12. so 13. Famous 14. noodles 15. choose 16. traditional 17. expensive 18. why 19. on 20. needed【分析】 本文介紹了沙縣小吃，它在美國(guó)很受歡迎，近日習(xí)近平主席參觀沙縣小吃，希望繼續(xù)探索和改進(jìn)，沙縣小 哈為城市化鄉(xiāng)村振興再接再厲。 11 .句意：上個(gè)月，一家出售沙縣小吃的餐館在美國(guó)開(kāi)業(yè)了。根據(jù)時(shí)間“Last month”可知此句時(shí)態(tài)使用一般 過(guò)去時(shí)。故填opened。 12 .句意：它很受歡迎，開(kāi)張的第一天，所有的菜在三個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)就賣完了。本句是so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀 語(yǔ)從句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“so+形容詞+that+從句”，故填so。 13 .句意：最有名的是花生醬面和豬肉餛飩。famous/fei mos/著名的，多音節(jié)形容詞，最高級(jí)是the most famous； 故填 famous o.句意：最有名的是花生醬面和豬肉餛飩。此處泛指面條，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指此類事物，noodle面 條可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)是noodles。故填noodles。 14 .句意：還有許多其他菜可供選擇。根據(jù)"1?！笨芍崭裉幨褂脛?dòng)詞原形，是動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ);choose /tf u:力 選擇，動(dòng)詞；故填choose。 15 .句意：有些是傳統(tǒng)的，有些是新的?？崭裉幾鞅碚Z(yǔ),使用形容詞;iradilion傳統(tǒng)，名詞，其形容詞是iradilional。 故填 traditional,>.句意:但他們的共同點(diǎn)是，沒(méi)有菜是昂貴的?？崭裉幾鞅碚Z(yǔ)，使用形容詞；expensive/i ks'pcnsi v/昂貴 的，形容詞；故填expensive。 16 .句意：這可能就是他們很受歡迎的原因。根據(jù)上文“But the thing they have in common is that no dishes are expensive.”可知不貴是沙縣小吃受歡迎的原因。由此可知，本句是why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句：故填why。 17 .句意：近口，習(xí)近平主席首次參觀沙縣小吃，雖然已經(jīng)取得了基本的成績(jī)，但你們還是要繼續(xù)探索和 改進(jìn)。go on 繼續(xù)，固定短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)"have got the basic achievements, but you should go...exploring and improvingM 可知需要繼續(xù)探索和改進(jìn)。故填。n。 18 .句意：現(xiàn)在需要你們城市化鄉(xiāng)村振興。根據(jù)句意和語(yǔ)境可知主語(yǔ)you和動(dòng)詞need是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此句是 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其構(gòu)成是bc+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。故填needed。 四、完成句子.在未來(lái)，人們將會(huì)在鄉(xiāng)村建更多的高樓。 , people more tall buildings in the countryside. 【答案】Inthe future will build【詳解】 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句意“在未來(lái)”可知句子時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：will+動(dòng)詞原形；通過(guò)中英文句子比照可知，英文句子中缺少“在未來(lái)''和"將建造”的表達(dá)，“在未來(lái)'‘英文表達(dá)是in〔he fulure, “將建造"will build；故 答案為(1). In (2). the (3). future (4). will (5). build 19 .她已經(jīng)帶著所有村民走向了財(cái)富和幸福之路。 She's already all the villagers towards the road to wealth and. 【答案】led happiness【詳解】 根據(jù)中英文比照可知，第一空應(yīng)填“帶著dead) ”，結(jié)合“already”和語(yǔ)境可知，此句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， 其構(gòu)成為“have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞“，has已在句中給出，所以第一空應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞lead的過(guò)去分詞led；第二空 應(yīng)填“幸福(happiness) ”，happine辛是不可數(shù)名詞,所以填原形即可。故填led； happiness,五、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空 20 . Building a is what we hope fbr and what we'll work hard fbr.(美麗的鄉(xiāng)村)【答案】beautiful countryside/beautiful village 【詳解】句意：建設(shè)一個(gè)美麗的鄉(xiāng)村是我們所希望的，也是我們努力奮斗的目標(biāo)。beautiful美麗的，形容詞； countryside/village農(nóng)村，鄉(xiāng)村，是名詞，空格前有a修飾，名詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，故填beautiful countryside/villageo 六、漢譯英.我們一定要把我們的家鄉(xiāng)建成美麗的鄉(xiāng)村。(sure) Wc. 【答案】are sure to (urn our hometowns into beautiful villages/are sure (o turn our hometown into a beautiful village【詳解】 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此題為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一定：be sure to do,主語(yǔ)we是復(fù)數(shù)，故be動(dòng)詞用arc；把變成/把建成：turn...into；我們的家鄉(xiāng)：our hometowns/our hometown；美麗的鄉(xiāng)村：beautiful villagcs/a beautiful villageo 故填 are sure to turn our hometowns into beautiful villages/are sure to turn our hometown into a beautiful village七、材料作文 21 .改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，中國(guó)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。尤其是黨的十九大提出鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略后，美麗鄉(xiāng)村 建設(shè)就步入了快車道。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開(kāi)展以“家鄉(xiāng)的巨變”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李洪，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以 下表格提示用英文寫一篇短文投稿，談?wù)勀慵亦l(xiāng)的變化，至少要有一條自己的觀點(diǎn)。 Great Changes in My Hometown 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 住房 房子很小、破舊不堪 單元套房、樓房 交通 步行、騎自行車 地鐵、高鐵、飛機(jī) 通訊 寫信 英特網(wǎng)、手機(jī)、微信、QQ 學(xué)校 自己帶桌椅、窗戶無(wú)玻璃 寬敞明亮的教室、家鄉(xiāng)最美的地方 寫作要求： 1 .文章必須包括所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮以使行文連貫； 2 .詞數(shù)：80詞左右；（文章的開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)） 3 .文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名及校名。 Great Changes in My Hometown Ever since the Reform and Opening-up, great changes have taken place in my hometown. 【答案】例文： Great Changes in My Hometown Ever since the Reform and Opening-up, great changes have taken place in my home town. In the old days,people used to live in small and broken houses. But now most people live in apartments in (all buildings. People used to go to work or school on foot or by bike in the past, but now subways, high-speed trains and planes are very convenient to take you anywhere. People used to write letters to keep in touch with each other in the past, but now mobile phones, WeChat and QQ arc so popular as well as the Internet. My grandparents told me that they had to take desks and chairs from their homes to school and the classroom windows were broken with no glass, but now the most beautiful places are schools, and the classrooms are wide and bright. There didn't use to be any hospitals in the countryside, and people had to go a long way to see a doctor. Now doctors come lo every family co give physical examinations. There is no doubt that our hometown will become more and more beautiful. 【詳解】.題干解讀：該題目是寫一篇記敘文，要求根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容提示來(lái)寫一篇征文稿，介紹自己家鄉(xiāng)的變化，文章 必須包括所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，并且至少要有一條自己的觀點(diǎn)。 1 .寫作指導(dǎo)：本文主要采用第三人稱來(lái)表達(dá)：時(shí)態(tài)上描述過(guò)去用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，描述現(xiàn)在用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。寫作 時(shí)可適當(dāng)使用一些副詞和連詞，注意上下文聯(lián)系緊密，符合邏輯關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，表達(dá)具有條理性。